China has updated and expanded its carbon reporting rules to cover new sectors. The changes are part of the country’s effort to improve transparency on climate risks and emissions.
Officials have extended carbon reporting requirements to include the airline industry and major industrial sectors such as petrochemicals and copper producers. This is a major shift in how companies disclose climate data and manage emissions.
China also introduced a new national climate reporting standard in late 2025. This standard aims to align with global best practices and to make climate data clearer and more useful to investors and regulators.
The changes reflect China’s strategy to meet its climate targets and to build stronger systems for environmental data. They also show how the Chinese reporting regime is becoming more structured and consistent.
Inside China’s New Climate Disclosure Rulebook
In December 2025, China’s Ministry of Finance and eight other ministries issued the Corporate Sustainable Disclosure Standard No. 1 – Climate (Trial). This is a national framework for climate disclosures.
The standard is based on the International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB) IFRS S2 Climate-related Disclosures. It focuses on reporting climate risks, opportunities, and impacts.
Under the new framework, companies are expected to report on their governance, strategy, risk and opportunity management, and metrics and targets.
The Chinese framework also requires more extensive emissions data, including value chain emissions in many cases. This goes beyond basic climate risk reporting.
Currently, the Chinese authorities present the standard as a trial (voluntary phase). However, they plan to expand its use and make parts mandatory over time. They will start with large companies and key sectors.
High-Emission Sectors Now Under the Spotlight
The newly announced carbon reporting expansion will affect energy-intensive and high-impact sectors, not only traditional industries:
- Airlines: This includes carriers operating domestic and international flights.
- Petrochemical firms: Companies that refine oil and produce chemical products.
- Copper producers: Firms involved in mining and processing copper.
These sectors consume large amounts of energy and generate significant greenhouse gas emissions.
The aviation sector accounts for about 2% of global energy-related CO₂ emissions, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA). In 2023, aviation emissions reached roughly 950 million tonnes of CO₂, returning close to pre-pandemic levels. China is one of the world’s largest aviation markets, and fuel combustion remains the dominant source of airline emissions.
The petrochemical industry is also highly carbon-intensive. The IEA reports that petrochemicals account for about 14% of global oil demand and 8% of global gas demand. China is the world’s largest producer and consumer of many petrochemical products, making emissions monitoring in this sector especially important.
Copper production is another energy-heavy industry. The International Copper Association states that producing refined copper needs 2 to 4 tonnes of CO₂ for each tonne of copper. This varies by ore grade and energy source.
China produces over 40% of the world’s refined copper, says the International Energy Agency and global metals stats. Smelting and refining processes consume large amounts of electricity, often generated from fossil fuels.

From Patchwork Rules to a National Framework
The new reporting requirements and standards are part of a wider shift in China’s climate disclosure regime. The country has been building a national corporate climate reporting framework since 2024. This includes guidance from stock exchanges, government agencies, and new national standards.
In January 2026, the national climate reporting standard was formally released. It follows the IFRS S2 climate disclosure framework, but it adds China-specific details. One key requirement is to report the actual business impact on the climate.
Authorities say they’re working on guidelines for industries with high emissions. These include power, steel, coal, petroleum, fertilizer, aluminum, hydrogen, cement, and automobiles, among others.
The current trial phase mainly targets listed companies. But it plans to expand to non-listed firms and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) later on.
China aims to make its climate disclosure regime more comprehensive and quantitative. Companies are expected to shift from narrative statements to detailed data reporting as they develop their climate information systems.
Driving Data to Deliver on Dual-Carbon Goals
As the world’s largest greenhouse gas emitter, China aims to have its National Emissions Trading System (ETS? cover all major emitting industries by 2027 to help achieve its “dual-carbon” goals:
- peaking emissions before 2030 and reaching carbon neutrality by 2060.

Achieving these goals requires accurate, timely, and comparable emissions data from companies. Improved reporting helps regulators, investors, and the public understand corporate climate risks and progress.
Standardized disclosure can help cut down on greenwashing. This happens when companies overstate or misrepresent their climate performance. Clear rules make it harder to present incomplete or misleading data.
Those who fail to comply will face consequences. For instance, a power plant in Ningxia was recently fined 424 million yuan ($58.5 million) for missing compliance deadlines.
Better climate data also supports green finance. Investors use emissions and climate information to assess risks and make decisions about capital allocation. Reliable data can help direct funding toward low-carbon technologies and projects.
The expanded rules also fit within China’s broader strategy to build a national carbon market and improve its emissions trading system. This market already covers a growing share of the economy and underpins carbon pricing across industries.
The move also responds to global pressures. For example, the European Union’s carbon taxes on imports impact Chinese exporters in these sectors.
China’s ETS and the Use of Carbon Offsets
This data collection phase is a precursor to integrating the industries into China’s ETS. The system initially covers only the power sector, but it has added steel, aluminum, and cement.
The covered companies can use a limited number of carbon offsets to meet compliance requirements. Under the ETS design, entities can use China Certified Emissions Reductions (CCERs). These must come from projects not included in the national ETS. But companies can surrender CCERs for up to 5% of their verified emissions.
Also, only CCER credits from projects in the new national CCER program can be used after January 2025. This offset flexibility gives companies an option to meet part of their compliance obligations while broader reporting and reduction measures take effect.

The system currently regulates more than 5 billion tonnes of CO₂ annually from the power industry alone. Analysts estimate that once the additional sectors are fully included, the ETS could cover between 8.7 and 10.6 billion tonnes of CO₂ by the late 2020s — representing a significant share of China’s total emissions.
A Transparency Push With Global Implications
China’s expanded reporting rules represent a clear shift toward greater transparency in corporate climate data. Better reporting helps policymakers track progress toward national climate goals. It also helps businesses understand their own climate risks and opportunities.
For investors, richer data support more informed decisions about sustainable investments. This can help channel capital to cleaner technologies and low-carbon business models.
For the global climate community, China’s moves may influence reporting norms in other markets. As the world’s largest emitter, China’s reporting regime could shape climate disclosure expectations elsewhere.
- FURTHER READING: China Adds Power 8x More Than the US in 2025, with $500B Energy Build-Out in a Single Year
The post China Expands Carbon Reporting to Airlines and Heavy Industry in Major Climate Disclosure Shift appeared first on Carbon Credits.
Carbon Footprint
Philippines Taps Blue Carbon and Biodiversity Credits to Protect Coasts and Climate
The Philippines is stepping up efforts to protect its coastal ecosystems. The government recently advanced its National Blue Carbon Action Partnership (NBCAP) Roadmap. This plan aims to conserve and restore mangroves, seagrass beds, and tidal marshes. It also explores biodiversity credits — a new market linked to nature conservation.
Blue carbon refers to the carbon stored in coastal and marine ecosystems. These habitats can hold large amounts of carbon in plants and soil. Mangroves, for example, store carbon at much higher rates than many land forests. Protecting them reduces greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
Biodiversity credits are a related concept. They reward actions that protect or restore species and ecosystems. They work alongside carbon credits but focus more on ecosystem health and species diversity. Markets for biodiversity credits are being discussed globally as a complement to carbon markets.
Why the Philippines Is Targeting Blue Carbon
The Philippines is rich in coastal ecosystems. It has more than 327,000 hectares of mangroves along its shores. These areas protect coastlines from storms, support fisheries, and store carbon.
Mangroves and seagrasses also support high levels of biodiversity. Many fish, birds, and marine species depend on these habitats. Restoring these ecosystems helps conserve species and supports local food systems.
The NBCAP Roadmap was handed over to the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) during the Philippine Mangrove Conference 2026. The roadmap is a strategy to protect blue carbon ecosystems while linking them to climate goals and local livelihoods.
DENR Undersecretary, Atty. Analiza Rebuelta-Teh, remarked during the turnover:
“This Roadmap reflects the Philippines’ strong commitment to advancing blue carbon accounting and delivering tangible impact for coastal communities.”
Edwina Garchitorena, country director of ZSL Philippines, which will oversee its implementation, also commented:
“The handover of the NBCAP Roadmap to the DENR represents a turning point in advancing blue carbon action and strengthening the Philippines’ leadership in coastal conservation in the region.”
The plan highlights four main pillars:
- Science, technology, and innovation.
- Policy and governance.
- Communication and community engagement.
- Finance and sustainable livelihoods.
These pillars aim to strengthen coastal resilience, support community well‑being, and align blue carbon action with national climate commitments.
What Blue Carbon Credits Could Mean for Markets
Globally, blue carbon markets are growing. These markets allow coastal restoration projects to sell carbon credits. Projects that preserve or restore mangroves, seagrass meadows, and tidal marshes can generate credits. Buyers pay for these credits to offset emissions.
According to Grand View Research, the global blue carbon market was valued at US$2.42 million in 2025. It is projected to reach US$14.79 million by 2033, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of almost 25%.

The Asia Pacific region led the market in 2025, with 39% of global revenue, due to its extensive coastal ecosystems and government support. Within the market, mangroves accounted for 68% of revenue, reflecting their high carbon storage capacity.
Blue carbon credits belong to the voluntary carbon market. Companies purchase these credits to offset emissions they can’t eliminate right now. Buyers are often motivated by sustainability goals and environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) standards.
Experts at the UN Environment Programme say these blue habitats can capture carbon 4x faster than forests:

Why Biodiversity Credits Matter: Rewarding Species, Strengthening Ecosystems
Carbon credits aim to cut greenhouse gases. In contrast, biodiversity credits focus on saving species and habitats. These credits reward projects that improve ecosystem health and may be used alongside carbon markets to attract finance for nature.
Biodiversity credits are particularly relevant in the Philippines, one of 17 megadiverse countries. The nation is home to thousands of unique plant and animal species. Supporting biodiversity through market mechanisms can strengthen conservation efforts while also supporting local communities.
Globally, biodiversity credit markets are still developing. Organizations such as the Biodiversity Credit Alliance are creating standards to ensure transparency, equity, and measurable outcomes. They want to link private investment to good environmental outcomes. They also respect the rights of local communities and indigenous peoples.
These markets complement carbon markets. They can support conservation efforts. This boosts ecosystem resilience and protects species while also capturing carbon.
Together with blue carbon credits, they form part of a broader nature-based solution to climate change and biodiversity loss. A report by the Ecosystem Marketplace estimates the potential carbon abatement for every type of blue carbon solution by 2050.

Science, Policy, and Funding: The Roadblocks Ahead
Building blue carbon and biodiversity credit markets is not easy. There are several challenges ahead for the Philippines.
One key challenge is measurement and verification. To sell carbon or biodiversity credits, projects must prove they deliver real and measurable benefits. This requires science‑based methods and monitoring systems.
Another challenge is finance. Case studies reveal that creating a blue carbon action roadmap in the Philippines may need around US$1 million. This funding will help set up essential systems and support initial actions.
Policy frameworks are also needed. Laws and rules must support credit issuance, protect local rights, and ensure fair sharing of benefits. Coordination across government agencies, local communities, and investors will be important.
Stakeholder engagement is key. The NBCAP Roadmap and related forums involve scientists, policymakers, civil society, and private sector partners. This teamwork approach makes sure actions are based on science, inclusive, and fair in the long run.
Looking Ahead: Coastal Conservation as Climate Strategy
Blue carbon and biodiversity credits could provide multiple benefits for the Philippines. Protecting and restoring coastal habitats reduces greenhouse gases, conserves species, and supports local economies. Coastal ecosystems also provide natural defenses against storms and rising seas.
If blue carbon and biodiversity credit markets grow, they could fund coastal conservation at scale while supporting global climate targets. Biodiversity credits could further enhance ecosystem protection by linking nature’s intrinsic value to market mechanisms.
The market also involves climate finance and corporate buyers looking for quality credits. Additionally, international development partners focused on coastal resilience may join in.
For the Philippines, the next few years will be critical. Implementing the NBCAP roadmap, establishing credit systems, and strengthening governance could unlock new opportunities for climate action, sustainable development, and regional leadership in blue carbon finance.
The post Philippines Taps Blue Carbon and Biodiversity Credits to Protect Coasts and Climate appeared first on Carbon Credits.
Carbon Footprint
Global EV Sales Set to Hit 50% by 2030 Amid Oil Shock While CATL Leads Batteries
The global electric vehicle (EV) market is gaining speed again. A sharp rise in oil prices, triggered by the recent U.S.–Iran conflict in early 2026, has changed how consumers think about fuel and mobility. What looked like a slow market just months ago is now showing strong signs of recovery.
According to SNE Research’s latest report, this sudden shift in energy markets is pushing EV adoption faster than expected. Rising gasoline costs and uncertainty about future oil supply are driving buyers toward electric cars. As a result, the EV transition is no longer gradual—it is accelerating.
Oil Price Shock Changes Consumer Behavior
The conflict in the Middle East sent oil markets into turmoil. Gasoline prices jumped quickly, rising from around 1,600–1,700 KRW per liter to as high as 2,200 KRW. This sudden spike acted as a wake-up call for many drivers.
Consumers who once hesitated to switch to EVs are now rethinking their choices. High and unstable fuel prices have made traditional gasoline vehicles less attractive. At the same time, EVs now look more cost-effective and reliable over the long term.
SNE Research noted that even if oil prices stabilize later, the fear of future spikes will remain. This uncertainty is a key driver behind early EV adoption. People no longer want to depend on volatile fuel markets.
EV Growth Forecasts Get a Major Boost
SNE Research has revised its global EV outlook. The firm now expects faster adoption across the decade.
- EV market penetration is projected to reach 29% in 2026, up from an earlier estimate of 27%.
- By 2027, the share could jump to 35%, instead of the previously expected 30%.
- Most importantly, EVs are now expected to cross 50% of new car sales by 2030, earlier than prior forecasts.
The post Global EV Sales Set to Hit 50% by 2030 Amid Oil Shock While CATL Leads Batteries appeared first on Carbon Credits.
Carbon Footprint
AI Data Centers Power Crisis: Massive Energy Demand Threatens Emissions Targets and Latest Delays Signal Market Shift
The rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI) is creating a new challenge for global energy systems. AI data centers now require far more electricity than traditional computing facilities. This surge in demand is putting pressure on power grids and raising concerns about whether climate targets can still be met.
Large AI data centers typically need 100 to 300 megawatts (MW) of continuous power. In contrast, conventional data centers use around 10-50 MW. This makes AI facilities up to 10x more energy-intensive, depending on the scale and workload.
AI Data Centers Are Driving a Sharp Rise in Power Demand
The increase is happening quickly. The International Energy Agency estimates that global data center electricity use reached about 415 terawatt-hours (TWh) in 2024. That number could rise to more than 1,000 TWh by 2026, largely driven by AI applications such as machine learning, cloud computing, and generative models. 
At that level, data centers would consume as much electricity as an entire mid-sized country like Japan.
In the United States, the impact is also growing. Data centers could account for 6% to 8% of total electricity demand by 2030, based on utility projections and grid operator estimates. AI is expected to drive most of that increase as companies continue to scale infrastructure to support new applications.
Training large AI models is especially energy-intensive. Some estimates say an advanced model can use millions of kilowatt-hours (kWh) just for training. For instance, training GPT-3 needs roughly 1.287 million kWh, and Google’s PaLM at about 3.4 million kWh. Analytical estimates suggest training newer models like GPT-4 may require between 50 million and over 100 million kWh.
That is equal to the annual electricity use of hundreds of households. When combined with ongoing usage, known as inference, total energy consumption rises even further.

This rapid growth is creating a gap between electricity demand and available supply. It is also raising questions about how the technology sector can expand while staying aligned with global climate goals.
The Grid Bottleneck: Why Data Centers Are Waiting Years for Power
Power demand from AI is rising faster than grid infrastructure can support. Utilities in key regions are now facing a surge in interconnection requests from technology companies building new data centers.
This has led to delays in several major projects. In many cases, developers must wait years before they can secure enough electricity to operate. These delays are becoming more common in established tech hubs where grid capacity is already stretched.
The main constraints include:
- Limited transmission capacity in high-demand areas,
- Slow grid upgrades and long permitting timelines, and
- Regulatory systems not designed for AI-scale demand.
Grid stability is another concern. AI data centers require constant and uninterrupted power. Even short disruptions can affect performance and reliability. This makes it more difficult for utilities to balance supply and demand, especially during peak periods.
In some regions, utilities are struggling to manage the size and concentration of new loads. A single large data center can use as much electricity as a small city. When several projects are planned in the same area, the pressure on local infrastructure increases significantly.
As a result, some companies are rethinking their expansion strategies. Projects may be delayed, scaled down, or moved to new locations where energy is more accessible. These shifts could slow the pace of AI deployment, at least in the short term.
Renewable Energy Growth Faces a Reality Check
Technology companies have made strong commitments to clean energy. Many aim to power their operations with 100% renewable electricity. This is part of their larger environmental, social, and governance (ESG) goals.
For example, Microsoft plans to become carbon negative by 2030, meaning it will remove more carbon than it emits. Google is targeting 24/7 carbon-free energy by 2030, which goes beyond annual matching to ensure clean power is used at all times. Amazon has committed to reaching net-zero carbon emissions by 2040 under its Climate Pledge.
Despite these targets, AI data centers present a difficult challenge. They need reliable electricity around the clock, while renewable energy sources such as wind and solar are not always available. Output can vary depending on weather conditions and time of day.
To maintain stable operations, many facilities rely on a mix of energy sources. This often includes grid electricity, which may still be partly generated from fossil fuels. In some cases, natural gas backup systems are used more frequently than planned.
Battery storage can help balance supply and demand. However, long-duration storage remains expensive and is not yet widely deployed at the scale needed for large AI facilities. This creates both technical and financial barriers.
Thus, there is a growing gap between corporate clean energy goals and real-world energy use. Closing that gap will require faster deployment of renewable energy, improved storage solutions, and more flexible grid systems.
Carbon Credits Use Surge as Tech Tries to Close the Emissions Gap
The mismatch between AI growth and clean energy supply is also affecting carbon markets. Many technology companies are increasing their use of carbon credits to offset emissions linked to data center operations.
According to the World Bank’s State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2025, carbon pricing now covers over 28% of global emissions. But carbon prices vary widely—from under $10 per ton in some systems to over $100 per ton in stricter markets. This gap is pushing companies toward voluntary carbon markets.

The Ecosystem Marketplace report shows rising demand for high-quality credits, especially carbon removal rather than avoidance credits. But supply is still limited.
Costs are especially high for engineered removals. The IEA estimates that direct air capture (DAC) costs today range from about $600 to over $1,000 per ton of CO₂. It may fall to $100–$300 per ton in the future, but supply is still very small.
Companies are focusing on credits that:
- Deliver verified emissions reductions,
- Support long-term carbon removal, and
- Align with ESG and net-zero commitments.
At the same time, many firms are taking a more active role in energy development. Instead of relying only on offsets, they are investing directly in renewable energy projects. This includes funding new solar and wind farms, as well as entering long-term power purchase agreements.
These investments help secure a dedicated clean energy supply. They also reduce long-term exposure to carbon markets, which can be volatile and subject to changing standards.
Companies Are Adapting Their Energy Strategies: The New AI Energy Playbook
AI companies are changing how they design and operate data centers to manage rising energy demand. Here are some of the key strategies:
- Energy efficiency improvements (new hardware and cooling systems) that reduce data center power use.
- More efficient AI chips, specialized processors, that drive performance gains.
- Advanced cooling systems that cut energy waste and can help cut total power use per workload by 20% to 40%.
- Data center location strategy is shifting, where facilities are built in regions with stronger renewable energy access.
- Infrastructure is becoming more distributed, where firms deploy smaller data centers across multiple locations to balance demand and improve resilience.
- Long-term renewable energy contracts are expanding, which helps companies secure power at stable prices.
A Turning Point for Energy and Climate Goals
The rise of AI is creating both risks and opportunities for the global energy transition. In the short term, increased electricity demand could lead to higher emissions if fossil fuels are used to fill supply gaps.
At the same time, AI is driving major investment in clean energy and infrastructure. The long-term outcome will depend on how quickly clean energy systems can scale.
If renewable supply, storage, and grid capacity keep pace with AI growth, the technology sector could help accelerate the shift to a low-carbon economy. If progress is too slow, however, AI could become a major new source of emissions.
Either way, AI is now a central force shaping global energy demand, infrastructure investment, and the future of carbon markets.
The post AI Data Centers Power Crisis: Massive Energy Demand Threatens Emissions Targets and Latest Delays Signal Market Shift appeared first on Carbon Credits.
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