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Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Lansdcape in Europe

Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Landscape in Europe

The European aviation industry is facing the challenge of reducing its environmental impact, and Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) is seen as one of the most promising solutions. 

SAF is a drop-in fuel that can be used in existing aircraft engines without any modifications, but it is produced from renewable sources such as biomass, waste oils, and even captured CO2. This means that SAF can significantly reduce the lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions of aviation compared to conventional fossil jet fuel.

Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Lansdcape in Europe

What it Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) ?

Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) is an alternative fuel for airplanes that reduces greenhouse gas emissions compared to traditional jet fuel. It’s made from renewable sources like plant oils, waste fats, and even captured carbon dioxide, all of which can be processed into a fuel that has similar properties to conventional jet fuel.

Here’s a breakdown of SAF:

  • A drop-in fuel, meaning it can be used in existing aircraft engines without any modifications.
  • Made from renewable sources like:
    • Biomass: jatropha, algae, switchgrass
    • Waste oils: used cooking oil, animal fats
    • Captured carbon dioxide: air capture or industrial waste streams

SAF is a promising solution for reducing the environmental impact of aviation. With continued investment and innovation, SAF has the potential to play a major role in decarbonizing the aviation sector and helping to meet climate goals.

Here’s a snapshot of the current SAF landscape in Europe:

  • Policy and Regulation: The European Commission has proposed a blending mandate for SAF, requiring that 2% of all jet fuel supplied at EU airports must be SAF by 2025, rising to 63% by 2050. This is expected to create a significant market for SAF and drive investment in production capacity.
  • Production and Capacity: Currently, the production of SAF in Europe is limited, with a maximum potential capacity of around 0.24 million tonnes per year. This is only about 10% of the amount needed to meet the proposed blending mandate by 2030. However, several new SAF production facilities are planned or under construction, and the industry is expected to grow rapidly in the coming years.
  • Cost and Availability: SAF is currently more expensive than conventional jet fuel, due to the higher costs of production and feedstocks. However, the cost is expected to decrease as production scales up and new technologies are developed. The availability of SAF is also limited, but it is becoming increasingly available at major airports in Europe.
  • Challenges and Opportunities: Some of the challenges facing the SAF industry in Europe include the need for further investment in production capacity, the development of a robust regulatory framework, and the need to ensure the sustainability of feedstocks. However, there are also many opportunities for the industry, such as the potential to create new jobs and green growth, and to contribute to the decarbonization of the aviation sector.

The SAF landscape in Europe is evolving rapidly, and the future looks promising. With the right policies and investments, SAF has the potential to play a major role in reducing the environmental impact of aviation in Europe.

Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Lansdcape in Europe

Number of Sustainable Aviation Airlines in Europe

To give you the most comprehensive picture of airlines in Europe engaged in sustainable aviation practices, I’ve combined the three approaches from my previous answer:

1. Airlines actively using and promoting SAF:

  • Major Airlines: Lufthansa, KLM, Air France, British Airways, SAS (varying levels of SAF use and commitment)
  • Sustainability-focused Airlines: Volotea (carbon neutrality by 2050), Icelandair (net-zero by 2041), Finnair (carbon neutrality by 2045)

2. Airlines associated with sustainability organizations:

  • Airlines for Europe (A4E): All members use SAF and have net-zero 2050 goals.
  • Clean Skies for Tomorrow initiative: Members include airlines, airports, fuel suppliers, and technology companies working to accelerate SAF deployment in Europe.

3. Airlines investing in SAF production and research:

  • Lufthansa partnering with Neste on a major SAF production facility in Finland.

Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Lansdcape in Europe

Table of Sustainable Aviation Airlines in Europe

Sustainable Aviation Airlines in Europe: A Comparison

Category Airlines Approach to Sustainability Additional Notes
Major Airlines with SAF Use: Lufthansa, KLM, Air France, British Airways, SAS Varying levels of SAF usage & commitment. Not all have net-zero goals. Focus on increasing SAF usage and investment in production.
Sustainability-Focused Airlines: Volotea, Icelandair, Finnair Dedicated to sustainability with ambitious net-zero goals. Early adopters of SAF. Implement broader sustainability initiatives beyond SAF.
Airlines for Europe (A4E) Members: Multiple European Airlines (see A4E website) All use SAF and have net-zero 2050 goals. Strong collective commitment. Collaboration on policy, best practices, and SAF initiatives.
Clean Skies for Tomorrow Members: Airlines, airports, fuel suppliers, technology companies Diverse stakeholder collaboration to accelerate SAF deployment. Focus on infrastructure, standards, and market development.
Airlines Investing in SAF Production: Lufthansa (partnership with Neste) Proactive involvement in expanding SAF production capacity. Secure long-term fuel supply and drive innovation.

Notes:

  • This table is not exhaustive and represents a selection of notable examples.
  • The “Category” labels are descriptive and not rigid classifications.
  • Some airlines fall into multiple categories.
  • Consider researching individual airlines for deeper insights into their specific sustainability programs and goals.

Resources:

Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Lansdcape in Europe

Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Production Company in Europe

There are several promising Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) production companies in Europe, each with its own focus and technology. Here are some notable examples:

Neste:

  • Finnish company, the world’s leading producer of SAF with a current annual capacity of 1 million tonnes.
  • Utilizes hydrotreated vegetable oils (HVO) technology to convert waste oils and fats into renewable hydrocarbons.
  • Partners with major airlines like Lufthansa and KLM to supply SAF.

Verbio:

  • German company specializing in advanced biofuels, including SAF.
  • Employs biomass gasification technology to convert wood residues and organic waste into synthetic fuels.
  • Operates multiple production facilities across Europe.

Vivergo:

  • Dutch company producing SAF from renewable feedstocks like corn stover and wheat straw.
  • Utilizes biochemical conversion technology to break down the feedstocks into sugars and ferment them into ethanol, then converted into SAF.
  • Has plans for new production facilities in France and Romania.

HEFA:

  • German company focused on Power-to-Liquid (PtL) technology, producing SAF from captured CO2 and renewable electricity.
  • Offers an alternative pathway to traditional biomass-based SAF.
  • Partners with Porsche and other companies to demonstrate and scale up PtL technology.

Other notable companies:

  • SkyNRG: Dutch company specializing in blending and supplying SAF.
  • TOTAL: French energy giant investing in various SAF production technologies.
  • Neste MY Renewable Diesel: Neste subsidiary producing HVO-based fuels, including SAF.
  • Renewable Energy Group: Norwegian company exploring PtL and other SAF technologies.

Considerations when choosing SAF producers:

  • Feedstock type: Different feedstocks have varying sustainability implications. Opt for companies prioritizing waste fats and residues over virgin biomass.
  • Production technology: Consider the environmental impact and efficiency of the chosen technology. PtL may have lower lifecycle emissions than biomass-based methods.
  • Transparency and certification: Choose companies with clear sustainability goals and certified SAF production processes.
Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Lansdcape in Europe

Table of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Production Companies in Europe

Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Production Companies in Europe: A Comparison

Company Focus Technology Feedstock Current Capacity Notable Partnerships
Neste Leading producer HVO Waste oils & fats 1 million tonnes/year Lufthansa, KLM, Air France
Verbio Advanced Biofuels Biomass gasification Wood residues, organic waste Multiple facilities across Europe None listed
Vivergo Corn stover & Wheat straw Biochemical conversion Corn stover, wheat straw Expansion plans (France, Romania) SkyNRG
HEFA Power-to-Liquid (PtL) Captured CO2 & renewable electricity CO2, renewable electricity Demonstration phase Porsche, other companies
Other notable companies:
SkyNRG Blending & supply Various Various Not applicable Airlines, fuel suppliers
TOTAL Diverse SAF technologies Various Various Investments in multiple companies Airlines, energy companies
Neste MY Renewable Diesel HVO-based fuels (incl. SAF) HVO Waste oils & fats Not specified Airlines, distributors
Renewable Energy Group PtL & other SAF technologies PtL, others Various Research & development stage Airlines, technology partners

Notes:

  • This table highlights a selection of promising companies and is not exhaustive.
  • Capacities and partnerships may change over time.
Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Lansdcape in Europe

Conclusion Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Lansdcape in Europe

The Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) landscape in Europe is brimming with both promise and challenges. 

On the one hand, ambitious policy mandates, growing investment in production facilities, and increasing adoption by airlines, like early adopters such as Volotea and Icelandair, paint a picture of a significant shift towards a greener future for aviation. Technological advancements like Power-to-Liquid (PtL) offer further pathways to reduce reliance on fossil fuels.

However, hurdles remain. Current production capacity lags behind the demand projected by the blending mandates, and the cost of SAF remains higher than conventional jet fuel. Concerns about the sustainability of some feedstocks and ensuring ethical sourcing also require careful consideration.

The momentum behind SAF in Europe is undeniable. With continued collaboration between policymakers, airlines, fuel producers, and researchers, the continent has the potential to become a global leader in the development and deployment of this critical technology. By tackling the remaining challenges head-on, Europe can pave the way for a future where the skies are truly sustainable.

https://www.exaputra.com/2024/01/sustainable-aviation-fuel-saf-lansdcape.html

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Power and Corruption

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As Aristotle said (plus or minus): Only people who do not seek power and qualified to hold it.

In retrospect, the United States hadn’t gotten burned too badly until Donald Trump came along.

Power and Corruption

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Judge Ends Pentagon Wind Freeze, RWE Exits US Offshore

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Judge Ends Pentagon Wind Freeze, RWE Exits US Offshore

Allen covers a judge lifting the Pentagon’s wind freeze, RWE’s $1.22B US offshore exit, and TotalEnergies buying Shell’s European renewables.

Sign up now for Uptime Tech News, our weekly newsletter on all things wind technology. This episode is sponsored by Weather Guard Lightning Tech. Learn more about Weather Guard’s StrikeTape Wind Turbine LPS retrofit. Follow the show on YouTubeLinkedin and visit Weather Guard on the web. And subscribe to Rosemary’s “Engineering with Rosie” YouTube channel here. Have a question we can answer on the show? Email us!

Good Monday everyone.

You know … there is an old saying. When one door closes … another one opens. Well this week in wind energy … a whole lot of doors were swinging.

Let us start in Washington. For months … the Pentagon had quietly stopped reviewing wind energy project applications. More than a hundred and fifty onshore wind projects … stuck in limbo. The Defense Department claimed that drones in Ukraine had changed the game. Wind turbines … they said … could blind radar to incoming threats. So they hit the brakes.

But on Thursday … a federal judge said … not so fast. Judge Karin Immergut … a Trump appointee no less … issued a preliminary injunction. Resume the reviews … she ordered. Follow the law Congress wrote. The law gives the Pentagon seventy-five days for a preliminary review. As of late July … not a single one had been completed since the halt began in May. When government lawyers were asked to name one project they had reviewed … they could not name a single one. The judge told them plainly. If you want to change the rules … go ask Congress.

Now … while one arm of the government was being told to do its job … another arm was writing checks. German energy giant RWE … handed back its American offshore wind leases. New York. California. Louisiana. In return … the U.S. Department of the Interior cut RWE a check for one-point-two-two billion dollars. RWE is the fifth developer to walk away from American offshore wind under this administration. The company had spent more than a billion dollars on those leases. Years of planning. Investment. Partnership with federal agencies. But RWE said there is simply no path forward to permit these projects … for the foreseeable future.

So where does the $1.22B go? Nine hundred million dollars into Louisiana LNG. Three hundred million into natural gas turbine reservations. Fifteen gas peaking projects across the country. A company that came to America to build wind farms … is now building gas plants instead.

But here is the thing about RWE. They are not leaving the wind business. They are leaving American offshore wind. Globally … RWE operates eighteen offshore wind farms. Four more under construction. And nearly seven gigawatts secured in the United Kingdom’s latest auction. America said no. The rest of the world said … come on in.

And speaking of Europe … TotalEnergies … the French oil major … just bought Shell’s entire onshore renewables business in Europe. Four gigawatts of solar and wind. Five hundred megawatts already running or under construction in Italy and the Netherlands. Three-and-a-half gigawatts more in the pipeline across Italy … the United Kingdom … and Spain. And in the same breath … TotalEnergies sold a fifty percent stake in a one-point-two gigawatt European portfolio to KKR … for an enterprise value of one-point-eight billion euros. Build it. Sell half. Keep operating it. That is the model.

Now let us fly east … to India. GE Vernova just landed a hundred-and-sixty-three megawatt wind order from American developer Enfinity Global. Forty-three turbines. Three-point-eight megawatts each. Headed for the Fatehgarh wind farm in Rajasthan. Deliveries start late this year. And those turbines will be built at GE Vernova’s factory in Pune … which can turn out fifteen hundred megawatts a year. India is pushing for five hundred gigawatts of renewable energy.

Meanwhile … up in Denmark … a Danish wind tower maker named Welcon is raising its voice. Swedish utility Vattenfall just won two offshore wind tenders in Denmark. But when asked whether they would use European-made turbines … Vattenfall would not say.

Welcon’s chief executive Jens Risvig Pedersen said … and I quote …

“It would be completely absurd not to buy European products for the two new Danish offshore wind farms. That would simply shut down the European industry.”

The Danish trade union Dansk Metal agreed. Chinese turbines … they said … should not be financed with Danish taxpayer money. Vattenfall says it has not decided yet. But the debate is on.

And finally … a milestone that happened so quietly … nobody noticed. The world just crossed three terawatts of installed solar power. It took ten years to build the first terawatt. Less than three years for the second. And not even two more years for the third. Seventy-four countries now have at least one gigawatt of solar installed. That is up from forty-two in twenty-twenty. BloombergNEF expects nine terawatts by twenty thirty-six.

But here is the catch. Without batteries … solar hits a ceiling. Places like Australia and California already have so much solar that electricity prices go negative during the day. You heard that right. They pay people to use power. The answer is battery storage. But batteries are not able to keep up with the pace of solar.

Now … if you step back from all of this … something interesting emerges. Nobody in these stories is arguing about whether wind works. Not the judge in Oregon. Not RWE. Not even the Pentagon. The debate has moved on. The question is no longer … can you build a wind farm. The question is … who gets to decide where one goes.

Think about that. A federal judge did not rule that wind turbines are safe or good or necessary. She ruled that the government cannot ignore its own laws. The science was not on trial. The process was.

RWE did not surrender its leases because offshore wind failed. It surrendered them because one government made permitting impossible … while eighteen other wind farms in its global portfolio kept spinning.

And TotalEnergies did not buy four gigawatts of European renewables out of charity. It bought them because Shell … an oil company … decided those assets no longer fit its strategy. One oil major’s exit is another’s entrance. The assets did not lose value. They changed hands.

That is the story underneath all these headlines. Wind energy has crossed a threshold that most industries never reach. It is no longer competing on technology. It is competing on governance. The turbines work. The economics work. The engineering works. What varies … country by country … is whether the rules of the road are clear enough for capital to show up.

And capital … as we saw this week … will always find the door that is open.

That is the state of the wind industry for the 10th of August … twenty twenty-six. Join us for the Uptime Wind Energy podcast tomorrow.

Judge Ends Pentagon Wind Freeze, RWE Exits US Offshore

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How We Regard the World’s Social Democracies

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Here’s a video on a subject we discuss a great deal here: Americans’ attitudes toward the social democracies in counties like Norway.

The woman has an interesting perspective.

How We Regard the World’s Social Democracies

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