The rise of Direct Lithium Extraction (DLE) technology promises to open up new sources of lithium supply this decade, potentially helping to avert a forecasted shortfall. According to a new Benchmark special report, DLE represents a group of technologies that selectively extract lithium from brines. This novel technology offers a significant shift in the lithium supply landscape.
What is Direct Lithium Extraction?
DLE is a well-established technology with operational projects in China and South America. The process begins with extracting brine from aquifers, which is then transported to a processing unit. Here, lithium is selectively extracted using a resin or adsorption material, while the spent brine is reinjected into the aquifer, ensuring no depletion or environmental damage.

The resin captures or adsorbs lithium chloride (LiCl) from the brine. Then the captured lithium is stripped with water, creating a lithium eluate. This eluate undergoes further concentration through reverse osmosis and mechanical evaporation before being processed into battery-grade lithium using industry methods.
One of the key advantages of DLE is its ability to reduce the environmental impact compared to traditional extraction methods. Conventional techniques often lead to soil degradation, water pollution, and destruction of habitats and biodiversity. In contrast, DLE minimizes these issues by avoiding extensive evaporation ponds and using selective extraction methods.
Moreover, DLE technologies help lower the carbon footprint of lithium extraction by reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. By employing more efficient and targeted extraction methods, DLE significantly cuts the energy required compared to traditional techniques.
This efficiency contributes to the decarbonization of the energy sector, making DLE a crucial technology for reducing the overall environmental impact of lithium production.
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Current and Future DLE Production
Currently, there are 13 operational DLE projects projected to produce about 124,000 tonnes of lithium chemicals in 2024. By 2035, DLE is expected to contribute 14% of the total lithium supply, amounting to around 470,000 tonnes of lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE), as per Benchmark’s Lithium Forecast.
While most of this supply will come from continental brines, geothermal and oil fields could contribute 9% and 14% respectively.
- CHECK OUT live lithium prices here.
The Role of DLE in New Brine Projects
Almost 75% of new brine projects are expected to use some form of DLE. This highlights the growing importance of unconventional lithium sources and the expanding ecosystem of new players in the lithium value chain, especially oil companies that bring substantial capital and expertise.
Despite its potential, DLE’s path to commercialization faces several challenges, including:
- issues with scalability,
- inflationary pressures, and
- delays at new brine projects.
Technical risks also pose hurdles for new investors. Benchmark’s DLE special report outlines various DLE technologies, including adsorption, ion exchange, solvent extraction, and membranes, with adsorption being the most widely adopted and best-established, particularly in China.
Each brine source is unique in terms of impurity levels and lithium concentration, meaning there is no ‘one-size-fits-all solution’. Consequently, each DLE solution must be tailored to the specific environmental and economic conditions of the project.
Unlocking New Sources: Oil-field Brines
DLE technology has the potential to unlock previously undeveloped sources of lithium, such as petro brines and geothermal deposits, by achieving recovery rates of 80-90% compared to the current evaporation yields of 20-50%. This is particularly significant for “unconventional” brine resources in western jurisdictions, aligning with the political priorities in the US and European Union to build localized and diversified streams of critical minerals.
DLE’s potential is attracting significant interest from major players, including oil and gas companies. For example, Standard Lithium’s Stage 1A project in Arkansas could be the first petro brine project to come online in 2026. It has an initial production of 5,000 tonnes per year.
Additionally, Exxon Mobil has signed a non-binding memorandum of understanding (MOU) with battery producer SK On for the supply of up to 100,000 tonnes from its DLE lithium project in Arkansas.
Despite the enthusiasm, DLE projects face significant capital and operating cost challenges. These projects have seen substantial cost increases as they advance and feasibility studies are updated.
Rising global inflation rates, along with higher equipment, utility, and labor costs, have driven these increases. For example, early-stage DLE projects have an average capital intensity of $37 per kilogram of lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE), while advanced projects average $60 per kilogram of LCE.
Given these challenges, Direct Lithium Extraction is unlikely to be a short-term solution for the lithium industry. Benchmark does not believe that DLE technology alone can bridge the structural deficits in the lithium market. However, it remains a promising avenue for expanding lithium supply in the long run.
The post Is Direct Lithium Extraction the Key to Solving the Lithium Shortage Crisis? appeared first on Carbon Credits.
Carbon Footprint
How Nestlé’s Nescafé Hits Coffee Sustainability Goals Early: A Climate Win in Every Cup
Nescafé, a Nestlé coffee brand, has already beaten its coffee sustainability goal for 2025 by sourcing 32% of its coffee through regenerative agriculture in 2024. This move shows strong progress toward its 2030 target of 50% and Nestlé’s net-zero goals.
Backed by more than $1 billion in funding, Nestlé supports this transition with major investments in farmer training and eco-friendly farming practices. The change adds value by lowering the coffee’s environmental impact. It reduces greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and boosts long-term supply chain stability.
How Did Nescafé Exceed Its 2025 Coffee Sourcing Goal Early?
Nescafé initially set a goal to source 30% of its coffee through regenerative agriculture by 2025. As of 2024, the company has already passed that goal, reaching 32%, as reported in its Plan 2030 Progress Report.

Regenerative agriculture uses farming methods that boost soil health, enhance biodiversity, and cut back on chemical inputs. These practices protect farmland while helping farmers produce better, more resilient crops.
Nestlé reports that over 200,000 coffee farmers have been trained in regenerative techniques through the Nescafé Plan. In total, over 400,000 hectares of coffee farmland now follow these methods.
This change boosts climate resilience and steadies coffee production. It also helps areas dealing with drought, soil erosion, and unpredictable weather caused by climate change.
From Beans to Biodiversity: Why Regenerative Farming Works
Regenerative agriculture helps combat environmental degradation by restoring soil health and boosting its ability to store carbon. Healthy soil can hold more organic carbon, preventing it from entering the atmosphere as CO₂. This makes coffee farming part of the climate solution rather than a contributor to global warming.
Coffee production has a significant carbon footprint. One kilogram of green coffee can produce up to 15 kg of CO₂-equivalent emissions. This includes emissions from cultivation, processing, transport, and packaging.
- By switching to regenerative methods, farms in the Nescafé program achieved a 20% to 40% reduction in GHG emissions per kilogram of green coffee in 2024.
Nestlé aims to reduce emissions from green coffee production by 50% by 2030. The company’s broader corporate target is to reach net-zero emissions by 2050.
In its latest climate report, Nestlé said its GHG emissions dropped by 13.5% from 2018 to 2023. This happened while its business volume increased.

How Is Nescafé Supporting Farmers and Communities?
Nescafé’s investment in regenerative coffee sourcing helps farmers make lasting changes. Nestlé’s $1 billion sustainability plan funds education, technical support, and tools for farmers to succeed.
The company works with farming communities in 16 countries, including Brazil, Colombia, Vietnam, and Ethiopia. These regions supply much of the world’s coffee and face increased climate stress.
Nescafé teaches farmers to use shade trees, natural compost, cover crops, and water-saving systems. This helps create stronger and more resilient farming systems.
Farmers adopting regenerative practices often see better yields, more stable incomes, and healthier land. Some are joining carbon markets via third-party verified emissions projects. This creates new income streams through carbon credits.
Each credit equals one ton of reduced or removed carbon from the atmosphere. Farmers can earn with carbon credits if their practices are shown to reduce emissions. In this way, regenerative agriculture supports both environmental and economic resilience.
How Does This Support Climate and Business Goals?
Reducing the carbon footprint of coffee is essential for global climate targets. Agriculture makes up around 24% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Coffee ranks as one of the most traded agricultural products.
Nescafé’s early steps in regenerative sourcing help Nestlé meet its science-based climate goals. The company’s coffee-specific emissions reductions—20% to 40% per kg in 2024—are among the best reported in the industry.
Nestlé is not just investing in sustainable energy. It is also working on water efficiency and changing packaging throughout its operations. Its 2030 plan aims to stop deforestation in supply chains. It also aims to expand carbon removal projects, like storing carbon in soil.
For Nescafé, this creates a cleaner production model from bean to cup. It enhances transparency and meets growing consumer and investor demands for sustainability performance.
The New Brew: Consumer Demand Fuels Sustainability
Global demand for sustainable coffee is rising quickly. Consumers care more about how their coffee is grown.
The coffee industry is worth over $100 billion each year. According to Statista, the sustainable coffee market is growing at an annual rate of 8.6% from 2021 to 2028. In another report, the market, valued at $393 billion in 2023, will reach $495 billion by 2032.

A 2023 Nielsen report found that over 60% of global consumers are willing to pay more for sustainably sourced products. That figure rises to 73% among millennials. This shift in values is pushing brands to provide proof of environmental and social responsibility.
Nescafé sources 93% of its coffee responsibly. This means the coffee is traceable and verified by third-party standards. The move to regenerative agriculture takes that commitment further. It gives the brand an edge as regulations tighten and sustainability becomes a must-have rather than a bonus.
From an investment standpoint, companies that lead in sustainability are attracting more capital. Nestlé ranks high in ESG (environmental, social, and governance) indexes and has issued green bonds to fund its transition.
Analysts find long-term value in companies that:
- Align with climate goals,
- Reduce supply chain risk, and
- Build consumer trust.
How Is Nescafé Setting New Industry Standards?
Nescafé’s actions raise the bar for the global coffee industry. Certifications like Rainforest Alliance and Fair Trade are still helpful. However, the industry is shifting focus. Now, it highlights measurable results and regenerative strategies.
Other major coffee brands, such as Starbucks and Lavazza, are also exploring regenerative models. However, Nescafé’s early achievement of its 2025 goal and public reporting give it a leadership edge.
The brand invests in farmers, shares information clearly, and emphasizes science-based climate action. This strategy shows how big brands can impact agricultural systems.
As pressure rises from regulators, consumers, and investors, companies must show real climate progress. Regenerative sourcing helps the planet. It’s also key for brand reputation, market share, and future growth.
A Model for Scalable Climate Action
Nescafé has shown that big changes are possible with clear goals, investment, and farmer partnerships. By surpassing its 2025 target a year early, the brand has proven that regenerative agriculture can be adopted at scale and deliver strong environmental results.
Its focus on lowering GHG emissions, enhancing soil health, and aiding farmers keeps it ahead in a competitive, climate-aware market. With this, Nescafé’s achievements will play a major role in Nestlé’s journey to meet its 2030 and 2050 climate goals. This progress reinforces a growing trend: sustainability is no longer a niche—it’s the future of farming and food production.
- READ MORE: US Department of Agriculture to Invest $300M to Boost Carbon Data in Agriculture and Forestry
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Carbon Footprint
EPA Pushes Rollback on Carbon Rules for Fossil Fuel Plants — Is U.S. Net Zero Target at Stake?
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has proposed a sweeping rollback of key emissions rules for fossil fuel power plants. On March 12, 2025, EPA Administrator Lee Zeldin announced plans to repeal Biden-era regulations aimed at cutting greenhouse gas emissions, including the updated Clean Power Plan and stricter Mercury and Air Toxics Standards (MATS).
This move aligns with President Trump’s energy agenda and is framed as part of the “Power the Great American Comeback” campaign. According to the EPA, the rollback could save the power sector $19 billion over two decades, or roughly $1.2 billion per year, starting in 2026.
Trump-Era EPA Move Targets Biden’s Climate Rules: Will the Climate Impact Be Severe?
EPA Administrator Zeldin highlighted,
“Affordable, reliable electricity is key to the American dream and a natural byproduct of national energy dominance. According to many, the primary purpose of these Biden-Harris administration regulations was to destroy industries that didn’t align with their narrow-minded climate change zealotry. Together, these rules have been criticized as being designed to regulate coal, oil and gas out of existence.”
The 2024 Clean Power Plan 2.0, finalized under the Biden administration, was expected to cut 1.38 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide by 2047. That’s equivalent to taking over 320 million gasoline-powered cars off the road for a year.
- The U.S. is the world’s second-largest emitter and has the highest per-capita emissions. That puts a big responsibility on the country to lead climate action.
But hitting the 2030 climate goal won’t be easy. The Rhodium Group says emissions must fall by 7.6% every year from 2025 to 2030. And undoubtedly, that’s a steep drop.
By revoking this plan, the U.S. risks losing one of its most ambitious tools for slashing power sector emissions. The plan also targeted other air pollutants known to harm human health, including fine particulates and heavy metals like mercury and arsenic.
EPA Seeks End to CO₂ Limits for Power Plants
The EPA’s proposal includes eliminating all greenhouse gas standards under Section 111 of the Clean Air Act for both new and existing fossil fuel plants. The agency argues that CO₂ emissions from power plants do not significantly contribute to “dangerous air pollution” as defined under the Act. Therefore, they say these emissions shouldn’t be regulated in this way.
The proposal would also reverse a 2024 rule requiring carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology on new natural gas and modified coal plants. Instead, the EPA is considering less strict efficiency-based rules for new gas plants.

Repeal of Mercury and Air Toxics Standards (MATS) Amendments
Alongside the carbon rules, the EPA wants to eliminate amendments made in 2024 to the Mercury and Air Toxics Standards. These changes had tightened mercury and particulate matter limits for coal- and oil-fired plants. The rollback would revert the standards to their 2012 levels.
The agency estimates this repeal could save the power industry another $1.2 billion over ten years beginning in 2028. However, environmental groups argue that the 2024 MATS updates were necessary to protect communities, especially in states like West Virginia, Texas, and North Carolina, where coal power remains a key energy source.
- ALSO READ: Trump’s New Tariffs Wipe Out $2.5 Trillion: How Can It Stall America’s Clean Energy Future?
Cites Supreme Court Ruling in Justification
The EPA is leaning on the 2022 Supreme Court decision in West Virginia v. EPA, which limited the agency’s authority to reshape the U.S. energy mix under the “major questions doctrine.” Critics of the Biden administration’s rule say it tried to revive the original Clean Power Plan, which had been blocked by the courts years earlier.
It now argues that regulating power plant CO₂ emissions exceeds its authority and shifts energy decisions away from states and consumers.
Energy Security vs. Climate Commitments
The rollback is being pitched as an effort to lower energy costs, boost national security, and strengthen U.S. manufacturing. Supporters say it removes red tape for coal and gas plants that supply reliable baseload power, especially important for sectors like AI, data centers, and heavy industry.
But critics argue that the proposed changes put the U.S. at odds with its international climate commitments. The Biden administration had pledged to reach net-zero emissions by 2050, and cutting power plant emissions is a key part of that roadmap.
What’s Next for U.S. Climate Policy?
The proposed repeals are subject to public comment before being finalized. However, the EPA’s new direction signals a dramatic shift away from federal climate regulation—one that could reshape everything from clean energy incentives to carbon trading strategies.
For now, the message from the EPA is clear: the focus is shifting from emissions cuts to energy affordability and independence. But at what cost? The answer may lie in future carbon market trends, climate data, and the response from U.S. states and industries.
The post EPA Pushes Rollback on Carbon Rules for Fossil Fuel Plants — Is U.S. Net Zero Target at Stake? appeared first on Carbon Credits.
Carbon Footprint
Hanwha Qcells Launches EcoRecycle for Solar Panel Recycling
Hanwha Qcells has launched a solar panel recycling program called EcoRecycle. The company aims to recycle up to 250 megawatts (MW) of solar panels each year. This effort will reduce waste and promote sustainable energy in the U.S. It meets the growing need for solar panel recycling as the industry expands.
Why Qcells Chose Georgia?
Qcells chose Georgia for its new recycling facility. The company already runs major solar projects in the state, which is a hub for solar energy. Expanding there allows Qcells to use existing infrastructure and a skilled local workforce.
This year, EcoRecycle will begin operations at a state-of-the-art facility in Cartersville, Georgia. At full capacity, it can recycle about 250 MW of solar panels each year—around 500,000 panels—recovering materials like aluminum, glass, silver, and copper. EcoRecycle plans to expand its centers across the U.S. to boost efficiency.
This move helps the local economy by creating jobs and promoting green technology. Georgia is key to U.S. solar growth. It’s an ideal place for a large-scale recycling program that can transform how the industry manages solar waste.
Jung-Kwon Hong, Head of Hanwha Qcells Manufacturing Group
“As the U.S. moves towards a more sustainable and self-reliant solar industry, EcoRecycle by Qcells is committed to pioneering innovative recycling technologies that not only reduce environmental impact but also create economic opportunities. Through strategic investments and cutting-edge solutions, we are positioning ourselves as a leader in the circular economy, ensuring that solar energy remains a truly renewable and responsible power source.”
What Makes EcoRecycle Important for Solar Waste?
Solar panels typically last 25 to 30 years. As older panels reach the end of their life, they create a waste problem. Currently, less than 10% of solar panels are recycled. Most end up in landfills, wasting valuable materials like glass, aluminum, silicon, and silver.
Qcells wants to change this with EcoRecycle. The goal is to recover key materials and reuse them in new products. By keeping these materials in circulation, Qcells helps reduce emissions tied to mining and production, which are crucial steps in fighting climate change.
Kelly Weger, Senior Director of Sustainability at Hanwha Qcells said,
“With this new business, Hanwha Qcells will emerge as the first-ever crystalline silicon (C-Si) solar panel producer to possess a full value chain, conducting both solar panel manufacturing and recycling on U.S. soil. Effectively managing solar waste is essential to ensure the long-term sustainability and resilience of the clean energy sector. We’re proud to be leading the charge with the launch of EcoRecycle by Qcells.”
To boost its recycling efforts, Qcells partnered with Solarcycle, a company that specializes in solar panel recycling. Solarcycle uses innovative technology to separate valuable components from old panels. These parts, like silicon and precious metals, can be reused to make new panels.
This partnership allows Qcells to recycle more efficiently. It also shows how collaboration can help the solar sector adopt greener practices.
Recycling Solar Waste and Its Impact on the Environment
As global demand for solar energy grows, solar panel installations are rapidly increasing. At the same time, concerns are rising about carbon emissions from panel production and how to manage solar waste.
Measuring Solar’s Life-Cycle Emissions
Life-cycle emissions refer to the total greenhouse gases released throughout the entire process of producing energy, from mining raw materials and manufacturing to installation, maintenance, and final disposal.
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), producing 1 kilowatt-hour (kWh) of electricity from rooftop solar panels results in about 41 grams of CO2 equivalents—the same weight as a medium-sized chicken egg.
While solar energy isn’t completely carbon-free, its emissions are significantly lower than those from fossil fuel-based electricity, making it a much cleaner alternative.
Recycling solar panels cuts the need for raw materials like mined aluminum, copper, and glass. By reusing these materials, Qcells reduces energy use and carbon emissions tied to production.

In 2023, the Qcells division took responsibility by launching an extended producer responsibility (EPR) program and setting up an eco-friendly system to recycle waste panels.
Additionally, Solarcycle’s advanced resource separation can recover up to 95% of materials in a panel. This means less waste in landfills and fewer carbon emissions from mining and transporting raw materials. With solar panel waste expected to reach 76 million tons globally by 2030, EcoRecycle helps ease that future burden.
Boosting the U.S. Solar Sector
The U.S. solar sector is rapidly growing, currently valued at $20 billion. It will continue to expand as more homes and businesses adopt solar. However, this growth also creates more waste unless recycling becomes standard.
By launching EcoRecycle, Qcells prepares for future regulations and market demands. Currently, there are no national laws for solar panel recycling, though some states are starting to discuss it. If these laws pass, Qcells will be well-positioned to start early.
Recycling also reduces the solar industry’s reliance on imports for key materials, protecting companies from price changes. This stability gives manufacturers reliable domestic supplies of materials.
Trends Driving Solar Panel Recycling
In the renewable energy sector, companies are focusing more on the entire product lifecycle. This means designing solar technology for both performance and end-of-life management. More firms invest in recycling to maximize the value of their materials.
Businesses and governments promote a circular economy in solar, where products are reused or remade instead of being discarded. This approach reduces waste and supports long-term sustainability goals. Initiatives like Qcells’ EcoRecycle show this strategy in action.
Industry experts agree that effective recycling will shape the next phase of solar growth. According to EIA’s latest forecast, the US expects 63GW of new utility-scale power projects in 2025, with solar PV leading the way. Utility-scale solar PV will contribute 32.5GW, making up 52% of the total.
However, this growth brings increased waste. If recycling doesn’t keep pace, the solar boom could lead to major environmental challenges.
EcoRecycle addresses the urgent need for infrastructure to manage outdated and damaged panels. With Solarcycle’s advanced recovery technology, Qcells takes an early lead in a market with few large-scale recyclers. This offers both environmental and competitive advantages.
Public pressure is also growing. Consumers want to know what happens to products after they use them. They prefer brands that act responsibly. Qcells’ program meets this demand. It builds trust with an audience that cares about sustainable energy choices.
EcoRecycle Sets a New Standard in Solar Tech Management
EcoRecycle sets a new standard for responsible solar tech management. Growth is important, but the solar industry must handle its waste. If it doesn’t, it risks undermining its green mission. Hanwha Qcells is an example of this by its investment in recycling. They offer a roadmap for others to follow.
As technology advances and regulations change, recycling will likely become central to solar economics. Qcells’ proactive approach lets it shape the market while helping reduce emissions and landfill waste. It’s not just about solar power; it’s about building a sustainable future.
With EcoRecycle, Qcells has taken a significant step forward. It paves the way for a future where energy is clean, smart, and sustainable.
The post Hanwha Qcells Launches EcoRecycle for Solar Panel Recycling appeared first on Carbon Credits.
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