Renewable energy will take the lead in the UK power mix for the first full year in 2024, according to an analysis by global energy think tank Ember. This means 2024 will be the first full year where UK low-carbon renewable sources like wind, solar, and hydropower generated more electricity than fossil fuels. This milestone marks a significant shift in the energy landscape, with wind generation likely to be the country’s largest power source, edging out gas.
Elaborating further on the report, in 2024, wind, solar, and hydropower generated 37% of the UK’s electricity (103 TWh), compared to 35% (97 TWh) from fossil fuels. This marked a significant leap from 2021 when fossil fuels produced 46% of electricity and renewables just 27%.
Fossil Fuels Face Sharp Decline
The Ember report showcased record-low power generation from fossil fuel, which fell by two-thirds since 2000. The decline in fossil fuel reliance was driven by a combination of increased renewable capacity, lower electricity demand, and cheaper imports.
Gas power, which accounted for 34% of electricity in 2023, dropped to 30% in 2024—the lowest level since 1996. This represents a 13% decline (13 TWh) year-on-year, marking one of the largest falls outside of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Most significantly, the UK’s coal phaseout also played a critical role. The country closed its last coal-fired power plant in 2024, joining the ranks of one-third of OECD nations now coal-free. The Ember study highlighted the rapid decline of coal power since 2012, culminating in zero coal generation by October 2024.

The Sad Tale of Crumbling Coal
UK’s Department of Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ) issued a Statistical Release on September 26, 2024, highlighting the downfall of coal throughout the second quarter of this year.
- In Q2 2024, overall coal production in the UK fell to only 19,000 tonnes. This marks an 84% decrease compared to the same period in 2023.
With the closure of the last major surface mine, Ffos-Y-Fran, at the end of November 2023, there’s now no large-scale surface mining left in the UK. Despite a slight rise in coal demand by electricity generators—up 6.6% from the previous year to 135,000 tons—coal still accounted for less than 1% of the UK’s electricity generation during this period.
Meanwhile, coal imports also saw a sharp decline, dropping to 315,000 tons, the lowest level since the 1970s. This is a 55% decrease compared to the same quarter in 2023.
Coal Consumption: Energy Trends
Source: DESNZ
Gusts of Change: Wind Takes the Top Spot
In 2024, wind generated 29% of the UK’s electricity (82 TWh) and gas 30% (85 TWh). With only a 1% difference between the two sources, the race is too close to call, with final totals depending on December’s weather conditions, wind speeds, and power demand.
Onshore Winds Surge, Offshore Winds Slow
The growth in wind power generation has been steady, with a 1.5% increase in total output in 2024, largely driven by an expansion of onshore wind capacity. Onshore wind generation saw a 23% rise in the first three quarters of the year, marking the second-largest growth since 2017.
New additions, such as the 443 MW Viking Wind Farm on the Shetland Islands, have contributed to this surge. Furthermore, the lifting of the onshore wind ban in England in July 2024 is expected to further accelerate capacity expansion.
- In total, 590 MW of new onshore wind capacity has been added in 2024, with an additional 78 MW expected by the end of the year.
While onshore wind is seeing rapid growth, offshore wind has experienced a slower pace in 2024. No new offshore projects have come online this year, though partial developments like Dogger Bank, Neart na Gaoithe, and Moray West are already feeding power into the grid.
However, the future of offshore wind is not gloomy at all. Several large offshore wind farms of 3.8 GW of combined capacity are in the pipeline for completion between 2025 and 2026. This shows offshore wind will have a significant impact on the UK’s energy mix in the coming years.
Change in renewable generation and capacity between Q2 2023 and Q2 2024
Source: DESNZ
Solar Dips, Hydro Soars: A Mixed Bag for Renewables
DENZ report revealed that solar generation saw a 9.5% drop, despite adding 2.1 GW of new capacity, primarily due to a 20% decrease in average sun hours compared to last year. Among the new installations, 1.4 GW came from solar PV, including several new sites like Litchardon Cross, Gorse Lane, Sutton Bridge, Burwell, Porth Wen, and Thaxted.
On the other hand, hydro generation surged by 38% due to a significant increase in rainfall, which was the highest for Q2 since 2016.
In bioenergy, overall generation rose by 29%, despite no new capacity. Plant biomass alone saw a 47% increase, recovering from low levels in the previous year due to plant outages.
A Low-Carbon Future Takes Shape Amid Challenges
The UK is set to achieve 95% low-carbon electricity by 2030, with wind, solar, and hydropower playing a key role. However, the report has highlighted a major concern over biomass carbon emissions and its reliance on imports that might affect this shift.
Similarly, challenges in the wind sector like grid limitations and payment cutdowns (e.g. to the Viking Wind Farm) remain. These issues hinder wind generation during periods of low demand, especially in Scotland, where much of the UK’s onshore wind capacity is located.
However, the UK can overcome these challenges with more offshore projects and increased onshore capacity with reliable financial backing. By 2030, wind can inevitably lead the UK’s transition to a low-carbon grid, supporting its renewable energy goals.
Data Sources:
- UK low-carbon renewable power set to overtake fossil fuels for first time | Ember
- DESNZ Energy Trends September 2024
- FURTHER READING: Sweden’s 100 GW Offshore Wind Power Ambition: Unlocking a Renewable Energy Powerhouse
The post UK Renewables Outshine Fossil Fuels in 2024: Wind Wears the Crown appeared first on Carbon Credits.
Carbon Footprint
Philippines Taps Blue Carbon and Biodiversity Credits to Protect Coasts and Climate
The Philippines is stepping up efforts to protect its coastal ecosystems. The government recently advanced its National Blue Carbon Action Partnership (NBCAP) Roadmap. This plan aims to conserve and restore mangroves, seagrass beds, and tidal marshes. It also explores biodiversity credits — a new market linked to nature conservation.
Blue carbon refers to the carbon stored in coastal and marine ecosystems. These habitats can hold large amounts of carbon in plants and soil. Mangroves, for example, store carbon at much higher rates than many land forests. Protecting them reduces greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
Biodiversity credits are a related concept. They reward actions that protect or restore species and ecosystems. They work alongside carbon credits but focus more on ecosystem health and species diversity. Markets for biodiversity credits are being discussed globally as a complement to carbon markets.
Why the Philippines Is Targeting Blue Carbon
The Philippines is rich in coastal ecosystems. It has more than 327,000 hectares of mangroves along its shores. These areas protect coastlines from storms, support fisheries, and store carbon.
Mangroves and seagrasses also support high levels of biodiversity. Many fish, birds, and marine species depend on these habitats. Restoring these ecosystems helps conserve species and supports local food systems.
The NBCAP Roadmap was handed over to the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) during the Philippine Mangrove Conference 2026. The roadmap is a strategy to protect blue carbon ecosystems while linking them to climate goals and local livelihoods.
DENR Undersecretary, Atty. Analiza Rebuelta-Teh, remarked during the turnover:
“This Roadmap reflects the Philippines’ strong commitment to advancing blue carbon accounting and delivering tangible impact for coastal communities.”
Edwina Garchitorena, country director of ZSL Philippines, which will oversee its implementation, also commented:
“The handover of the NBCAP Roadmap to the DENR represents a turning point in advancing blue carbon action and strengthening the Philippines’ leadership in coastal conservation in the region.”
The plan highlights four main pillars:
- Science, technology, and innovation.
- Policy and governance.
- Communication and community engagement.
- Finance and sustainable livelihoods.
These pillars aim to strengthen coastal resilience, support community well‑being, and align blue carbon action with national climate commitments.
What Blue Carbon Credits Could Mean for Markets
Globally, blue carbon markets are growing. These markets allow coastal restoration projects to sell carbon credits. Projects that preserve or restore mangroves, seagrass meadows, and tidal marshes can generate credits. Buyers pay for these credits to offset emissions.
According to Grand View Research, the global blue carbon market was valued at US$2.42 million in 2025. It is projected to reach US$14.79 million by 2033, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of almost 25%.

The Asia Pacific region led the market in 2025, with 39% of global revenue, due to its extensive coastal ecosystems and government support. Within the market, mangroves accounted for 68% of revenue, reflecting their high carbon storage capacity.
Blue carbon credits belong to the voluntary carbon market. Companies purchase these credits to offset emissions they can’t eliminate right now. Buyers are often motivated by sustainability goals and environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) standards.
Experts at the UN Environment Programme say these blue habitats can capture carbon 4x faster than forests:

Why Biodiversity Credits Matter: Rewarding Species, Strengthening Ecosystems
Carbon credits aim to cut greenhouse gases. In contrast, biodiversity credits focus on saving species and habitats. These credits reward projects that improve ecosystem health and may be used alongside carbon markets to attract finance for nature.
Biodiversity credits are particularly relevant in the Philippines, one of 17 megadiverse countries. The nation is home to thousands of unique plant and animal species. Supporting biodiversity through market mechanisms can strengthen conservation efforts while also supporting local communities.
Globally, biodiversity credit markets are still developing. Organizations such as the Biodiversity Credit Alliance are creating standards to ensure transparency, equity, and measurable outcomes. They want to link private investment to good environmental outcomes. They also respect the rights of local communities and indigenous peoples.
These markets complement carbon markets. They can support conservation efforts. This boosts ecosystem resilience and protects species while also capturing carbon.
Together with blue carbon credits, they form part of a broader nature-based solution to climate change and biodiversity loss. A report by the Ecosystem Marketplace estimates the potential carbon abatement for every type of blue carbon solution by 2050.

Science, Policy, and Funding: The Roadblocks Ahead
Building blue carbon and biodiversity credit markets is not easy. There are several challenges ahead for the Philippines.
One key challenge is measurement and verification. To sell carbon or biodiversity credits, projects must prove they deliver real and measurable benefits. This requires science‑based methods and monitoring systems.
Another challenge is finance. Case studies reveal that creating a blue carbon action roadmap in the Philippines may need around US$1 million. This funding will help set up essential systems and support initial actions.
Policy frameworks are also needed. Laws and rules must support credit issuance, protect local rights, and ensure fair sharing of benefits. Coordination across government agencies, local communities, and investors will be important.
Stakeholder engagement is key. The NBCAP Roadmap and related forums involve scientists, policymakers, civil society, and private sector partners. This teamwork approach makes sure actions are based on science, inclusive, and fair in the long run.
Looking Ahead: Coastal Conservation as Climate Strategy
Blue carbon and biodiversity credits could provide multiple benefits for the Philippines. Protecting and restoring coastal habitats reduces greenhouse gases, conserves species, and supports local economies. Coastal ecosystems also provide natural defenses against storms and rising seas.
If blue carbon and biodiversity credit markets grow, they could fund coastal conservation at scale while supporting global climate targets. Biodiversity credits could further enhance ecosystem protection by linking nature’s intrinsic value to market mechanisms.
The market also involves climate finance and corporate buyers looking for quality credits. Additionally, international development partners focused on coastal resilience may join in.
For the Philippines, the next few years will be critical. Implementing the NBCAP roadmap, establishing credit systems, and strengthening governance could unlock new opportunities for climate action, sustainable development, and regional leadership in blue carbon finance.
The post Philippines Taps Blue Carbon and Biodiversity Credits to Protect Coasts and Climate appeared first on Carbon Credits.
Carbon Footprint
Global EV Sales Set to Hit 50% by 2030 Amid Oil Shock While CATL Leads Batteries
The global electric vehicle (EV) market is gaining speed again. A sharp rise in oil prices, triggered by the recent U.S.–Iran conflict in early 2026, has changed how consumers think about fuel and mobility. What looked like a slow market just months ago is now showing strong signs of recovery.
According to SNE Research’s latest report, this sudden shift in energy markets is pushing EV adoption faster than expected. Rising gasoline costs and uncertainty about future oil supply are driving buyers toward electric cars. As a result, the EV transition is no longer gradual—it is accelerating.
Oil Price Shock Changes Consumer Behavior
The conflict in the Middle East sent oil markets into turmoil. Gasoline prices jumped quickly, rising from around 1,600–1,700 KRW per liter to as high as 2,200 KRW. This sudden spike acted as a wake-up call for many drivers.
Consumers who once hesitated to switch to EVs are now rethinking their choices. High and unstable fuel prices have made traditional gasoline vehicles less attractive. At the same time, EVs now look more cost-effective and reliable over the long term.
SNE Research noted that even if oil prices stabilize later, the fear of future spikes will remain. This uncertainty is a key driver behind early EV adoption. People no longer want to depend on volatile fuel markets.
EV Growth Forecasts Get a Major Boost
SNE Research has revised its global EV outlook. The firm now expects faster adoption across the decade.
- EV market penetration is projected to reach 29% in 2026, up from an earlier estimate of 27%.
- By 2027, the share could jump to 35%, instead of the previously expected 30%.
- Most importantly, EVs are now expected to cross 50% of new car sales by 2030, earlier than prior forecasts.
The post Global EV Sales Set to Hit 50% by 2030 Amid Oil Shock While CATL Leads Batteries appeared first on Carbon Credits.
Carbon Footprint
AI Data Centers Power Crisis: Massive Energy Demand Threatens Emissions Targets and Latest Delays Signal Market Shift
The rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI) is creating a new challenge for global energy systems. AI data centers now require far more electricity than traditional computing facilities. This surge in demand is putting pressure on power grids and raising concerns about whether climate targets can still be met.
Large AI data centers typically need 100 to 300 megawatts (MW) of continuous power. In contrast, conventional data centers use around 10-50 MW. This makes AI facilities up to 10x more energy-intensive, depending on the scale and workload.
AI Data Centers Are Driving a Sharp Rise in Power Demand
The increase is happening quickly. The International Energy Agency estimates that global data center electricity use reached about 415 terawatt-hours (TWh) in 2024. That number could rise to more than 1,000 TWh by 2026, largely driven by AI applications such as machine learning, cloud computing, and generative models. 
At that level, data centers would consume as much electricity as an entire mid-sized country like Japan.
In the United States, the impact is also growing. Data centers could account for 6% to 8% of total electricity demand by 2030, based on utility projections and grid operator estimates. AI is expected to drive most of that increase as companies continue to scale infrastructure to support new applications.
Training large AI models is especially energy-intensive. Some estimates say an advanced model can use millions of kilowatt-hours (kWh) just for training. For instance, training GPT-3 needs roughly 1.287 million kWh, and Google’s PaLM at about 3.4 million kWh. Analytical estimates suggest training newer models like GPT-4 may require between 50 million and over 100 million kWh.
That is equal to the annual electricity use of hundreds of households. When combined with ongoing usage, known as inference, total energy consumption rises even further.

This rapid growth is creating a gap between electricity demand and available supply. It is also raising questions about how the technology sector can expand while staying aligned with global climate goals.
The Grid Bottleneck: Why Data Centers Are Waiting Years for Power
Power demand from AI is rising faster than grid infrastructure can support. Utilities in key regions are now facing a surge in interconnection requests from technology companies building new data centers.
This has led to delays in several major projects. In many cases, developers must wait years before they can secure enough electricity to operate. These delays are becoming more common in established tech hubs where grid capacity is already stretched.
The main constraints include:
- Limited transmission capacity in high-demand areas,
- Slow grid upgrades and long permitting timelines, and
- Regulatory systems not designed for AI-scale demand.
Grid stability is another concern. AI data centers require constant and uninterrupted power. Even short disruptions can affect performance and reliability. This makes it more difficult for utilities to balance supply and demand, especially during peak periods.
In some regions, utilities are struggling to manage the size and concentration of new loads. A single large data center can use as much electricity as a small city. When several projects are planned in the same area, the pressure on local infrastructure increases significantly.
As a result, some companies are rethinking their expansion strategies. Projects may be delayed, scaled down, or moved to new locations where energy is more accessible. These shifts could slow the pace of AI deployment, at least in the short term.
Renewable Energy Growth Faces a Reality Check
Technology companies have made strong commitments to clean energy. Many aim to power their operations with 100% renewable electricity. This is part of their larger environmental, social, and governance (ESG) goals.
For example, Microsoft plans to become carbon negative by 2030, meaning it will remove more carbon than it emits. Google is targeting 24/7 carbon-free energy by 2030, which goes beyond annual matching to ensure clean power is used at all times. Amazon has committed to reaching net-zero carbon emissions by 2040 under its Climate Pledge.
Despite these targets, AI data centers present a difficult challenge. They need reliable electricity around the clock, while renewable energy sources such as wind and solar are not always available. Output can vary depending on weather conditions and time of day.
To maintain stable operations, many facilities rely on a mix of energy sources. This often includes grid electricity, which may still be partly generated from fossil fuels. In some cases, natural gas backup systems are used more frequently than planned.
Battery storage can help balance supply and demand. However, long-duration storage remains expensive and is not yet widely deployed at the scale needed for large AI facilities. This creates both technical and financial barriers.
Thus, there is a growing gap between corporate clean energy goals and real-world energy use. Closing that gap will require faster deployment of renewable energy, improved storage solutions, and more flexible grid systems.
Carbon Credits Use Surge as Tech Tries to Close the Emissions Gap
The mismatch between AI growth and clean energy supply is also affecting carbon markets. Many technology companies are increasing their use of carbon credits to offset emissions linked to data center operations.
According to the World Bank’s State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2025, carbon pricing now covers over 28% of global emissions. But carbon prices vary widely—from under $10 per ton in some systems to over $100 per ton in stricter markets. This gap is pushing companies toward voluntary carbon markets.

The Ecosystem Marketplace report shows rising demand for high-quality credits, especially carbon removal rather than avoidance credits. But supply is still limited.
Costs are especially high for engineered removals. The IEA estimates that direct air capture (DAC) costs today range from about $600 to over $1,000 per ton of CO₂. It may fall to $100–$300 per ton in the future, but supply is still very small.
Companies are focusing on credits that:
- Deliver verified emissions reductions,
- Support long-term carbon removal, and
- Align with ESG and net-zero commitments.
At the same time, many firms are taking a more active role in energy development. Instead of relying only on offsets, they are investing directly in renewable energy projects. This includes funding new solar and wind farms, as well as entering long-term power purchase agreements.
These investments help secure a dedicated clean energy supply. They also reduce long-term exposure to carbon markets, which can be volatile and subject to changing standards.
Companies Are Adapting Their Energy Strategies: The New AI Energy Playbook
AI companies are changing how they design and operate data centers to manage rising energy demand. Here are some of the key strategies:
- Energy efficiency improvements (new hardware and cooling systems) that reduce data center power use.
- More efficient AI chips, specialized processors, that drive performance gains.
- Advanced cooling systems that cut energy waste and can help cut total power use per workload by 20% to 40%.
- Data center location strategy is shifting, where facilities are built in regions with stronger renewable energy access.
- Infrastructure is becoming more distributed, where firms deploy smaller data centers across multiple locations to balance demand and improve resilience.
- Long-term renewable energy contracts are expanding, which helps companies secure power at stable prices.
A Turning Point for Energy and Climate Goals
The rise of AI is creating both risks and opportunities for the global energy transition. In the short term, increased electricity demand could lead to higher emissions if fossil fuels are used to fill supply gaps.
At the same time, AI is driving major investment in clean energy and infrastructure. The long-term outcome will depend on how quickly clean energy systems can scale.
If renewable supply, storage, and grid capacity keep pace with AI growth, the technology sector could help accelerate the shift to a low-carbon economy. If progress is too slow, however, AI could become a major new source of emissions.
Either way, AI is now a central force shaping global energy demand, infrastructure investment, and the future of carbon markets.
The post AI Data Centers Power Crisis: Massive Energy Demand Threatens Emissions Targets and Latest Delays Signal Market Shift appeared first on Carbon Credits.
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