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Scientists have found that the devastating floods triggered by intense rainfall in Southern Africa in recent weeks were made worse by climate change and have exposed deep social vulnerability, causing a disaster described as “a textbook case of climate injustice”.

The scientists working with the World Weather Attribution (WWA) group said extreme 10-day rainfall events in the region are now about 40% more intense than in pre-industrial times, driven primarily by human-induced climate change – and on this occasion amplified by a weak La Niña pattern. While such rainfall remains relatively rare, the analysis shows it would have been far less severe in a cooler climate.

With more than 100 deaths recorded in Mozambique alone since the rains began in late December, the scientists said the impacts have been compounded by rapid urbanisation, weak planning and high levels of informal settlements, which left communities highly exposed and led to widespread collapses of housing and displacement of families.

    Renate Meyer, Southern Africa focal point for the Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, said that when studying extreme events, the WWA group now also looks at people’s vulnerability and exposure, to understand the context and the drivers of risk beyond meteorological conditions.

    “Mozambique and parts of South Africa, Eswatini and Zimbabwe are no stranger to floods, but the recurring frequency of the hazards such as drought and intense rainfall have had a significant impact on communities experiencing, amongst others, displacement, health challenges, socio-economic loss and psychological distress,” Meyer told the press launch of the WWA study.

    Friederike Otto, professor of climate science at Imperial College London’s Centre for Environmental Policy, said the Southern Africa floods are “a textbook case of climate injustice” because the people of the affected countries have not contributed to climate change, nor are they profiting from using or selling fossil fuels, yet they are the ones losing their lives, homes and livelihoods.

    Such disasters can no longer be treated as “acts of God” when they are the direct result of a system built on exploitation and a global failure to phase out fossil fuels, she argued. “We have the know-how and tools to stop this from getting worse,” she added. “We now need the political will that prioritises everyone instead of just the very rich and GDP [gross domestic product]. ”

    Climate and social vulnerabilities collide

    Separately on Thursday, the charity Water Aid said that in Mozambique and Malawi, more than 800,000 people have been affected, with thousands living in temporary accommodation and shelters, while the number of deaths and people missing continues to rise.

    In a statement launching an emergency funding appeal, Water Aid’s Southern Africa director Robert Kampala said the floods are some of the worst the region has ever seen. “This is rapidly becoming a public health crisis,” he added, noting that water sources are become contaminated with floodwater and people are forced to live in cramped shelters, raising the threat of cholera outbreaks and other diseases.

    Meyer of the Red Cross said health risks in the region have soared during the floods, with more than 11,500 pregnant women and about 169,000 women of reproductive age among those hit hardest. Many are sheltering in overcrowded conditions with limited access to sexual and reproductive health services, exposing them to stress and increased risk of preterm birth and low birth weight, she told journalists.

    Flood risk is higher for people with disabilities when emergency shelters lack ramps and adapted sanitation and support services. “These structural exclusions force people to remain in high-risk locations, converting exposure into avoidable loss,” Meyer said.

    Children are also vulnerable, she noted, with around 40% of children in Mozambique currently experiencing malnutrition. “These children are repeatedly exposed to droughts, floods [and] cyclones, with insufficient time or resources to recover nutritionally or physiologically between shocks – and this erodes the possibility of building resilience,” she added.

    “New era of climate extremes” as global warming fuels devastating impacts in 2025

    Bernardino Nhantumbo, climate researcher with Mozambique’s INAM National Institute of Meteorology in Maputo, said the flooding had caused a “collision” between a climate that grows more dangerous by the day and the region’s deep-rooted social vulnerabilities.

    “When 90% of homes are made of sun-dried earth, they simply cannot withstand this much rain,” he said. “The structural collapse of entire villages is a stark reminder that our communities and infrastructure are now being tested by weather they are just not designed to endure.”

    Growing needs, shrinking aid

    Field reports from aid workers on the ground echo the WWA’s scientific findings. ActionAid Mozambique has said that humanitarian funding cuts and the climate crisis are putting thousands at risk after the dramatic rains and flooding in central and southern parts of the country.

    With many people already living in poverty and informal housing, the floods have devastated lives and livelihoods, the aid organisation said. Elsa Manhique, a resident of the Buna area in Manhiça district, told ActionAid she had to “flee with nothing”. “Everything I had was taken by the water. The houses collapsed. We left without documents, without clothes, without anything,” she said.

    Marcia Cossa, ActionAid Mozambique’s acting head, said the country is one of the world’s most climate-vulnerable nations, facing cyclones, floods and droughts that are intensifying due to climate change. “As needs grow, international aid and cooperation are shrinking, and that rollback is costing lives,” she added.

    Comment: Tripling adaptation finance is just the start – delivery is what matters

    Save the Children, an international aid charity, reported that thousands of children are at risk, with some families rescued by boat from submerged areas. Temporary shelters are overstretched, with some housing both people and livestock, creating serious health and hygiene concerns, the agency warned.

    Ilaria Manunza, the charity’s country director, said the floods are unfolding amid a wider humanitarian emergency, pushing already exhausted communities further into crisis. With continued heavy rains forecast and emergency response capacity severely strained, families are being uprooted and children are at extreme risk, she said, calling for urgent support to prevent the emergency escalating further.

    The WWA study said strengthening resilience against floods will require full implementation of existing policies and better coordination across river basins. It recommended investing in infrastructure and early warning systems, and building community capacity to prepare for, respond to, and recover from flooding.

    The post Southern Africa floods intensified by warming highlight climate injustice, scientists say appeared first on Climate Home News.

    Southern Africa floods intensified by warming highlight climate injustice, scientists say

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    Nigerians bet on solar as global oil shock hits wallets and power supplies

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    Business has never been as brisk for Nigerian solar panel retailer Samuel Okechukwu and his team of installation technicians, who are struggling to keep up with orders since the Iran war caused local fuel prices to double.

    “There’s too much work, I’m even having to outsource some services to keep up with the work rate,” Okechukwu told Climate Home News, as he installed solar panels on the roof of an apartment building in the southern city of Port Harcourt.

    Before the war, he had installations once or twice a week, but is now busy almost every day.

    Okechukwu’s surge in orders in recent weeks suggests that more Nigerians are buying solar systems due to soaring fuel prices caused by the conflict in the Middle East, which has effectively blocked the Strait of Hormuz through which a fifth of the world’s oil and liquefied natural gas previously flowed.

      Plagued by frequent failures on Nigeria’s national grid, many homes and businesses buy diesel and petrol to supply generators to keep the lights on and equipment operating.

      Even before the latest fuel price shock, solar installations had been increasing in Nigeria in recent years as an alternative to generators among those able to afford the initial outlay.

      It costs about 600,000 naira ($450) to buy just one inverter battery and two 300-watt solar panels to charge it – roughly 10 times the minimum monthly wage – and eyebrows were raised when the government announced last year that the presidential villa was being kitted out with a $6 million solar mini-grid.

      Power plants hit by gas shortages

      Nigeria’s erratic power supplies have become even more unreliable in recent weeks as gas shortages constrain already fragile power generation. Most of Nigeria’s electricity supply comes from gas-fired plants.

      A delivery of solar panels to Onuchukwu’s shop in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, March 25, 2026. (Photo: Vivian Chime)

      A delivery of solar panels to Onuchukwu’s shop in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, March 25, 2026. (Photo: Vivian Chime)

      Last month, the Nigerian Independent System Operator said several of the oil- and gas-producing nation’s thermal power plants were being affected by “persistent gas supply constraints” that were causing a decline in electricity generation.

      While Nigeria has abundant gas reserves, the shortages are largely driven by structural issues, including mounting government debts owed to gas suppliers and pipeline constraints. Power Minister Adebayo Adelabu said last week that gas suppliers are prioritising export markets which have become more attractive and offer better returns over domestic markets.

      This week, the Nigerian government increased gas prices for power generation companies, a move likely to deepen cost pressures in the electricity sector already struggling with debt and supply shortages.

      At the same time, Okechukwu said rising temperatures in recent years were also increasing demand for an affordable source of electricity to power air conditioners.

      Global oil shock makes case for renewables

      Installations of solar power in Africa jumped 54% in 2025, according to a report by the Global Solar Council (GSC), marking the fastest annual growth on record.

      The continent’s solar power capacity still represents only about 1% of the world’s total, though industry experts say the continent may have significantly more than official data reflects, with many rooftop installations going uncounted.

      Precarious power supplies are already a key driver of solar adoption in many African nations, propelling fast growth rates in countries including Nigeria, which was Africa’s second-largest solar installer last year, installing more than 800 MW of capacity, according to the GSC, a nonprofit trade body.

      PEG Africa agents prepare to install a solar-powered fridge panel in Lahou-Kpanda, Ivory Coast, February 25, 2021. Photo taken on February 25, 2021. REUTERS / Luc Gnago

      PEG Africa agents prepare to install a solar-powered fridge panel in Lahou-Kpanda, Ivory Coast, February 25, 2021. Photo taken on February 25, 2021. REUTERS / Luc Gnago

      Surging energy costs due to the Iran war could give further momentum to growth, the GSC’s CEO Sonia Dunlop told Climate Home News.

      “It’s clear the people of Nigeria saw the writing on the wall … and have gone all in on rooftop solar as a result,” Dunlop said.

      The increase in energy prices since the conflict began have cost consumers and businesses around the world more than $100 billion, according to a March 2026 analysis by 350.org, a non-profit organisation.

      It said that would be enough to build sufficient solar capacity to supply about 150 million people in lower-consumption countries, for example in Africa, adding that investing in renewables was the best way to stabilise prices and strengthen energy security.

      Anne Jellema, 350.org’s CEO, urged governments meeting in Colombia next month to discuss the transition away from oil and gas to “seize this moment to adopt binding targets to phase out fossil fuels and ramp up investment in a clean, safe energy future”.

      Africa records fastest-ever solar growth, as installations jump in 2025

      The global energy shock unleashed by the U.S.-Israeli war “definitely supports the case for longer-term mitigation, not being reliant on imported oil”, said Karl Boyce, CEO of ARC Power, a mini-grid developer operating in Africa, adding that securing sufficient investment would be crucial to realising Africa’s renewables potential.

      “It’s so reliant on really heavy investment,” Boyce said. “So globally, there should be a focus on seeing how more investment can go into that sector just to give more stability in the longer term.”

      Onuchukwu in front of his solar panels retail shop in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, March 25, 2026. (Photo: Vivian Chime)

      Onuchukwu in front of his solar panels retail shop in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, March 25, 2026. (Photo: Vivian Chime)

      “Forget about buying petrol”

      In Port Harcourt, another solar trader, Sunday Onuchukwu, said his business has been “moving faster than before” as people get tired of power cuts and rising fuel costs that make investing in panels seem a better bet.

      Located in a solar panels retail market, Onuchukwu’s shop was busy with customers, but the market itself was unusually quiet – without the usual whirr of generators thanks to the solar panels on the roof.

      “Most of my customers complain that the fuel issue is one reason why they have decided to go solar. I have clients who transition both their offices and homes at the same time and move away from the bad power supply,” Onuchukwu told Climate Home News.

      He said many businesses spend more than 20,000 naira ($15) per day on petrol to power generators.

      Green Climate Fund picks locations for five developing country hubs

      “With that money, calculated over a one-year period, you can install solar and forget about ever buying petrol,” he said, adding that some lower-cost solar products were now becoming available such as a 50,000-naira ($36) kit that provides enough power to light a single bulb and charge a mobile phone.

      Mr Amadi lifts twp wrapped solar panels onto his head at Onuchukwu’s shop in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, March 25, 2026. (Photo: Vivian Chime)

      Mr Amadi lifts twp wrapped solar panels onto his head at Onuchukwu’s shop in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, March 25, 2026. (Photo: Vivian Chime)

      Lifting two heavy panels onto his head in Onuchukwu’s shop, one customer said ensuring a steady supply of power – after months without mains supplies – was vital for his barber shop and would also help his wife’s small business.

      “This is what I am using to run my business and ensure electricity,” the man said, giving his family name as Amadi.

      “With these two panels, I can also power my wife’s inverter freezer for her to be selling frozen foods.”

      The post Nigerians bet on solar as global oil shock hits wallets and power supplies appeared first on Climate Home News.

      Nigerians bet on solar as global oil shock hits wallets and power supplies

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      Pennsylvania Lawmakers Are Talking the Talk on Data Center Regulations. But Will They Walk?

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      As public opposition to AI data center development ratchets up in Pennsylvania, politicians are promising to protect local communities. Whether the state’s fractious politics can deliver is another question.

      Ask Gemini, Google’s AI chatbot, whether Pennsylvania politicians are doing anything about the swelling public concern over data center development in the commonwealth, and it answers confidently.

      Pennsylvania Lawmakers Are Talking the Talk on Data Center Regulations. But Will They Walk?

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      Greenpeace will not rest until justice is served

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      Greenpeace International and Greenpeace organisations in the US filed on 27 March 2026 a motion for a new trial in North Dakota District Court. This demand for justice follows the absurd and flawed US$ 345 million judgment issued by the same court in Energy Transfer’s SLAPP lawsuit against the Greenpeace parties returned on 27 February 2026. Energy Transfer’s back-to-back SLAPP lawsuits are attempts to erase Indigenous leadership of the Standing Rock Movement, punish solidarity with the ongoing resistance to the Dakota Access Pipeline, and intimidate environmental activists from speaking out against Big Oil companies. 

      The motion for a new trial should be granted to prevent one of the largest miscarriages of justice in North Dakota’s history. We are demanding the court right the wrongs committed at trial and to ensure the rights and freedoms promised under the US constitution are protected.

      Greenpeace will not rest until justice is served and Big Oil can no longer use and abuse the legal system in North Dakota or anywhere else.

      Greenpeace International General Counsel Kristin Casper

      There is no question the Greenpeace defendants were denied a fair trial — even a concise summary of the errors and injustices that marred the trial runs to over 100 pages.

      Among the numerous egregious flaws documented in the motion for a new trial are:

      1. The Greenpeace defendants could not receive a fair and impartial trial in Morton County.
      2. Seven out of nine jurors that decided the case had clear biases due to fossil fuel industry ties, experiences with the Standing Rock protests, and/or preexisting negative views of the Greenpeace defendants.
      3. Despite the fact that thousands of individuals and hundreds of organisations were involved in actions at Standing Rock and speaking out against DAPL, and North Dakota law clearly requiring damages to be split among everyone who contributed to alleged harms, the jury and the court assigned 100% of the claimed damages to the Greenpeace defendants. 
      4. The jury’s verdict was contrary to the weight of the evidence on each and every count. 
      5. The jury verdict was tainted by the inclusion of inadmissible, prejudicial information. 
      6. The jury was improperly prevented from hearing relevant, admissible evidence that was favorable to the Greenpeace defendants. 
      7. The jury was provided erroneous and incomplete instructions and a flawed verdict form.

      Greenpeace will not rest until justice is served

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