At an energy security summit in London this week, around 60 government officials presented sharply different views on how to secure national energy supplies, with the US pushing for more fossil fuels and downplaying renewables.
While the leaders of the UK, European Union (EU) and ministers from Barbados and Colombia argued that clean energy provides energy security, ministers and officials from oil and gas producers like the US, Iraq and Egypt said that fossil fuels should remain part of the energy system.
But while his Iraqi counterpart boasted of using more renewables alongside oil and gas, the US Department of Energy’s Acting Assistant Secretary for the Office of International Affairs Tommy Joyce criticised renewables too, arguing that they cause power cuts and increase reliance on China.
Fossil fuel-price rollercoaster
This Thursday and Friday, the International Energy Agency (IEA) Summit for the Future of Energy Security took place at Lancaster House in London – which stands in for Buckingham Palace in Netflix’s “The Crown” series – and kicked off with the UK’s minister for net zero and energy security Ed Miliband reading out a letter from King Charles.
It said that “events over recent years have shown that, when well-managed, the transition to more sustainable energy systems can lead itself to more resilient and secure energy systems”.
Later, Britain’s Prime Minister Keir Starmer said the UK was “paying the price for our over-exposure over many years to the rollercoaster of international fossil fuel prices, leaving the economy and therefore peoples’ household budgets vulnerable to the whims of dictators like [Russia’s President] Putin, to price spikes and to volatility that is beyond our control”. He added that since the 1970s, half of the UK’s recessions have been caused by “fossil fuel shocks”.
Speaking after Starmer, European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen praised the US for providing gas “when we needed it during the energy crisis” and said US gas imports “remain of strategic importance for the European Union”. “But it is not only a question of alternative suppliers” of gas other than Russia, she added.
Von der Leyen argued that “clean homegrown renewables” strengthen the bloc’s resilience, while at the same time spurring new jobs and innovation. “As our energy dependency goes down, our energy security goes up. That is a lesson we have learnt in Europe,” she added.
Expensive fossil fuel imports
Ministers from Barbados, Colombia, France and Spain echoed these messages. Colombia’s mines and energy minister Edwin Palma Egea said clean energy would be cheaper in his country, where many people “have to choose between paying for energy or to eat – that is a dilemma for them”.
“We have to go for clean energy,” he said, asking the room of energy officials and business leaders for investment, “not just to secure decarbonisation for the North of the world but also to develop a huge economy around the green economy”.
Barbados’ energy and business development minister Lisa Cummins said that energy security looks different for small island developing countries like hers. “Barbados is on the receiving end of fossil fuel generation in the sense that we are on the frontline of sea level rise as the result of the climate crisis,” she said.
She added that, as well as suffering from fossil fuels through the climate crisis, Barbados spent over $1 billion importing fossil fuels to generate electricity in 2024. The Caribbean country’s biggest fossil fuel suppliers are Trinidad and Tobago and the US, but it aims to generate all of its electricity from renewables in 2030, using solar, wind and battery storage.
“Geopolitical tensions then create energy insecurity for countries like ours. We do not produce the technologies, we do not produce energy goods, we are not the producers of fossil fuels, we are the importers and the price-takers and the ones that are on the frontline of every single geopolitical crisis that is happening around us,” Cummins said.
US criticises renewables
But, speaking immediately after her, US envoy Tommy Joyce blamed recent power cuts in Barbados’ Caribbean neighbour – US territory Puerto Rico – on the island becoming more dependent on renewables for electricity. “After bolting on over about 30% wind and solar variable renewables, traditional grids began failing,” he said.
Puerto Rico’s electricity grid has been damaged by storms like Hurricane Maria in 2017, made more intense and frequent by climate change, and by under-investment. The company operating the grid said the most recent blackout was caused by an overgrown tree damaging an electric cable.
Joyce added that pursuing offshore wind power would make countries reliant on China. “A typical offshore wind turbine requires four tonnes of a permanent magnet made in the form of rare earth elements and, since China, the supplier of nearly all of them, restricted their sale, there are no wind turbines without concessions or coercion from China,” he said.
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On Thursday, the UK government announced it would invest £300m ($400m) in the supply chain for British offshore wind. “Let my message to the world go out: come and build the clean energy future in Britain, said Starmer.
Speaking to journalists in a briefing before the summit, energy experts said that relying on other countries for equipment like solar panels and wind turbines is preferable to relying on them for fuel. Ember’s Europe programme director Sarah Brown said importing fossil fuels involves “constant risk, constant cost” whereas importing machinery like solar panels is a one-off on both fronts.
But Li Shuo, director of the China Climate Hub at the Asia Society Policy Institute in Washington DC, told Climate Home that the climate community needs to address the question of whether the West can decarbonise while decoupling from China.
He said that the drift towards economic fragmentation hinders emissions reductions through technologies like electric vehicles and lithium batteries. “Without a proactive response, this trajectory could further derail climate action and lend weight to the conclusion articulated by Mr. Joyce: if China controls the raw materials essential for cleantech manufacturing and we are determined to decouple from them, then we might as well abandon climate goals altogether,” he warned.
Petro-states praise fossil fuels
At the London summit, Joyce’s pro-oil and gas stance was backed by Hayyan Abdel-Ghani, the oil minister of Iraq – the world’s most oil and gas-reliant economy. “As you all know, fossil fuels will remain, and it’s one of the most important sources of energy production around the world,” he said.
Iraq has “worked a lot in order to boost and increase the production of gas” and is planning a transition from oil to gas, he noted, adding that at the COP28 climate summit “it was looked at that [gas] could be the transitional source of energy going forward”.
At COP28 in 2023, governments agreed to transition away from fossil fuels in energy systems but also said that “transitional fuels can play a role in facilitating the energy transition while ensuring energy security”. This clause – pushed for by Russia – was criticised as a “dangerous loophole” for gas at the time.
Egypt’s petroleum minister Karim Badawi said in London that Egypt was focusing on “how we can really unlock future reserves” to make petroleum available to Egyptians and “partners around the world”. He added that fossil fuels are not just a source of energy but the basis for industries like petrochemicals.
Outside the summit, Lauren MacDonald, lead campaigner for the Stop Rosebank campaign, told Climate Home that “the only way to have real energy security and lower bills – which is what the people of this country want – is to invest in cheap homegrown renewables”. Rosebank is an undeveloped offshore oil and gas field in Scotland where production was approved by the previous UK government but which is now being challenged in the courts.
MacDonald pointed out that oil and gas companies were present at the energy security summit. Delegates from BP, Abu Dhabi’s National Oil Company, ExxonMobil, Shell and Sonelgaz were among those listed as attending a private panel titled “Oil and gas security – ensuring security and affordability for today and tomorrow”.
The session was to be addressed by the oil ministers of oil-producing states, like Norway and Guyana, and co-hosted by Jassim Alshirawi, secretary-general of the Riyadh-headquartered International Energy Forum.
Reporting back publicly to the summit as a whole, Alshirawi said the group he co-chaired had discussed measures like oil and gas producers keeping some of their fuel in reserve to combat disruptions to oil and gas supply from choke points, extreme weather and cyber attacks. “We heard that ensuring conditions for adequate investment and access to finance for all energy sources including oil and gas remains of key importance,” he added.
Other sessions covered energy in the contexts of access and affordability, resilience to climate change, the role of artificial intelligence, electricity supply and critical minerals supply chains.
As delegates went into the summit on Thursday morning, MacDonald and her fellow climate protesters chanted “no more oil, no more gas, we don’t want a climate crash” and “hey, we want to keep living – no more oil, no more drilling”. They held up two inflatable eyeballs and eyeball placards, alongside one that said “Starmer – all eyes on you”.
This article was updated on April 25, 2025 to add Alshirawi’s comments and information on Rosebank, as well as a table of participants at the oil and gas security session and the announcement of investment into British offshore wind
The post At energy security talks, US pushes gas and derides renewables appeared first on Climate Home News.
At energy security talks, US pushes gas and derides renewables
Next week, diplomats from around the world will descend on Yerevan, Armenia, to negotiate a series of decisions under the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
Between 19 and 30 October, 196 parties will gather to hammer out the precise wording of the dozens of legal texts that make up the decisions under the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the CBD.
This year’s summit is particularly significant, as it marks the halfway point between the agreement of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework and the deadline for achieving its targets.
The CBD has found that countries are currently not on track to meet 22 out of the framework’s 23 targets.
During the fortnight, delegates will also be negotiating decisions relating to the two supplemental protocols to the CBD: the Cartagena Protocol, which covers biosafety; and the Nagoya Protocol, which covers access and benefit-sharing for the use of genetic resources.
(The Cartagena and Nagoya Protocols, which are each governed by a “meeting of the parties”, or “MOP”, have fewer parties than the CBD as a whole, with 173 and 141, respectively.)
Carbon Brief is tracking the progress of countries towards consensus on dozens of negotiating texts using the interactive table below.
The tracker includes texts from the COP, as well as the MOPs for the Cartagena and Nagoya protocols. It also includes draft decisions from the most recent subsidiary body meetings, as these form the starting point for the negotiations in Yerevan.
The CBD has three subsidiary bodies: the subsidiary body on scientific, technical and technological advice (SBSTTA), the subsidiary body on implementation (SBI) and the subsidiary body on article 8(j) and other provisions (SB8J).
SB8J focuses on issues related to the Indigenous peoples and local communities. It was established at COP16 in Cali, Colombia, in 2024.
The first two columns of the interactive tracker list the topic of each agenda item and the relevant body, with subsequent columns including dates, page counts and links to the original documents.
The table is searchable and can be sorted using the arrows in the header.
Areas of disagreement in UN draft texts are denoted by square brackets. Counting the brackets in a particular iteration of a text therefore gives a sense of how far parties are from reaching consensus.
The bracket column is colour-coded, with dark green indicating a low number of brackets and red indicating a high number of brackets remaining.
Texts can also present parties with choices using “options” or alternatives (“alt”), which are counted together in the sixth column of the table.
The key discussions in Yerevan will centre around two agenda items in particular. The first is the global review, which will assess progress towards the GBF and make recommendations for accelerating action.
The second is finance, which can be separated into two parts: resource mobilisation and the financial mechanism. On resource mobilisation, biodiverse global south countries are likely to push for an increased amount of international finance for conservation.
Disagreement over the creation of the financial mechanism led to the suspension of COP16 in Cali in October 2024, as parties failed to find agreement on the mobilisation of finance before the end of the summit.
Global south countries want the establishment of a separate financial mechanism under the control of the CBD; global north countries largely prefer to maintain the existing mechanism, which sits under the Global Environment Facility.
At the resumed session of COP16 in Rome in early 2025, countries agreed on a roadmap that would lead to the establishment of a permanent mechanism.
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The post Interactive: Tracking negotiating texts at the COP17 biodiversity summit appeared first on Carbon Brief.
Interactive: Tracking negotiating texts at the COP17 biodiversity summit
A beacon of love
On an outer island of Fiji, two thousand nautical miles from Sydney, is a shining light of hope and resilience for our troubled world.
The island of Kioa is home to a Tuvaluan community who migrated from their atoll of Vaitupu in the late 1940s. It is a land of warm hearts, big smiles, and deep cultural roots; a place where the sound of a conch still summons the island together, where islanders paddle out to fish in carved outrigger canoes, and healthy happy children walk barefoot to school.
Here, culture is life. Kioans live sustainably through their traditional knowledge and practices. The island is alive with song, dance and the rhythms of a life tied to the tides, the winds, and the seasons.
Facing the future
Greenpeace has been lucky to have a relationship with Kioa for a number of years now, and we are continually learning from this remarkable community.
Last week, as part of our Voyaging Oceania project, we returned to the island. Our purpose was twofold —- to carry messages from the island to leaders gathering in Nadi this week for the Pacific Pre-COP, and to support the Kioa community in their efforts to improve water security for the island.
Unlike Tuvalu itself, with its eight atolls, Kioa is a mountainous, forested and richly fertile island. It will remain habitable far into the future. Kioans did not initially migrate from Vaitupu due to climate change, but the move was prophetic. They now have a lifeboat.
However, even Kioa faces challenges on our rapidly warming planet, in particular when it comes to water. Climate change is shifting once reliable rainfall patterns. On top of this, the island is already feeling the effect of this year’s intensifying El Niño event, which for Fiji means reduced rainfall and prolonged dry spells.
Right now, fresh water has to be carefully rationed, and is only available for a few hours a day. During last week’s visit aboard our campaigning ship Oceania, Greenpeace was privileged to work with the Kioa community on a new solar-powered water distribution project for the island.
Designed and led by the island, the project involves using a solar pump to move water from a reliable source to a storage tank and then using gravity to distribute the water around the village.
It was a lesson in how local knowledge and ingenuity can be the backbone of today’s climate solutions. To build a dam around the source, the local community knew the exact spot where they could gather gravel at low tide to mix with the cement. They took only what was needed, knowing that all resources must be carefully conserved. Kioa has no roads and no machinery, and it was an all-of-island effort to carry the materials up to the project site, including many heavy bags of sand and rock.
Such projects truly bring to life the vision of a resilient, locally-led, fossil fuel free Pacific.