Last Updated on July 29, 2024
I recently moved to Maine and bought a fixer-upper home. The goal? Sustainable home restoration and interior design choices.
I wanted to create something timeless and stay true to the house’s almost 200-year-old heritage. It’s an old beauty!

I was so afraid I wouldn’t feel a connection with our house, but I’ve absolutely fallen in love with the place. And renovating it has been a lot of work, but well worth the effort!
Our kitchen started out a strange yellow and brown color, and now it’s green. We removed SO much wallpaper and re-carpeted the stairs. I got a lot of secondhand furniture items for the house. So it’s come a long way.
The challenge was keeping the renovation as sustainable as possible. Home renovation creates a lot of waste. I spent months peeling up wallpaper and I was filling up these massive bags of trash.
But we’re making decisions that are going to be a lot more timeless and are going to prevent a lot more waste in the future.
For example, I recently repaired a chair for my dining room table. In the past, I would’ve been hesitant to buy wood glue because it came in a plastic bottle. But now, I’m focusing more on repairing my items, which ensures I’m keeping major items out of the landfill.
If you’re thinking about home restoration and want to learn more about my process, you’re in luck! I interviewed Maddy Kozoyed, interior designer and owner of Whatsoever Things Are Lovely (WTL), who helped me design my newfound space. Here’s what she had to say.

what is the difference between renovating and restoring?
The difference between renovating and restoring is this: Renovating repairs and updates an area, while restoring brings the space back to its original condition (often utilizing original materials).
According to Kozoyed, “as a sustainable [interior] designer, when I think of renovating, I usually think of the immense amount of waste that is created to make a space brand new.”
“With restoration, I think preservation becomes the focus – using what you have and updating what needs to be changed through renewal versus replacing. I think the terms probably have different nuances to others in the industry, especially if there are specific historical requirements in your area/neighborhood to restore vs renovate.”
In a way, I suppose I’ve done a bit of both on my home. We definitely had to update some of the rooms (mainly the kitchen) because we had this strange yellow and brown cabinet situation we just couldn’t get behind.
But some areas we’ve just been focusing on restoring back to its former glory. Or at the least, honoring its almost 200 year old history. For example, I’ve definitely used the paint from the original homeowners to touch up various parts of the home.
“Regardless of what we call it,” Kozoyed continues, “I think the goal of all home changes should be to achieve your vision while keeping the planet in mind!”
what is the meaning of home restoration?
Kozoyed says “when I think of the term home restoration, I think preservation becomes the focus – using what you have and updating what needs to be changed through renewal versus replacing. In historical homes, this usually denotes maintaining or rebuilding certain features or character in the style of time period of the build.”
Essentially, you want to maintain the home’s heritage and rich culture through the highest level of authenticity and replication you can.

what is the first thing to do when restoring a house?
The first and biggest step to restoring a house? Talking to the right people.
Kozoyed says, “anytime I start a home project, I always take time to TALK IT OUT. Contractors measure twice and cut once, I design twice and do once! Creating a design plan is the best place to start any home project, whether with a designer or tackling alone.”
In other words, you want to create a clear vision of what you want to achieve and talk to the right people about it, like a trusted designer and a contractor.
“My design philosophy is to start with the ideal feeling that you want to experience in your space. That becomes the north star for all decisions, both functional and stylistic.”
“While we all think we like certain styles, a style is really just a combination of stylistic and functional elements put together to create a feeling! By starting with identifying the feeling you want first, you’ll easily make the right, aligned decisions when it comes to the way the space should function and look, reducing the waste of wrong decisions along the way!”
For example, if you want your home to feel cool and mellow, you may opt for more cool hues like blues, greens and purples.

what are some sustainable furniture companies you recommend?
The most sustainable furniture around is the furniture you already own!
Kozoyed says “most importantly, shop your own home,” but when that isn’t an option, “look locally and secondhand at the thrift store, on secondhand marketplaces/apps, and Buy Nothing Groups!”
“However, if and when you buy new, my favorite sneaky sustainable family of brands is West Elm and Pottery Barn! [They’re] sneaky because I feel like lots of people aren’t aware of this! They label their Fair Trade certified products, many of which make up their classic furniture lines. They also label pieces made from recycled or sustainable materials, and all other certifications, like FSC, Greengaurd, OEKO-TEX, etc.”
You’ll want to look for brands that utilize recycled, organic and fairtrade materials. Transparency is important when it comes to where the materials are sourced, and how they were manufactured, so be sure to do your research before buying new.
“I also love Made Trade for a one stop shop for sustainable furniture and home goods. And newer brands are growing into multiple lines, including Thuma for my favorite bed of all time, Floyd and Sabai for sustainable couches and living room essentials, Clare for the prettiest paint, and Our Place for the kitchen.”
RELATED: 12 Of The Best Sustainable Furniture Companies

how can people source building materials like wood, paint and tile sustainably?
According to Kozoyed, “making time and space to salvage your own home’s materials and look locally and secondhand will help minimize the impact of any home project. I love looking for overstock at local tile and paint stores. Also, architectural salvage stores like Habitat Restore and Buy Nothing groups are overflowing with scrap materials.”
One of the rooms of my house has blue walls, a gray door, green tiles, and a cream closet. It’s a bit all over the place color wise, so I think I might repaint the walls. I have a local Restore that has a recycled paint section and I’m thinking maybe a sage green could work nicely.
Definitely check to see if you have a local reuse store near you – they could stock building materials at discounted prices to help with your next home project.
“If you’re buying new, look for brands that have sustainable certifications and align with your values, like FireClay, a B-Corp and Climate Neutral certified handmade tile brand, or Clare for zero VOC, Greengaurd Gold certified paint.”

what are some easy sustainable interior design tips you have anyone can do?
Kozoyed has two big tips for easy sustainable interior designing.
Her first trip is following a Triple F design framework, which entails an ideal feeling, functional details, and form.
“I deeply believe in my Triple F design framework, as it works for every space, every size project, and every budget. Start planning with an ideal feeling, then consider functional details, then finally and lastly style. Think feeling, function, then form, the three Fs!
“This framework helps you figure out what you REALLY like. There’s a whole industry of photo stylists, content creators, designers, and architects whose job it is to curate the aspirational glimpses of styles we see online, in magazines, and in person. There are so many variables to consider, that blindly adopting a certain style like “traditional”, “coastal”, or “modern” can lead to costly and wasteful decisions.”
Her second tip? Creating a plan for designing a space, instead of rushing.
“It’s almost always better to wait to invest in the item you really like! When we try and design fast and without a plan, we substitute cheaper and available alternatives to what we really crave.”
“I’ve found that my clients usually eventually turn back to the original dream piece, and end up scraping the alternative to the landfill or overflowing thrift store. So trust your intuition, hold out for the dream piece if you can! It’s powerful to be physically surrounded by items that are bring you inspiration, peace, and joy!”
what’s your favorite part about sustainable interior design?
“The BEST part of my job is having a client feel like I GET them, and can help them physically bring to life their vision in a way that aligns with their goals, habits, values, and the planet. Kathryn gave me the best compliment I’ve ever received when she said working together was “like therapy for my home!” Mission accomplished!”

what’s the most challenging part of sustainable interior design?
“Anyone trying to make more sustainable decisions at an individual level feels the pressure of comparison, and questions whether their actions make a difference in the face of governments and corporations that refuse to change (hi, it’s me, I feel the same!).”
“It’s EASY to find cheap, plastic, disposable home items on Amazon and other giant online retailers. They’re so readily available, it can feel daunting to find alternatives that better align with your values. But I trust that investing in long term pieces and styles I LOVE will help me spend and waste less over time.”
Fast furniture is quickly becoming a problem clogging our landfills: According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Americans alone threw out over 12 million tons of furniture and furnishings in 2018 (up from 2.2 million tons in 1960), and over 80% of it ended up in landfill. Lets not forget the carbon emissions caused by manufacturing and shipping.
For this reason, it’s important we choose pieces we intend to use for a long time – even better if they’re made to last and can be easily washed or repaired!
“…It’s been said that taking action is the antidote to anxiety, and I find that aligning my personal consumption decisions with my values helps me face my eco-anxiety every day.”
what’s one thing you recommend to everyone before they start their eco-friendly home renovation journey?
“Get to know yourself and your space!” Kozoyed encourages, “and think long term. If you’re staying for a good time and a long time, think about who you want to be over the next 5-10 years, so your investment into your physical space has the biggest impact and helps you get there!”
To learn more about sustainable interior design, be sure to check out Maddy Kozoyed’s website Whatsoever Things Are Lovely (WTL). If you’re thinking of eco-friendly home restoration or renovation, consider consulting with her for more personalized tips.
The post My Home Restoration: Sustainable Interior Design Choices I Recommend appeared first on Going Zero Waste.
My Home Restoration: Sustainable Interior Design Choices I Recommend
Green Living
Earth911 Inspiration: Love of Nature Transcends
This week’s quote is from Jimmy Carter, the 39th president of the U.S., philanthropist, and environmental advocate: “Like music and art, love of nature is a common language that can transcend political or social boundaries.”
Earth911 inspirations. Post them, share your desire to help people think of the planet first, every day. Click the poster to get a larger image.
This poster was originally published on February 7, 2020.
The post Earth911 Inspiration: Love of Nature Transcends appeared first on Earth911.
https://earth911.com/inspire/earth911-inspiration-love-of-nature-transcends-jimmy-carter/
Green Living
Outdoor Projects You Can DIY for Almost Nothing
It always strikes us as amusing how many DIY projects you see online that seem to require more time and more money than it would take to simply buy the thing they’re trying to DIY in the first place. Are we missing the point?
We think that doing things ourselves and taking back the power to create instead of simply consuming is absolutely vital to the green movement. But if you don’t already have the materials and spend a lot of money purchasing craft supplies, does it really make sense to DIY?
These eight projects are true do-it-yourself masterpieces. One-of-a-kind outdoor projects you can make for almost nothing, with supplies you most likely already have or can easily pick up second hand for a song. Roll up your sleeves and let’s get started!
1. Teapot/Teacup Bird Feeder

Do you have one of Grandma’s old tea sets lying around that doesn’t quite fit into the sleek modern aesthetic you’ve been cultivating? Put it to great use by feeding the birds in your area — in style.
Thrift stores are always awash in old china, so if you don’t already have the old tea set, consider going wild and spending a few bucks for this DIY delight. You’ll find blogger Dinah Wulf’s instructions for the teacup bird feeder at DIY Inspired.
Safety note: Use sturdy twine or cord — not chain — to hang the feeder. Birds can catch their toes in chain links, which causes serious injury. The National Audubon Society also recommends cleaning seed feeders every two weeks (more often in hot, humid weather) by scrubbing with soap and water and soaking in a 50-50 vinegar-water solution to prevent the spread of avian disease.
2. Gardening Tool Storage

What on earth do you do with those rusty-as-heck, old-school garden rakes hanging around your garage? Well, if you’re any sort of DIY genius, you press them into service as a gardening tool holder.
The original inspiration for this project came from Beth Logan at Artstuff Ltd., whose blog has since gone offline. For a current walkthrough, see the Repurposed Rake Tool Rack tutorial at DIY n Crafts (project #14 in their roundup of 25 ways to reuse old garden tools). The concept is embarrassingly simple — remove the rake handle, mount the head tines-out on a fence or garage wall, and use the tines themselves as hooks for trowels, gloves, and pruners — but eye-catching enough to make you look like a DIY pro.
3. Bottle Tree

Do you like wine? No, I mean do you really like wine? Do you want a reason to drink more of it? And does your garden need a cute border? This sustainable, upcycled garden border may be just the project for you. You might have to expand your drinking list to include bottles of various shapes, sizes, and colors — but variety is the spice of life.
When friends ask how you managed to collect so many bottles, just laugh gaily and then distract them with your dainty teacup bird feeder. The bottle tree tradition itself runs deep — Mississippi garden writer Felder Rushing traces the practice back through African American Southern folk art and, by his own research, as far as ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. See his bottle tree gallery and history for inspiration, or jump straight to his how-to guide for building one out of a cedar snag, rebar, or just about anything else.
4. Colorful Outdoor “Tiles”

If your backyard isn’t perfectly landscaped and manicured, with an impeccably tiled “outdoor living space,” don’t despair. You can use up all those half-empty paint cans and create a Pinterest-worthy colorful backdrop for evenings spent clustered around a fire or barbecue.
Pop a few coats of paint on cement tiles and you have a one-of-a-kind flooring solution. If you rent, the same effect could be achieved on a more temporary basis by letting the kids go wild with sidewalk chalk and create a mosaic masterpiece. Check out Elsie’s Painted Patio Tiles at A Beautiful Mess for the back story on this DIY idea. (Heads up: the original author noted she had to touch up the paint each spring in Missouri winters — a porch and patio floor enamel will hold up better than wall paint.)
5. Home Sweet Gnome

Okay, this one might be the least practical idea of the bunch, but that may be why I love it oh so much. If you have a stump in your backyard and you’re not willing or able to pay the truly insane amount it costs to have it ground down and removed, how about making it into a little gnome home? This is the perfect outdoor project if you have small children in your life.
Construct the trappings of a little house — door, windows, winding garden path — from found objects or natural materials, and affix them to the stump. Bonus points if you don’t tell the kids about this particular DIY project and allow them to simply stumble upon it one day in the garden. My mind would have been blown if I had come across one of these as a seven-year-old. For a step-by-step build, see this Gnome Tree Stump Home tutorial on Instructables.
Safety note: Don’t use an angle grinder to gouge windows or doors into a stump. Use a chisel and mallet for shallow detail work, or attach decorative pieces (driftwood, bark, polymer clay) to the outside instead.
6. Mosaic Stepping Stones from Broken China

Every household eventually accumulates a small graveyard of chipped mugs, a single survivor from a four-piece dinner set, or a beloved teapot with a hairline crack. Rather than tossing them — broken ceramics generally aren’t accepted in curbside recycling — embed them in concrete stepping stones for a garden path that’s genuinely one of a kind.
This pairs beautifully with the teacup project above: any teacups that don’t make it past Project #1 (you will break a few) can come back as paving. The DIY mosaic stepping stones tutorial at Gardening.org walks through the full process — breaking ceramics safely inside a drop cloth, sizing pieces to half-inch to one-inch fragments, pressing them into wet concrete, and sealing the surface so sharp edges don’t cause injury underfoot. Basic mold options include an old cake pan, a plastic plant saucer, or a purpose-built stepping stone form from a craft store.
Safety note: Wear safety glasses and heavy gloves when breaking ceramics. Once cured, run a finger over the surface to check for protruding edges and file or sand any down before placing the stone where bare feet might land.
7. Vertical Pallet Herb Garden
Shipping pallets are one of the world’s most abundant near-free materials. Small businesses, garden centers, and feed stores often have stacks of them out back, and asking politely beats the alternative of seeing them landfilled. Mounted vertically against a sunny wall or fence, a pallet becomes a stacked planter that holds enough herbs to keep a kitchen in basil, thyme, parsley, and chives all season.
Grit Magazine published a clear how-to for a vertical pallet planter — line the back and sides with landscape fabric or heavy plastic to hold soil, fill through the slats, and plant each gap as its own row. The gaps act as natural divisions, so different herbs don’t fight for the same root space.
Safety note: Use only heat-treated pallets for anything edible. Look for the IPPC stamp with the letters HT (heat treated) and avoid any stamped MB (methyl bromide — a fumigant restricted under the Montreal Protocol). Unstamped pallets are unknowns; skip them for food crops. The same heat-treated pallets are fine for ornamental flowers either way.
8. Punched Tin Can Lanterns
Steel food cans — soup, tomato, coffee — are one of the most recyclable materials on Earth, but the recycling-then-buying-something-decorative loop has plenty of slack in it. With nothing more than a hammer, a few nails of varying sizes, and the freezer, an empty can becomes an outdoor lantern that throws constellation patterns across a patio at dusk.
HGTV’s tin can lantern tutorial covers the trick that makes this project work: fill the can with water and freeze it solid before punching, so the ice supports the can wall and prevents denting. Sketch your pattern on paper, tape it to the frozen can, punch through with a nail at each marked dot, and let the ice thaw. Drop in a battery tealight (much safer outdoors than a real flame) and group them along a walkway or down the center of an outdoor table.
The Point of All This
None of these projects requires you to buy more than a tube of waterproof adhesive, a bag of concrete, or maybe a stepping stone mold. The materials — chipped china, leftover wine bottles, empty cans, a forgotten pallet, an old rake — are already in your house or someone else’s. That’s the point. The greenest project is the one that uses what already exists, and the best part is that yours will look like nobody else’s.
Editor’s Note: This article, originally authored by Madeleine Somerville on June 17, 2015, was updated with corrected links and new ideas in May 2026.
The post Outdoor Projects You Can DIY for Almost Nothing appeared first on Earth911.
https://earth911.com/diy/outdoor-projects-you-can-diy-for-almost-nothing/
Green Living
Best of Sustainability In Your Ear: Author Nadina Galle on The Nature of Our Cities
More than half the world’s population—4.4 billion people—live in cities today. That number is expected to rise to 80% by 2050. Our guest, Nadina Galle, is a trailblazing ecological engineer and author of The Nature of Our Cities. She is an ecological engineer who studies the intersection of nature and technology in urban environments. Nadina developed the concept of an Internet of Nature (IoN) that uses tools like artificial intelligence, automation, and sensors to support and enhance ecosystems within cities. Nadina’s book offers a transformative perspective on how urban spaces can be reimagined in the face of climate change and sprawling development. She shares the inspiring story of the Groene Loper project in Maastricht, Netherlands, where soil sensors were deployed to monitor tree health. The results were remarkable, with trees supported by this technology growing up to three times larger than those without it. This is a powerful example of how technology can not only protect trees but also transform urban spaces into healthier, greener environments.

From fire and the wheel to the reinforced concrete frames that define modern buildings, we are surrounded by technology. We tend to forget that technology emerged in response to nature — too often, we treated nature as the enemy, the chaos to be contained instead of recognizing that nature’s cycles and changes are the harmony we need to join to sustain society. The loss of any semblance of natural patterns, which ultimately leads to the depletion of the resources necessary for life, has inevitably led to the collapse of previous major civilizations. Modern society has more runway than previous societies because we have created a global economy, but that risks an even greater fall for our species when the ecological underpinnings of our prosperity collapse. The Nature of Our Cities, is a powerful, straightforward, and emotionally resonant book to help you think through your role and choices in the restoration of nature. You can find it on Amazon or Powell’s Books.
- Subscribe to Sustainability in Your Ear on iTunes and Apple Podcasts.
- Follow Sustainability in Your Ear on Spreaker, iHeartRadio, or YouTube.
Editor’s Note: This episode originally aired in December 2024.
The post Best of Sustainability In Your Ear: Author Nadina Galle on The Nature of Our Cities appeared first on Earth911.
https://earth911.com/podcast/earth911-podcast-nadina-galle-on-the-nature-of-our-cities/
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