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Forests growing along the edges of rivers in Brazil act as “highways” allowing tree species to traverse between the Atlantic and Amazon rainforests, a phenomenon that has been occurring for millions of years, according to new research led by University of Exeter and Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE).

Hundreds of miles of savanna and dry forest separate the two forests, where most rainforest tree species are unable to survive, a press release from University of Exeter said.

“Rather than tree species being exchanged during specific wetter periods in the past, we found that species have dispersed consistently over time,” said Dr. James Nicholls, a biodiversity genomics scientist with RBGE, in the press release. “This probably happens slowly, by generations of trees growing along the ‘highways’ provided by rivers that run through Brazil’s dry ecosystems.”

Before the study, scientists had believed that tree species only moved between the Atlantic and Amazon rainforests long ago, when Earth’s climate was wetter and a large swath of South America was rainforest.

However, the new study tells a different tale.

The research team — which included Brazilian scientists — studied 164 Inga tree species, commonly found in Latin American rainforests.

Through DNA analysis, the team was able to reconstruct the “family tree” of the trees, which enabled them to see when each of the species split from its ancestors. The researchers then mapped the location of each tree species, allowing them to discover patterns of movement between rainforests.

Images of Inga demonstrating biological characteristics and the humid forest adaptations of this genus. Clockwise from top left: flowers of I. sessilis from the Mata Atlântica; I. cinnamomea from Amazônia showing the fleshy sarcotesta, an adaptation facilitating primate dispersal; germinating naked I. edulis seeds, Amazônia, showing lack of drought adaptations; I. affinis growing alongside a river in Central Brazil, showing riverside habitat traversing drier cerrado vegetation; large edible legume of I. spectabilis, Amazônia; flowers of I. lineata, Amazônia. All photos by R.T. Pennington.

From 16 to 20 “dispersal events” were discovered, when tree species that came from the Amazon to the Atlantic rainforest successfully established themselves. These events happened throughout the Inga tree species’ evolutionary history, not only during periods of humid forest cover over much of Brazil.

On the other hand, the research team found just one or two occurrences of species moving from the Atlantic rainforest to the Amazon. They believe this may be a reflection of the forests’ relative size — the vast Amazon produces a bigger outflow of tree seeds.

The findings of the study highlight the importance of riverside forest conservation. Riverside forests are protected under Brazilian law.

“This legal protection – and efforts to preserve these riverside forests – are highly valuable for long-term habitat connectivity,” said professor of tropical plant diversity and biogeography Toby Pennington with University of Exeter’s Global Systems Institute and RGBE, in the press release. “The study also tells us something fundamental about the history of the incredible biodiversity of the Atlantic rainforest, which contains about 3,000 more plant species than the Brazilian Amazon. Only 20% of the Atlantic rainforest now remains intact. In the short term, we need to protect these precious rainforests. In the long term, our study shows that we must also conserve the connections between them.”

The paper, “Continuous colonization of the Atlantic coastal rain forests of South America from Amazônia,” was published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B.

The post Hidden ‘Highways’ Connect Brazilian Rainforests, Aiding Dispersal of Tree Species, Research Reveals appeared first on EcoWatch.

https://www.ecowatch.com/brazil-rainforests-hidden-connections-tree-species.html

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6 Best Non Toxic Diapers For Babies

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Last Updated on October 15, 2025

Did you know the average newborn goes through 10-12 diapers per day? That’s a lot of waste – and a lot of time spent in diapers.

Most babies have more sensitive skin than adults, as their skin hasn’t fully developed yet. The protective hydrolipidic film is still very thin, which makes infant skin more vulnerable to harsh external factors.

Best Non Toxic Diapers For Babies

Some of the links in this post are affiliate links; for more information please see my disclosure policy.

Those external factors include diapers. Babies spend a lot of time getting in (and out) of them. So it’s important to choose non toxic diapers that are gentle on both skin and planet. Here are the best non toxic diapers on the market.

which diapers are the least toxic?

The diapers that are least toxic include ones made from plant-based or cotton materials. Look for brands that omit harsh chemicals like chlorine, phthalates, and PFAs.

Many diaper components are made up of plastic, which is hard to avoid in the name of efficiency.

That being said, it’s best to choose diapers from brands that minimize the amount of plastic in their products. Plastic materials can emit VOCs known to harm health.

Here are some general guidelines to adhere to when choosing diapers:

  • Choose diapers that disclose the ingredients (some don’t!). Avoid anything with fragrance, lotion, or other skin-conditioning adhesives.
  • Look for brands that minimize the amount of plastic in their products.
  • Consider cloth diapers, ideally made from organic cotton.
  • Opt for brands that use unbleached pulp or pulp bleached without chlorine
  • Try to choose plain, undyed diapers with minimal designs (dyes can be contaminated with toxic heavy metals).
  • Check for certifications like Forest Stewardship Council or EWG certified.
Best Non-Toxic Diapers For Babies

is Huggies or Pampers less toxic?

In terms of being less toxic, Huggies has stated all of their diapers are free of fragrances, phthalates, parabens, and elemental chlorine. They’ve also partnered with Terracycle to offer plastic film recycling options.

Pampers diapers are made without parabens, natural rubber latex and elemental chlorine. But only their Pure diapers are made without fragrance (and many mothers online have complained of Pampers’ strong scent).

However, Pampers’ factories are zero manufacturing waste to landfill and they use FSC certified wood pulp.

Both brands list their ingredients on their websites, so definitely read them for yourself before making a purchase. Just be mindful both brands also use colorants and printing inks to make designs and/or color change technology.

which diaper brands are safe for babies?

The diaper brands safe for babies are listed below. There’s a mix of disposable and cloth diapers, so there’s something for everyone.

However, be mindful that every baby is different and what works for one, doesn’t always work for another. For example, certain brands may fit your baby like a glove, whereas others may be too big: It’s all about experimenting and finding what works for your baby.

You can use this list as a starting point to help you choose a better, safer choice for your child. None of the brands listed here use fragrance, parabens, or other harsh chemicals.

I’ve gone ahead and highlighted some of my favorite features of each brand, but it isn’t an exhaustive list. Be sure to check out their websites for more information.

Also, if you cloth diaper, don’t forget to consider eco-friendly baby detergent brands because you’ll be doing a bit more laundry!

Healthy Baby: Best Non-Toxic Diapers For Babies

1. healthy baby

  • Offers disposable and cloth diapering options
  • Six sizes, not including newborn (N or N/1)
  • Plant-based materials including organic cotton + FSC certified pulp
  • 12 hour leak protection
  • No chemical wetness indicator
  • EWG certified

Dyper: Best Non-Toxic Diapers For Babies

2. dyper

  • Disposable diapers
  • Six sizes, not including newborn (NB)
  • Plant-based materials, including FSC-certified pulp
  • 12-hour leak protection
  • No inks, prints or dyes
  • Offers REDYPER service to compost diapers through weekly pickup

Cotorie: Best Non-Toxic Diapers For Babies

3. coterie

  • Disposable diapers
  • Seven sizes, not including newborn (N or N+1)
  • 25% plant-based, made with wood pulp from sustainably manages forests
  • 12-hour leak protection 
  • Wetness indicator
  • Cruelty-free
  • OEKO-TEX STANDARD 100 Certified

Esembly baby: Best Non-Toxic Diapers For Babies

4. esembly baby

  • Cloth diapers
  • Two sizes, based on pounds
  • Made of organic cotton + upcycled TPU
  • Recommended to change an awake baby every 2-3 hours
  • Wet bags sold separately to hold dirty diapers while out
  • Pre-loved options to buy and sell available

Terra: Best Non-Toxic Diapers For Babies

5. terra

  • Disposable diapers
  • Six sizes
  • 85% plant-based, including FSC-certified pulp
  • 12-hour leak-proof protection
  • Plant-based wetness indicator
  • Ink on product + packaging is food grade
  • Packaging is made from recyclable kraft paper + rice

Freestyle: Best Non-Toxic Diapers For Babies

6. freestyle

  • Disposable diapers 
  • Six sizes
  • 7-layer protection for 14x better absorption
  • Delivered in 1 month long supplies 
  • FSC certified pulp
  • EWG verified

Which of these sustainable diaper options would you choose? Let me know in the comments!

The post 6 Best Non Toxic Diapers For Babies appeared first on Going Zero Waste.

6 Best Non Toxic Diapers For Babies

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The Many Layers of Personal Style

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Personal style is a dance between dualities: fashion as art and fashion as function; clothing as self-expression and clothing for our circumstances.

Style is a medium for communication and self-expression, yes. But it’s also shaped by the environments and requirements around us, from workplace dress codes to city cultures, climates, and specific occassions.

In last Saturday’s workshop, where we talked about how to remix what you already have in your closet, attendees shared a common challenge:

How do you balance your personal style expression while dressing for the various situations and environments we operate in?

“I’ve found above all else my style is highly influenced by my environment (my job, my city etc.)—sometimes it becomes about ‘fitting in’ and losing individuality”

I find I’m too led by my day-to-day lifestyle. I WFH and so often I just don’t get dressed at all.”

There are too many applications: workout, work, at home, formal occasion.”

Style as Identity vs. Style as Communication

It’s no wonder style and getting dressed can feel so confusing.

In the personal style world, we learn to dress for who we are on the inside. And then we see the style rules in fashion media: here’s how to dress for this season, this dress code, this city.

And in our real lives, we have real dress codes we might have to follow, whether for a workplace or a wedding.

But what if all those sides conflict?

  • If my style words are “casual” or “sporty” but I’m in a workplace 40+ hours a week that requires business formal, where does that leave my personal style?
  • If I love vibrant and artsy looks, but I live in a city full of neutrals, what do I wear?

It’s no surprise it feels… complicated.

Here’s my take.

We’re Not One-Dimensional — Neither is Our Style

Sometimes I want to disconnect and live in cottage in the mountains, surrounded by more trees than people. Other days I dream of having an apartment in the center of Paris where I see more people in a day than live in my hometown.

I’m light, joyful, maybe even quirky with friends. I’m ambitious, intentional, perhaps more serious in work. There are times I feel it’s best to soften and let it go; other times it feels most aligned to be unapologetically outspoken.

We are human. We’re social creatures. We’re complex and full of contradictions.

Social media has trained us to fit people into neat boxes because “niche” is what performs in the algorithm.

In real life, though, our “authentic” selves aren’t so one-dimensional.

I’m not speaking to new networking contacts the same exact way I talk to my best friend I’ve known for years. That doesn’t mean I’m pretending to be someone else. It just means I’m showing up a bit differently depending on the context.

Similarly, our personal style doesn’t have to be expressed in one singular way.

That’s what’s beautiful about fashion! We have the opportunity to express ourselves a bit differently each and every time we get dressed.

What we wear might ebb and flow with a situation, the season, or our mood. There are common threads, but differentiators too.

Three distinctly different looks can all be authentic.

For me, personal style isn’t about being setting such rigid parameters that we can no longer embrace our multi-dimensional nature.

And there’s undoubtedly the layers of privilege at work here too. Is it safe to dress in alignment with your true identity in that particular situation? Will you be taken seriously? Could there be repercussions?

There’s a lot to untangle when it comes to what we wear.

Making Our Multi-Dimensional Style Practical

As I shared in last week’s workshops, style is many layers. The four I see it through are the vibe, the shapes, the colors & textures, and our lifestyle & values.

The aesthetic reflects your vibe, mood or style adjectives.

  • For example, my vibe or adjectives are feminine, structured, grounded.

The shapes are the fits, silhouettes, and proportions you love.

  • I often wear outfits with a straight silhouette or tailored fit balanced with a relaxed, flowy, or drapey element.

Colors & textures include your preferred palettes, fabrics, and the way materials feel.

  • I prefer wearing natural fibers when possible. I like gold jewelry, and I feel more aligned in lower contrast looks. Lighter colors for day. Sometimes darker for evening or certain events.

The lifestyle & values element is the consideration of your actual day-to-day. What situations and environments are you dressing for? What is important to you?

  • I work from home so comfort is key most of the time. I value slow fashion practices — rewearing, repairing, and supporting circular practices and sustainably-minded brands.

Once you understand these layers of your style, the next step is figuring out how to apply them in real-life situations.

Applying Your Style to the Situation

In last week’s workshops, I talked about the role of outfit templates here for various situations. What is the foundational blueprint of what you might wear to your office, working from home, in a school setting, at home, running errands, and so on?

There are opportunities to bring in the layers of your personal style in these various situations, but it does require some intentionally on the outset. Otherwise, it’s easy to fall into our old patterns or copy what others around us wear. (Even subconsciously, as fashion psychologist Shakaila Forbes-Bell has shared!)

Here’s one of my work-from-home outfit templates that balances style and situational needs:

  • Blouse with feminine detail: I start with the top for Zoom calls!
  • Straight-leg bottoms: this could be jeans, colorful pants, or a column skirt
  • Slim shoes: the general “slim” descriptor makes it versatile across seasons
  • Structured bag: an option to add polish when coworking at a café

By thinking in these various layers (vibe, shapes, colors & textures, and lifestyle & values) you can build outfits that feel authentic to you while fitting the constraints of the external situation.

What About One-Off Unique Situations?

Like this Wednesday evening, I spoke on a “Sustainable Fashion in Action” panel with Chicago Climate Connect during Sustainable Fashion Week Chicago. But the panel was also taking place at the Patagonia x Worn Wear store.

So the vibe was professional meets fashion, but also kinda casual?! And we are still in the Midwest here. I have to say, this one wasn’t easy.

But here’s the step-by-step thought process that helped me balance my style, function, and a unique-to-me context.

  1. I picked a foundational piece: My navy wide-leg trousers were business casual without being too formal and were practical for train travel.
  2. And functional accessories:My old Coach bag fits everything and my chunky Veja sneakers matched the vibe I was going for so those were the picks.
  3. Then a piece that brought it all together:At this point I was mixing high-contrast colors (white with navy & black) and different vibes (trousers vs. sneakers). I felt like I needed a bridge for the outfit, and this navy-striped vest tied it all together.
  4. Finally, some final touches: Gold jewelry made the look feel more “me”, while this cap from Abbie at The Filtery made it all feel effortless.

In the end, this outfit took a lot longer to create than a typical look.

It took longer to create than my usual outfits, but it felt just right. The combination was practical, suited my style, fit the vibe of the panel, and aligned with the weather.

The panel from left to right: Mireya Fouché (co-founder of Monarch Thrift Shop), me (mostly repping Conscious Fashion Collective), Macaila Britton (Sustainable Fashion Week Chicago) and Mackenzie Siren (Chicago Climate Connect)

This panel outfit reminded me that style is what we wear to express ourselves, but it’s also a tool to help us navigate our lives. By thinking through these layers of personal style (vibe, shapes, colors, textures, and lifestyle needs) we can balance showing up authentically while honoring the nuances or navigating the constraints of a situation.

For me, that’s the real power of personal style.

One single outfit can’t tell the whole story of who we are. But personal style can be flexible, functional, and expressive of the many sides of our multi-dimensional nature.

So lately, more than asking “does this outfit perfectly express my full self?” I’ve been finding myself asking:

Does this outfit help me show up in the way I want to? Does it say what I want it to say in this particular moment?

The post The Many Layers of Personal Style appeared first on .

The Many Layers of Personal Style

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You’re multi-dimensional. So is your style.

Published

on

Personal style is a dance between dualities: fashion as art and fashion as function; clothing as self-expression and clothing for our circumstances.

Style is a medium for communication and self-expression, yes. But it’s also shaped by the environments and requirements around us, from workplace dress codes to city cultures, climates, and specific occassions.

In last Saturday’s workshop, where we talked about how to remix what you already have in your closet, attendees shared a common challenge:

How do you balance your personal style expression while dressing for the various situations and environments we operate in?

“I’ve found above all else my style is highly influenced by my environment (my job, my city etc.)—sometimes it becomes about ‘fitting in’ and losing individuality”

I find I’m too led by my day-to-day lifestyle. I WFH and so often I just don’t get dressed at all.”

There are too many applications: workout, work, at home, formal occasion.”

Style as Identity vs. Style as Communication

It’s no wonder style and getting dressed can feel so confusing.

In the personal style world, we learn to dress for who we are on the inside. And then we see the style rules in fashion media: here’s how to dress for this season, this dress code, this city.

And in our real lives, we have real dress codes we might have to follow, whether for a workplace or a wedding.

But what if all those sides conflict?

  • If my style words are “casual” or “sporty” but I’m in a workplace 40+ hours a week that requires business formal, where does that leave my personal style?
  • If I love vibrant and artsy looks, but I live in a city full of neutrals, what do I wear?

It’s no surprise it feels… complicated.

Here’s my take.

We’re Not One-Dimensional — Neither is Our Style

Sometimes I want to disconnect and live in cottage in the mountains, surrounded by more trees than people. Other days I dream of having an apartment in the center of Paris where I see more people in a day than live in my hometown.

I’m light, joyful, maybe even quirky with friends. I’m ambitious, intentional, perhaps more serious in work. There are times I feel it’s best to soften and let it go; other times it feels most aligned to be unapologetically outspoken.

We are human. We’re social creatures. We’re complex and full of contradictions.

Social media has trained us to fit people into neat boxes because “niche” is what performs in the algorithm.

In real life, though, our “authentic” selves aren’t so one-dimensional.

I’m not speaking to new networking contacts the same exact way I talk to my best friend I’ve known for years. That doesn’t mean I’m pretending to be someone else. It just means I’m showing up a bit differently depending on the context.

Similarly, our personal style doesn’t have to be expressed in one singular way.

That’s what’s beautiful about fashion! We have the opportunity to express ourselves a bit differently each and every time we get dressed.

What we wear might ebb and flow with a situation, the season, or our mood. There are common threads, but differentiators too.

Three distinctly different looks can all be authentic.

For me, personal style isn’t about being setting such rigid parameters that we can no longer embrace our multi-dimensional nature.

And there’s undoubtedly the layers of privilege at work here too. Is it safe to dress in alignment with your true identity in that particular situation? Will you be taken seriously? Could there be repercussions?

There’s a lot to untangle when it comes to what we wear.

Making Our Multi-Dimensional Style Practical

As I shared in last week’s workshops, style is many layers. The four I see it through are the vibe, the shapes, the colors & textures, and our lifestyle & values.

The aesthetic reflects your vibe, mood or style adjectives.

  • For example, my vibe or adjectives are feminine, structured, grounded.

The shapes are the fits, silhouettes, and proportions you love.

  • I often wear outfits with a straight silhouette or tailored fit balanced with a relaxed, flowy, or drapey element.

Colors & textures include your preferred palettes, fabrics, and the way materials feel.

  • I prefer wearing natural fibers when possible. I like gold jewelry, and I feel more aligned in lower contrast looks. Lighter colors for day. Sometimes darker for evening or certain events.

The lifestyle & values element is the consideration of your actual day-to-day. What situations and environments are you dressing for? What is important to you?

  • I work from home so comfort is key most of the time. I value slow fashion practices — rewearing, repairing, and supporting circular practices and sustainably-minded brands.

Once you understand these layers of your style, the next step is figuring out how to apply them in real-life situations.

Applying Your Style to the Situation

In last week’s workshops, I talked about the role of outfit templates here for various situations. What is the foundational blueprint of what you might wear to your office, working from home, in a school setting, at home, running errands, and so on?

There are opportunities to bring in the layers of your personal style in these various situations, but it does require some intentionally on the outset. Otherwise, it’s easy to fall into our old patterns or copy what others around us wear. (Even subconsciously, as fashion psychologist Shakaila Forbes-Bell has shared!)

Here’s one of my work-from-home outfit templates that balances style and situational needs:

  • Blouse with feminine detail: I start with the top for Zoom calls!
  • Straight-leg bottoms: this could be jeans, colorful pants, or a column skirt
  • Slim shoes: the general “slim” descriptor makes it versatile across seasons
  • Structured bag: an option to add polish when coworking at a café

By thinking in these various layers (vibe, shapes, colors & textures, and lifestyle & values) you can build outfits that feel authentic to you while fitting the constraints of the external situation.

What About One-Off Unique Situations?

Like this Wednesday evening, I spoke on a “Sustainable Fashion in Action” panel with Chicago Climate Connect during Sustainable Fashion Week Chicago. But the panel was also taking place at the Patagonia x Worn Wear store.

So the vibe was professional meets fashion, but also kinda casual?! And we are still in the Midwest here. I have to say, this one wasn’t easy.

But here’s the step-by-step thought process that helped me balance my style, function, and a unique-to-me context.

  1. I picked a foundational piece: My navy wide-leg trousers were business casual without being too formal and were practical for train travel.
  2. And functional accessories:My old Coach bag fits everything and my chunky Veja sneakers matched the vibe I was going for so those were the picks.
  3. Then a piece that brought it all together:At this point I was mixing high-contrast colors (white with navy & black) and different vibes (trousers vs. sneakers). I felt like I needed a bridge for the outfit, and this navy-striped vest tied it all together.
  4. Finally, some final touches: Gold jewelry made the look feel more “me”, while this cap from Abbie at The Filtery made it all feel effortless.

In the end, this outfit took a lot longer to create than a typical look.

It took longer to create than my usual outfits, but it felt just right. The combination was practical, suited my style, fit the vibe of the panel, and aligned with the weather.

The panel from left to right: Mireya Fouché (co-founder of Monarch Thrift Shop), me (mostly repping Conscious Fashion Collective), Macaila Britton (Sustainable Fashion Week Chicago) and Mackenzie Siren (Chicago Climate Connect)

This panel outfit reminded me that style is what we wear to express ourselves, but it’s also a tool to help us navigate our lives. By thinking through these layers of personal style (vibe, shapes, colors, textures, and lifestyle needs) we can balance showing up authentically while honoring the nuances or navigating the constraints of a situation.

For me, that’s the real power of personal style.

One single outfit can’t tell the whole story of who we are. But personal style can be flexible, functional, and expressive of the many sides of our multi-dimensional nature.

So lately, more than asking “does this outfit perfectly express my full self?” I’ve been finding myself asking:

Does this outfit help me show up in the way I want to? Does it say what I want it to say in this particular moment?

The post You’re multi-dimensional. So is your style. appeared first on .

You’re multi-dimensional. So is your style.

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