Anton und ich bringen soeben CTD-Cast Nummer 45 an das Tageslicht. Während wir gerade wieder einmal mit viel Enthusiasmus frisch gezapfte Flaschen durchschütteln, meine ich, ein nett gemeintes, aber deutliches Kopfschütteln bei Jamileh erkennen zu können, als sie uns ein Guten Morgen zulächelt. Das denken sich hier scheinbar alle: Bereits 45 CTD-Einsätze? Und viele davon an ein- und derselben Stelle? Warum das Ganze? Wir müssten das Wasser doch kennen, sobald wir es einmal „vermessen“ haben, oder? Naja, irgendwie schon.
„Unsere“ CTD, von den Biologen bevorzugt auch „Wasserschöpfer“ genannt, wird seitlich aus dem Hangar herausgefahren, herabgelassen und misst in der Basisversion quasi kontinuierlich (mit 24 Hz) Leitfähigkeit (Salzgehalt), Temperatur und Druck (Tiefe) (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth), idealerweise hinunter bis zum Meeresboden. Darüber hinaus werden Sauerstoffgehalt und Fluoreszenz gemessen, was eine Abschätzung der biologischen Produktivität ermöglicht (siehe Blogeinträge zu „Mikrokreaturen“ von Nicole und Manfred). Als praktische Zugabe können mithilfe der 24 Niskin-Flaschen Wasserproben in verschiedenen Tiefen genommen werden (Manfred ist da nebenbei bemerkt mit Abstand unser bester Kunde).
Für Ozeanographen sind aber vor allem die kontinuierlichen Messungen von Temperatur und Salzgehalt von entscheidender Bedeutung, da wir daraus z.B. ableiten können, wie stabil das Wasser geschichtet ist oder woher Wassermassen und geostrophische Strömungen kommen. Dies sind wichtige Informationen, die Rahmenbedingungen darstellen, die das lokale Ökosystem stark beeinflussen. Um eine möglichst hohe Genauigkeit der physikalischen Messungen zu erreichen, nehme ich auch selbst Wasserproben, allerdings „nur“ zur späteren Kalibrierung der verschiedenen Sensoren und nicht zur Analyse der darin enthaltenen kuriosen Lebewesen.
Die meisten Einsätze wurden bisher in Küstennähe in einer Tiefe von 1500 Metern gefahren. Die folgende Abbildung zeigt eines unserer wertvollen Tiefseeprofile bis in eine Tiefe von fast 3300 Metern. Hier bilden die obersten 100m die so genannte „Deckschicht“ (Mixed Layer), in welcher alle gemessenen Größen durch den Wind gut durchmischt sind. . Wir beobachten, dass die Tiefe der Deckschicht variiert, aber grundsätzlich – wie für die Wintermonate in diesen Breiten typisch – relativ mächtig ist. An unserer ersten Station betrug die Deckschichttiefe sogar ca. 200 Meter!
Temperatur (rot), Salz (blau), Sauerstoff (gelb) als auch Chlorophyll (grün) zeichnen praktisch vertikale Linien in das Diagramm. Interessanterweise bildet sich genau an bzw. unter der Deckschicht häufig ein Maximum an Chlorophyll, welches als Indikator für das Vorkommen von Phytoplankton dient (siehe wieder Nicoles und Manfreds Blog-Eintrag). Obwohl Phytoplankton grundsätzlich autotroph, also auf Sonnenlicht angewiesen ist, kann es in dieser recht Tiefen Schicht mit sehr wenig Sonnenlicht überleben. Ein Grund dafür ist der erhöhte Nährstoffgehalt in tieferen Schichten.
Darüber hinaus bildet die Pyknokline direkt unterhalb der Deckschicht eine starke physikalische Barriere für vertikale Vermischung und kann Organismen, die selbst nicht aktiv schwimmen können, praktisch „einsperren“. Die Pyknokline ist die Schicht, in der die Dichte des Wassers mit der Tiefe (hier aufgrund des Temperaturgradienten) sehr schnell zunimmt. Diese Schichten beherbergen eine hohe Spannbreite an Temperatur- und Salzgehalten und werden auch Zentralwasser genannt.
Um Wassermassen zu identifizieren, werden Temperaturen und Salzgehalte in einem sogenannten „T-S Diagramm“ (wie in Abbildung 4) gegeneinander aufgetragen. In unserem Beispiel sieht man gut, dass das Wasser rund um Madeira zu einem großen Teil aus Nordatlantischem Zentralwasser (Eastern North Atlantic Central Water) besteht. Dieses dominiert die Pyknokline im großen Nordatlantischen Wirbel und ist deutlich salzhaltiger als im Südatlantik (vgl. Eastern South Atlantic Central Water). In unserem Profil Nummer 41 (Abbildung 3) fällt aber noch etwas anderes ins Auge. Auf etwa 1100 Metern Tiefe zeigt sich eine Nase mit noch einmal deutlich erhöhtem Salzgehalt, die nicht so recht zum linear verlaufenden Zentralwasser zu passen scheint. Hier macht sich der Einfluss des Mittelmeerwassers (MW) bemerkbar, welches aufgrund der überwiegend starken Verdunstung bei gleichzeitig wenig Niederschlag im Mittelmeerraum besonders hohe Salzgehalte mit sich bringt. Aufgrund dieses hohen Salzgehaltes manifestiert es sich trotz der warmen Temperaturen in größeren Tiefen um typischerweise 1100-1200 Meter. Wir sehen im T-S Diagramm aber auch, dass das Mittelmeerwasser im Süden von Madeira bereits etwas durchmischter, also weniger warm und salzhaltig als direkt am Ausgang des Mittelmeeres ist. Noch tiefer, was wir insbesondere bei unseren ausgedehnteren CTD-Stationen bis auf 3000 Meter und mehr gut beobachten können, findet sich das berühmte Nordatlantische Tiefenwasser (North Atlantic Deep Water). Dieses wird unter anderem durch Tiefenkonvektion im Nordatlantik gebildet und spielt eine zentrale Rolle für die globale thermohaline Zirkulation, und die gesamte Klimadynamik. Es ist für Tiefenwasser relativ „jung“ und damit reich an Sauerstoff (wir sagen gerne „gut ventiliert“) und bildet einen Kontrast zum Sauerstoffminimum, welches wir hier um Madeira auf etwa 800-900 Metern beobachten. Diese Minimumzone entsteht durch Respiration des abgesunkenen organischen Materials, z.B. von dem sonnenlichtabhängigen Phytoplankton in den obersten ~150 Metern. Im Vergleich mit den großen bekannten Sauerstoffminimumzonen im subtropischen Ost-Atlantik und -Pazifik, ist jedoch noch vergleichsweise reichlich Sauerstoff vorhanden.
Nun kennen wir das Profil einer CTD-Station etwas genauer. Im Grunde ist dieses sogar ziemlich repräsentativ für die übrigen 44. Die Frage, warum Anton und ich wie die Wahnsinnigen weiter „CTDs fahren“, bleibt also noch unbeantwortet. Wenn wir jedoch genauer hinschauen, sehen wir, dass die Temperatur- und Salzprofile nicht komplett „glatt“ verlaufen. Tatsächlich entdecken wir kleine wellenförmige Abweichungen. Messungenauigkeiten? Nein. Es sind interne Wellen, die die Profile lebendig machen. Interne Wellen können in jedem stratifizierten Medium auftreten, also Fluide, in denen die Dichte nicht konstant ist. Es gibt zwei rückstellende Kräfte, die auf interne Wellen im Ozean wirken: Gravitation und die Corioliskraft. Hauptantriebe für interne Wellen sind die Gezeiten (wie Ebbe und Flut), dicht gefolgt von Wind. Wir wissen, dass interne Wellen eine entscheidende Rolle für den Energietransport im Ozean spielen. Wie gewöhnliche Oberflächenwellen, können auch interne Wellen brechen. Wenn sie das tun, findet Vermischung statt. Das wiederum kann Nährstoffe transportieren und dadurch die biologische Produktivität beeinflussen. Die Wechselwirkung von internen Wellen mit Topographie (d.h. Inseln wie Madeira) und Strömungen ist sehr komplex und noch nicht vollumfänglich verstanden. Durch eine hohe Anzahl an Stationen zu verschiedenen Zeiten (und Gezeitenstadien) erhalten wir eine bessere räumliche und zeitliche Auflösung des internen Wellenfeldes und können die Prozesse besser verstehen. Deswegen sind wir z.B. Fans von sogenannten „Jo-Jo-CTDs“. Wie bei einem echten Jo-Jo fahren wir die CTD an ein- und derselben Stelle mehrfach direkt hintereinander auf- und ab.
In der obigen Abbildung haben wir sechs direkt aufeinander folgende Profile eines „Jo-Jos“ übereinander geplottet. Man erkennt, dass die Profile auf manchen Tiefen mehr voneinander abweichen, und auf anderen wieder nicht (Knotenpunkte). Den imposantesten Einfluss nehmen interne Wellen auf die Deckschichttiefe, diese kann alleine dadurch innerhalb von Minuten um mehrere zehn Meter variieren.
Besonderer Nervenkitzel kommt auf, wenn zur „Eddy-Jagd“ aufgerufen wird. Das klingt jetzt martialischer, als es gemeint ist. Eddies sind ozeanische Wirbel, die rund um Madeira einen Durchmesser von ca. 50 Kilometern erreichen, mit der Topographie (Inseln) sowie internen Wellen interagieren und bekanntermaßen die Biodiversität beeinflussen können. Sie entstehen über einen Zeitraum von Tagen / Wochen und sind leider kaum vorhersagbar. Daher checken wir täglich Satelliten- und Modelldaten für die Region, um ein mögliches Feature zu identifizieren, und falls möglich, in situ mit dem Schiff zu beproben. Starke Eddies können ein Signal in der Meereshöhe, den Oberflächentemperaturen und im Chlorophyll erzeugen.
Unsere Kollegen vom Ozeanographischen Institut Madeira unterstützen uns vor Ort mit regionalen Satelliten- und Modelldaten (siehe https://oomdata.arditi.pt/msm126/ ). Es ist insgesamt beeindruckend, wie gut die Zusammenarbeit an Bord und darüber hinaus funktioniert! In der Nacht vom 13. auf den 14. Februar fand bereits eine „Eddy-Jagd“ statt. Allerdings war das Satellitensignal schwach und dementsprechend konnten wir vor Ort mit unserem schiffseigenen ADCP (das Ozeanströmungen bis in knapp 1000 Meter Tiefe misst) keinen starken, kohärenten Wirbel nachweisen.(Randbemerkung: Es wurde dabei aber ein anderes spannendendes feature (mutmaßlich eine kräftige interne Welle) in der Deckschicht ausgemacht, welches wir nun analysieren.)
In einem der nächsten Blogeinträge wollen wir euch beweisen, dass unsere lieb gewonnene CTD dank raffinierter Tunings, unter anderem mit hochauflösenden Kamerasystemen, rein „objektiv“ etwas ganz Besonderes ist. Dann klären wir auf, warum auch Anton, obwohl er kein physikalischer Ozeanograph ist, gerne „Jo-Jos“ fährt, und es gibt endlich wieder Fotos von Wassertierchen!
Viele Grüße von Bord der MARIA S. MERIAN,
Marco Schulz und Anton Theileis
It’s one of the best weeks of the year: Shark Week. As our finned friends get a lot of extra attention this week, I am reflecting on my love of sharks and the threats they’re facing. In fact, before I was an ocean plastics guy, I was a shark guy. And sadly, on a perfect sunny day in the tropics while searching for sharks, I also found plastics.
Two decades ago, I was researching these magnificent animals in the crystal-clear waters of the Turks and Caicos Islands (TCI) at the School for Field Studies. Each day, we’d take our research boats out in hopes of tagging juvenile lemon sharks to better understand their movements, site fidelity and nursing habitats in the shallow waters surrounding South Caicos. Every interaction with these animals was exhilarating, and quite often we’d get the bonus of spotting or tagging other species like bonnethead sharks, Caribbean reef sharks and even the awe-inspiring tiger shark—my personal favorite!
While out on shark patrol one Sunday afternoon along the eastern reef of South Caicos, I first encountered plastic pollution on a magnitude I had never previously seen. Due to the steep cliffs that backed the beach and the shallow reefs that protected it seaward, piles of plastics and debris that drifted over the reef and onto the sand remained stranded. And with little to no human access to these beaches in the early 2000s, the accumulations grew with each passing day.
Sharks are increasingly threatened by plastic pollution, primarily through entanglement and ingestion. At least 34 species have been reported entangled in plastic debris, although actual numbers are likely much higher due to underreporting. The most common item causing entanglement is abandoned, lost or discarded fishing gear (also known as “ghost gear”), though plastic strapping bands also pose a major risk. Looped plastics like strapping bands can constrict sharks, interfering with feeding and breathing.
Sharks are at risk from eating plastics, too. Plastic bags, plastic packets and even a boot have been found inside shark stomachs. And scientists believe microplastics may pose a particular risk to filter-feeding species like whale sharks, although hundreds to thousands of microplastics have been documented inside individual tiger and hammerhead sharks as well. There is still much more to learn and understand about the interactions and effects of plastics on sharks, but what is known raises concerns about the long-term impacts of plastic ingestion on shark health and ocean health more broadly.
Never Miss An Update
Sign up for Ocean Conservancy text messages today.
It was on that same reef in South Caicos in 2006, during a break from shark patrol and long before joining Ocean Conservancy where I first participated in the International Coastal Cleanup® (ICC). And like the millions of ICC volunteers around the world who participate each year, I too collected data on every item I picked up. And with each item, I was more and more curious, asking the questions: “Where did these plastics come from? “How the heck did they end up here?” and “This can’t be good for ocean animals, can it?”
I would later learn that the piles of debris that littered that stretch of coast came from all over the Caribbean. This was also my first glimpse of how the brands and languages on plastics provide valuable information to trace where trash comes from, an approach I still use to this day in fieldwork around the world. Further, it showcased the interconnectedness of the waters and people throughout the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean.
These early, formative encounters with ocean plastics have stuck with me over the past 20 years, as have the sights of sharks effortlessly navigating their natural environments in those TCI waters. It is something that is forever lodged in my memory, something I never forget or tire of. Sharks have existed in our ocean for more than 400 million years, and over this time, they have perfected every aspect of their design. However, sharks were never meant to contend with the plastic pollution that now overwhelms every dimension of their marine environment.
Today, the most harrowing fact this Shark Week is that the plight of sharks has never been greater. And the scariest thing in the ocean isn’t a shark, it’s plastic pollution. Join Ocean Conservancy for Plastic Free July and beyond and call on your elected leaders to phase out wasteful, harmful single-use plastics.
The post How are Sharks Affected by Plastic Pollution? appeared first on Ocean Conservancy.
Nayyir Ransome builds relationships between the government and the people it serves to support the ocean. As Senior Analyst with Ocean Conservancy, Nayyir sees the power of small, incremental steps that lead to big impacts for people and waterways.
“I want to encourage people to start where they are. Start with your friends, your church group, your classroom”, Nayyir shared.
Nayyir started advocacy work when they were young, joining the Campfire Youth Legislature as a seventh-grade student in Broadmoor Middle School in East Baton Rouge Parish School System, a school that was closed in 2019. “I was one of the youngest people in the room. The bill that I proposed didn’t even make it out of committee. So, when it was time to come together on the floor and vote on all the bills that came out of committee, I decided that I was going to speak on every single bill that hit the floor, literally, all of them. I ended up winning Outstanding Legislator that year. This honor is given only to one legislator out of almost 500 young people from across the state. I still have the medal. I keep it on my desk lamp with all my other conference tags and medals. It reminds me how much impact a person simply speaking up can have. Whether or not the vote goes your way at that moment, someone is still listening.”
Nayyir got involved in Youth Legislature at a time in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, when many students were feeling unheard, anxious and facing physical displacement after Hurricane Katrina.
Remembering the day Hurricane Katrina landed
On August 29th, 2005, Hurricane Katrina made landfall in New Orleans. At least 1,900 people were killed in the storm and, due to medical and infrastructure complications, post-storm. The devastation of one of the deadliest hurricane seasons in United States history forced 650,000 survivors from their homes—some were never able to return.
“We were out of school for two weeks. Compared to New Orleans where many schools closed for months and others shut their doors permanently, this felt like a privilege. When we went back to school, there were 200 more students in the building. Many families from New Orleans were forced to move to temporary housing in Baton Rouge. Our school was one of many that saw a large influx of students from New Orleans where many schools were unable to reopen due to Katrina. There wasn’t enough space, services or support to handle that, and it became a tense environment for all of us.”
Nayyir’s family moved to Baton Rouge just one year before the storm. Coming from Philadelphia, one of the largest metropolitan cities in the country, Nayyir experienced an intense culture shock when adjusting to life in open-air, sea-centric Southern Louisiana. Nayyir reflected on the contrast of towering buildings and lightning-fast train transport to kids catching mudbugs from the crawfish mounds in the drainage ditches, designed to channel storm water, along roads without sidewalks.
“When I started participating in Camp Fire USA’s Youth Legislature program, I felt intimidated. It was a strange experience, grappling with my own sense of displacement while watching other kids being displaced on such a large scale due to Hurricane Katrina. I wasn’t from the area, but I was there, and I did understand how it felt to be pushed out, to feel discarded.”
New Orleans has a culture unlike any other place in the world, and this rich weaving of languages, ethnicities and histories creates an unshakable strength that still stands today. Yet, the crippling impacts of Hurricane Katrina can be traced through the yet-to-be-rebuilt homes in the Lower Ninth Ward and the reality of long-term health consequences and economic instability for many residents, even now, 20 years after the storm.
Hurricane detection is better than ever, thanks to NOAA
In 2005, the best hurricane detection science provided around a 48-hour warning. The people of New Orleans had less than 24 hours from the time the mandatory evacuation order was issued to when water began to spill over one of the levees.
When Hurricane Katrina developed into a Category 3 storm, receded and then reformed as a Category 5 storm, scientists, local officials and communities scrambled to keep up and spread information quickly.
“We didn’t know what was happening in New Orleans for three days. People with friends and family there were starting to panic.”
Now, thanks to the steady, decades-long efforts of organizations like the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), current predictive technologies can provide up to five days warning of extreme weather—enough time potentially to prevent storms from having the same catastrophic impact as Katrina. Yet, the question remains, ”Will we continue funding the hurricane forecasting systems we know are protecting our communities?”
Tell Congress to Protect NOAA Today
Take action to ensure Congress stands up for NOAA, demanding the agency be fully funded and fully staffed.
Understanding NOAA’s vital role during storm season
It might not be clear what NOAA does during hurricane season because much of their work is behind the scenes. The National Weather Service sits under NOAA, and NOAA scientists and professionals are key players in many of the long-term conservation measures, research and technology that prevent the most dire consequences of extreme weather. Their work includes projects that we may not think of as disaster preparedness and resilience, such as coastal restoration initiatives.
NOAA uses a variety of scientific instruments on crafts such as planes, saildrones and gliders to gather data from inside hurricanes. Long term ocean observations contribute to hurricane and weather models. This hurricane season we have an opportunity to speak up about the proposed cuts to NOAA and the vital resources we would lose if these budget changes are approved by Congress. Continuing to fund NOAA is one way to ensure ongoing improvements to weather forecasting, honor those lost to Hurricane Katrina and, in the aftermath, support the people of New Orleans today, as they rebuild and heal.
We can all speak up for life-saving hurricane detection and research
As storm seasons intensify, we need faster, more accurate weather prediction and storm detection more than ever. NOAA is America’s first line of defense against the deadliest impacts of natural disasters on our communities. Yet, NOAA’s funding is facing major cuts that, if enacted, will result in lives lost. We need to keep moving forward keeping in mind and heart the nearly 2,000 people who lost their lives during Katrina, the thousands more New Orleanians who lost their land and legacies, and the hundreds of thousands of people who are impacted by deadly storms in the United States each year.
Looking back, Nayyir can see how these experiences growing up in post-Katrina Louisiana shaped their advocacy and approach to community organizing.
“My time in Southeast Louisiana taught me a lot about people-centered advocacy. Even if we haven’t experienced something at its most extreme, we can find a way to understand the root of it by looking at our lives and the places we live. Ocean Conservancy has helped me to grow in how and why we must work across government agencies and lines to protect our ocean and the people who rely on it.”
Ocean Conservancy works alongside NOAA as a science-led advocacy organization mobilizing federal, state and local action for our ocean. Every investment in NOAA translates into vital seconds, hours and days of response time for communities when hurricane season strikes. The more data we can collect and use to predict the behavior and patterns of storms, the better we can respond and prevent tragedies.
Each year, storm season is intensifying from climate change—and not just on our coasts. Communities throughout the U.S. are affected by hurricanes and floods that threaten lives and livelihoods. We all rely on NOAA’s vital research and tools for weather prediction and extreme weather warnings. These services are a lifeline we cannot afford to lose.
Call on your Congress members today and insist they support full funding and operation of NOAA.
The post Honoring New Orleans 20 Years After Hurricane Katrina Means Protecting NOAA appeared first on Ocean Conservancy.
Honoring New Orleans 20 Years After Hurricane Katrina Means Protecting NOAA
Ocean Conservancy’s annual Photo Contest has come to a close and the results are breathtaking. Hundreds of you sent inspirational and heartbreaking photos and videos, and I am so impressed. Thank you for sharing your art with us. Discover the beautiful, inspiring and heartbreaking submissions that won the hearts of our judges, our staff and ocean lovers like you.
I am thrilled to announce the winners of Ocean Conservancy’s 2025 Photo Contest.
Judge’s Choice Winner
The Art of Survival by Rickie Andrés Ballesteros Guerrero
Follow Andrés on Instagram
From the Photographer:
“A blue-footed booby from the Galapagos Islands breaks the ocean’s surface in a swift and precise flight. With its wings spread and eyes focused, it catches a gleaming fish in its beak. The water splashes around it in a fleeting but powerful scene of the natural balance between predator and prey.”
What our Judges had to say:
“A moment frozen in time – this one stopped me in my tracks. A brief beat in the natural world, captured spectacularly.” – Pier Nirandara, 2025 Ocean Conservancy Photo Contest Judge
“An excellent photo of feeding and fighting for survival. The composition, light and action are perfectly captured. A great job by the photographer who patiently waited for the right moment to shoot. Great work.” – Mariano Rodríguez, 2025 Ocean Conservancy Photo Contest Judge
“This is a standout capture of a decisive moment. The image is sharp, emotional and dynamic. You can feel the energy of the hunt. It’s the kind of photo that brings nature’s raw beauty front and center—and reminds us of the power and grace within every species.” – Angela J. Farmer, 2025 Ocean Conservancy Photo Contest Judge
“A fantastic shot. He shot fast enough to freeze the exact moment. Lighting is good and also post processing. Love it.” – Joaquín Fregoni, 2025 Ocean Conservancy Photo Contest Judge
See more wonderful ocean animals!
By providing your mobile number you consent to receive recurring text messages from Ocean Conservancy from 52551 for donations to protect our ocean from today’s greatest global challenges. Message and data rates may apply. Reply HELP for more information or STOP to cancel. Terms & Conditions and Privacy Policy
Staff Choice Winner
Sunset Whale Tail in Front of Eagle Glacier by Harvey Hergett
Follow Harvey on Instagram
From the Photographer:
“On the last whale watching trip of the summer with Jayleen’s Alaska, as the sun was setting on a perfect September day in Alaska, she positioned the boat perfectly in front of Eagle Glacier to capture this humpback whale who was playfully tail and fin slapping.“
What our staff had to say:
“I recognized this beautiful spot outside of Juneau right away! One of the things I love about Alaska is that there is always magic if you know where and how to look for it. Thank you for sharing this little slice of my home.” – Mike Levine, Senior Director, Alaska Programs
People’s Choice Winner
Manatee Love! by Paige Taggart
From the Photographer:
“This was taken in Crystal River, Florida when a curious juvenile manatee was investigating me while I was snorkeling the springs.”
What our staff had to say:
“Manatees have a special place in every Floridian’s heart, and anybody who’s ever visited the Sunshine State and seen these gentle giants up close and personally can attest to their awesomeness. With their round bodies and curious personalities, they perfectly embody the uniqueness of the Floridian environment and remind us of how important it is to protect our special and beloved ocean and coasts.” – J.P. Brooker, Director, Florida Conservation
We’d like to extend our deepest thanks to all who participated, voted, shared and submitted photos—you truly made this year’s contest a success. And a very special thank you to our judges: Angela J. Farmer, Joaquín Fregoni, Pier Nirandara and Mariano Rodríguez for lending their expert eyes to evaluating our finalists and determining our grand prize winner. Learn more about our judges here.
Congratulations to ALL our entrants, and we hope to see you next year.
The post Introducing Ocean Conservancy’s 2025 Photo Contest Winners appeared first on Ocean Conservancy.
Efforts to green lithium extraction face scrutiny over water use
Trump Welcomes Qatar to Build Air Force Base in Idaho
Trump’s Avalanche of Lies
Spanish-language misinformation on renewable energy spreads online, report shows
Guest post: Why China is still building new coal – and when it might stop
The toxic gas flares fuelling Nigeria’s climate change – BBC News
-
Climate Change2 years ago
Spanish-language misinformation on renewable energy spreads online, report shows
-
Climate Change2 months ago
Guest post: Why China is still building new coal – and when it might stop
-
Climate Change Videos2 years ago
The toxic gas flares fuelling Nigeria’s climate change – BBC News
-
Greenhouse Gases1 year ago嘉宾来稿：满足中国增长的用电需求 光伏加储能“比新建煤电更实惠”
-
Greenhouse Gases2 months ago
Guest post: Why China is still building new coal – and when it might stop
-
Climate Change1 year ago嘉宾来稿：满足中国增长的用电需求 光伏加储能“比新建煤电更实惠”
-
Carbon Footprint2 years agoUS SEC’s Climate Disclosure Rules Spur Renewed Interest in Carbon Credits
-
Renewable Energy3 months ago
US Grid Strain, Possible Allete Sale