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ACP OM&S Recap, Siemens Energy Shareholder Meeting, Nordex Underperforms with Engie

Recap of ACP OM&S, Siemens Energy Annual Shareholder Meeting and Siemens Gamesa’s persisting 4X/5X turbine sales halt, and underperformance of Engie’s Nordex turbines.

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Allen Hall: So Joel, after the ACP OM&S event, we went to the San Diego Safari, which is this massive zoo out in the hills of California, just north of San Diego. That was really impressive. And the one thing they have there, you can’t see anywhere else in the world besides Australia, is platypus. Evidently Australia does not let platypus out of the country, except somebody must have snuck one out and brought it to San Diego.

Joel Saxum: I saw the thread with you and Rosemary talking on Slack.

Allen Hall: Did you know that platypus are venomous?

Joel Saxum: I did not know that. That makes no sense to me.

Allen Hall: And I thought that’s crazy, right? But Rosemary said, yes they’re venomous. And you stupid Americans should know that. And I thought isn’t everything in Australia venomous?

Obviously, but here’s the thing, right? So when you get into the platypus area it’s dark like night because they’re active at night. And they have this pool there and you see these platypus swimming along. And in my head, I thought platypus was like the size of a beaver or a small dog.

It’s about the size of a squirrel. They’re tiny.

Joel Saxum: Oh, I thought, I legitimately thought it was like a river otter size, like animal.

Allen Hall: I know, right? And maybe it’s just because of that platypus cartoon, I just assumed that they were bigger. You ever seen that platypus cartoon? But I was just really thrown off by how small they were.

I thought okay. It was worth seeing. Obviously, it was worth seeing. But the coolest thing we saw was elephants. So they had a really big area for elephants and they had a lot of elephants and they had put these hay bales way up high. So the elephants had to really, I don’t know why you torture an elephant like this, but they had to reach really high to, with their trunks to reach up to grab the hay.

And I, was sitting there with my son Adam, and I said, how those, they can’t reach that high. He said, don’t worry. So the elephants actually took these blocks and stacked them to make a step to get up to, to get up to the hay. So it was like, Watching animals use tools to get to the food.

Wow, that was pretty cool.

Joel Saxum: You can do that at a buffet in Texas. You don’t have to go all the way to San Diego or that.

Allen Hall: Alright, Phil, the Siemens Energy annual shareholder meeting was today. So when this podcast comes out which will be Tuesday that shareholder meeting was held on Monday early in America time. That was fascinating to watch. I haven’t seen a shareholder meeting like that in the past, but it was all virtual.

So you had a panel of the Siemens executive committee and the yeah all the important players are in one spot but everybody that was chiming in was remote from their home. It looked like there’s a lot of problems going on with Siemens energy at the moment and it’s all focused on Siemens Gamesa, right?

So the, every part of Siemens energy seems to be making money. It is really solid. It’s the Siemens Gamesa. Piece that’s making the shareholders really upset. The approach from Siemens Energy today was we’re going to provide a leash for Siemens Gamesa to straighten things out and if they can’t turn it around in the midterm, then we’re going to thinking about.

unloading it. I’m not sure who they would unload it to, but the, a lot of questions about the due diligence that happened when they acquired the last little bit of Siemens Gamesa, who reviewed the assets what happened on the engineering side for all these problems they’re having, who reviewed that, how much did it cost?

And maybe Phil, you saw something different than I saw, but, or read it something different, but Siemens was providing. No answers to questions like that. It was we had reviewed, we had, we thought we’re going to buy Siemens Kamesa in 22. The problems happened in early 23 and it’s just too late.

We’re locked into buying this thing. We still don’t have solutions for the problems on the four X and the five x platform. And a sub tier to that is they may end up suing the suppliers. Which suppliers those are, were not mentioned. There was some probing around that nobody knows. This is weird.

The whole situation is weird because there are very pointed questions asked of the board, but there were not much answers returned. And I, we’ll have to see what the stock price does, Phil, but is the industry getting confidence in Siemens Energy? Because it is profitable if you leave out Siemens Gamesa.

Strong company, obviously.

Philip Totaro: Sure. The challenge though was, they’re, they basically came out and said that they weren’t either misled or fed. Dodgy information for this to happen where you’ve got an issue that a blade Manufacturing issue that they still don’t seem to understand or at least if they do they’re not Communicating the fact that they understand it that they’ve resolved it and that they’re gonna get back to selling which is something we talked about, you know for the past few weeks and the reality of that is they must have been provided Either bad advisory, or they’re just somehow negligent in, their own job as leaders of this company.

And I’m, I just, I can’t really get my head around how you’re gonna say that you weren’t provided Incomplete information, or at least, maybe you just didn’t know enough to ask the right questions. But again, that’s on you, if you’re Siemens Energy and you got yourself into this situation, you really only have the mirror to look at.

Allen Hall: The blade issue was interesting in the discussion because the description that was given was they didn’t know there was a defect in the blade unless you got to these particular load conditions. It wasn’t like every blade’s gonna break, it just, it has to be. In a particular wind configuration, which they didn’t describe at all.

And so I interpreted that maybe the certification process wouldn’t have caught it. If there was a defect in the basic design that there’s some sort of odd load, wind load that they, or vibration or torque or something, it was hard to understand because it was such a high level what the detail was, which was a little confusing.

I think they would have helped themselves by just saying. It’s this. It’s wrinkles. Everybody has wrinkles. Wrinkles we can fix. But they didn’t say that, which makes me think it’s something a little more deeper into the design, the basic fundamental design.

Philip Totaro: Yeah, and keep in mind, by the way, they weren’t clear about who their suppliers are to the investors, but if, in case the investors want to know, their suppliers are at least for fabrics and pultrusions, they’re, companies in Europe and a couple in Turkey and China, and, one would assume, oh it may have been, like, the Chinese companies or whatever, dodgy parts or just cheaply made stuff.

But I’m not so sure, necessarily, because this, the pultruded rods, it’s a different, it’s obviously a different technology than just making a glass blade, even a glass blade that’s got high modulus material in it or there’s single shot cast blades like the, the B 75 and everything, that’s bigger than that this is, it’s a new technology, it was originally conceived of to be a carbon glass hybrid, and, again, maybe there’s just a fundamental issue with the way they were approaching the manufacturing of that.

Other companies have been using carbon glass hybrids, although not quite as as readily even Vestas is still using just the carbon pultruded rods for the big turbines even the big offshore turbines. Um, yeah, it’s, I will acknowledge the fact that it’s probably something that might have been missed by like a DNV or TUV or whoever they got to sign off on the certification.

Joel Saxum: I think it was UL. To be honest with you, I think it was UL. I’m not 100 percent on that, but I think it was.

Philip Totaro: Yeah, but that’s still the point. It’s, okay I buy into you could have loads cases that might have been outside the design parameters, but even with that, you always have safety factors, and so I still don’t really There’s something that we’re all missing with this, I guess is the easiest way to say it.

Joel Saxum: At some level, too. You can have The best looking FEA model in the world, but if you’re doing a FEA finite element analysis, that’s how it base, it’s CAD software that models all of these things, right? Testing and modeling are two separate things, but modeling usually comes first.

You can have the best modeling software solution in the world. However, they’re not always 100 percent correct, right? They’re, they can miss stuff too, because they’re only as good as they are ground truth. So there, it’s a possibility that this thing went through all kinds of certification testing. They never actually hit that load situation.

Whatever that may be. And FEA didn’t catch it because the FEA models didn’t catch it. There’s actually some pretty famous cases of that happening with bridges with load modeling and things like that. Of course, they were, it’s mostly frequency stuff.

Allen Hall: But Joel the issue I think is they haven’t started taking orders again, which makes me think there’s at least six months away from having an answer, right?

Joel Saxum: My biggest trouble here, Allen, you and I talked about the software earlier today. We were saying like, okay, you listened to the call. I didn’t listen to the call, but you saying they dodged some questions, right? Who, who did the investigation? Who did this? What’s going on here? And they still have not come.

To my knowledge, clean anywhere where they’re like, this is the issue. This is how it’s going to get fixed. This is when we’re going to start selling these things again, because we’re going to have an updated design model. And now it is okay. So today is February 26th. When this initially broke, I think it was actually August 26th when we were talking about this.

The first time, right? It’s, so it’s been six months now for a massive, and they late and they fired a bunch of engineers and they, so of course they’ve had third party consultants come in. Six months is a lot of time. You’re in a fiscal year, half a fiscal year cycle to not be able to say what’s really going on.

I’m think it’s too and that’s where you can see from an investor standpoint, from a person buying new turbines. If I was buying new turbines right now. I wouldn’t even invite him to the table because I’m not going to deal with what’s going on here. I’m going to say GE, Vestas, maybe some Nordex, depending on where I’m at, what’s going on.

Allen Hall: That’s my take on it. And Phil, what does that mean long term? If Siemens is expecting Siemens Gamesa to produce in the midterm, they’re not hoping for anything this year. Clearly, they’re looking towards 26, maybe even 27. The lack of orders right now is going to hurt them at 26 and 27. So is this a foregone conclusion at this point.

If this goes on another six months where they’re not selling 4X and 5X machines I don’t know if they can get out of that hole.

Philip Totaro: I would tend to agree. I think this is, and that would be just the craziest and saddest thing to, that you’ve ever seen in this industry, because Think about, 10 or 15 years ago, how, successful and how much Siemens Wind, Danish Siemens Wind, was thriving after, having gotten in bed with Bonus, and just building, tanks of wind turbines, basically.

Those things, we’re built to last and this whole thing. It’s, the investors have called this whole merger and nothing but a debacle, and I guess I would have to agree. But the investors even on the call today were like all right we’ll give you, a little more time, but this is your fair warning that if you don’t get your act together we’re coming for you and it’s going to be heads are going to roll and it’s, it couldn’t even lead to them not only selling off this wind energy business unit, which again, I don’t necessarily know who wants it, Cause in the history of the wind sector, nobody’s ever wanted to really buy a distressed asset, they all want an asset strip which is, the only thing that, that Siemens Gamesa is generating revenue on right now is, A lot of the legacy service contracts that they had plus what they asset stripped from Senveon when they, did exactly that.

So I’m slightly dubious as to how, and yes, they’re making some, or at least generating some revenue. I don’t even want to say making profit out of the offshore business, but that’s not enough to sustain what they’re doing with lack of orders and onshore. This is going to take way longer than 2026 and 2027 for them to turn it around financially.

Joel Saxum: Like you said, Phil, we don’t want, nobody wants this, nobody wants Siemens to have to fail to get parted out to anything. We, none of us want this. And we’ve been talking about the, all the bad since, like we said in August when they first announced some of these troubles. We heard whisperings in the field for a while, but then we heard it from the mothership there.

But the things the company’s doing good right now, right? The SG 14 236 direct drive machines, or the SG 14 222 direct drive machines, so they’re offshore division. They’re selling turbines. We just saw a big order come from 1. 5 Was it 1. 4 gigawatts for one order that we saw off? Yeah. And in the Baltic sea there, I was offshore Poland.

So there are things that are going good for Siemens energy. In, a different, I don’t know if I want to call it a silo or a revenue stream or whatever that may be, but in their offshore business unit, that’s. That’s going well.

Allen Hall: Joel, let me ask you this, because one of the discussions today, there was a lot of questions from employee investor groups back to Siemens.

The, it was an odd discussion because one of the rationales for buying Siemens Gamesa is so they could have more control over it. They had control over it. They had the majority stake in the company picking up their, is it because they weren’t, what was preventing them from controlling the company when they owned two thirds of it versus a hundred percent of it?

I don’t, I’m missing something here. Were they barred from entering parts of Seamus Gamesa? That just seems weird to me. If that’s a huge stake in a company, owning two thirds of it is a huge stake. The last third shouldn’t matter.

Joel Saxum: To be honest with you, and I know this is probably an unpopular opinion, but to me that seems like the difference between institutionalized investor communications and Joe Blow investor communications.

They’re telling people what they want to, almost telling people what they want to hear, because at the end of the day, yeah, if you’re Christian Perch, or Brock, or whatever his name is, And you own, or you have 60% you can step in there anytime you want and tell them what to do. That’s how it works.

Allen Hall: Are we wrong about that? I thought it was an odd answer to a simple question.

Philip Totaro: There’s gotta be some kind of reason that they were extremely transparent about having an issue, but then seem, they’ve had fumble after fumble. On not only this but a lot of other financial disclosure statements that they’ve made going back to May of last year, where again, yeah, that’s, the public announcement of this, like Joel’s been saying, came out in August, but.

We were hearing things as early as May that, their profitability was still going to be impacted. They must have known for weeks, if not months prior to this announcement in August. About this blade manufacturing issue. So this has been going on for at least nine months now and for them not to be able to publicly communicate that they have their arms around it is there is something fundamentally wrong and why Siemens energy management hasn’t already stepped in like why do they keep giving them a free pass even you know the and at the investor meeting, they were told you’re on probation was the quote that came out of the investor call.

Why is anybody still on probation after nine months of this going on? And six months of it going on publicly, where they’ve been just lurching from one PR mistake to another. That I just can’t get my head around.

Allen Hall: Let’s talk about the funding they received from the German government versus the lack of funding they’re getting from the Spanish government, right?

There is a number of investors, if I remember this correctly, Saying, why is Germany backing Siemens Energy? They don’t need to be doing that. The citizens of Germany don’t need to be doing that. And that’s wrapped around the context of Spain’s not doing anything. And so one of my thoughts watching this go on is why you, why did you buy this asset?

If you won’t need it, have control over it. Who are you taking control from? Was it from the Spanish government? Is that what they were talking about? Is there a context that we in America just don’t understand? Because to me, that seems like the bigger play. There are countries with a lot of employees at stake.

Is it a German Spanish discontinuity or some sort of disagreement that’s happening at the moment that we just don’t see because it’s all behind the scenes?

Philip Totaro: No I would say that it comes down to the people who were in control of Siemens Gamesa prior to the, majority ownership stake were, the investors and shareholders of Siemens Gamesa, of which Iberdrola was a big one and they’re obviously a major Spanish utility.

So there was definitely a Spanish influence, but I don’t think it was at a governmental level, per se. I think it was, see, Iberdrola, back in the Iberdrola slash Gamesa days, where, Iberdrola had a majority state there it gave them the opportunity to almost vertically integrate with the utility, a turbine supply.

And, you look at a lot of the legacy projects that if Angrid has in the United States, for instance, the overwhelming majority are some kind of a Gamesa, G80, G90, whatever. And, they did spread out to GE, they spread out to Vestas, they spread out to even Suzlon a few projects.

But a lot of what they did was just, a deliberate kind of repetitive process where it was easy to get projects, financed when they, banks knew okay, it’s Uberdrola asking for the money and they’re going to use it to mace a turban and Whatever the Gamesa performance record is, at least it’s known.

The devil you know beats the devil you don’t. That, that was what was being given up when Seaman’s Energy came in. And, and, also being given up when Seaman’s Wind and and Gamesa first merged. Ibadrola’s value got diluted and, equity holding got diluted down.

In, from that perspective, and then it was Siemens AG and then Siemens Energy saying okay, we’re gonna plow even more money into this, and they basically wedged Iberdrola out to the point where, I don’t know how much Iberdrola still holds, but it’s not much anymore. They definitely own some shares still, but it’s not any kind of even significant minority anymore.

Allen Hall: I’m seeing a Netflix special out of this at some point.

Joel Saxum: Or at least Prime. At least Prime.

Allen Hall: There is something happening here behind

Philip Totaro: the scenes.

The other interesting thing that came out of the call today was the fact that the company is basically agreeing to pay back the German government a minimum of a hundred million euro a year which I think is hysterical because if you remember how much the government guaranteed, it’s going to take them about twelve hundred years to pay back the whole thing, like it’s, that’s good luck with that.

Allen Hall: The German government just backed the banks wrote the loans. But, obviously they’re going to go to the German government to go cash it in, right?

That’s still part of the stipulation. Yeah. Lightning is an act of God, but lightning damage is not. Actually, it’s very predictable and very preventable.

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Engie took a 774 million impairment charge due to issues with, of all things Nordics, onshore wind turbines in the U. S., and they also took a hit on some long term U. S. energy prices in the kind of the southwest of the United States. So the Nordics turbines that Engie is complaining about only had a 30 percent availability. That seems pretty low, Joel. 30 percent availability is not where you want to be there. Nordex obviously declined to comment because they don’t do that, but what is going on here?

Joel Saxum: To put it in context, and Phil will probably have an exact number for this, but an armchair number, is, if you’re above 40, you’re doing really good. If you’re at 38, 39, that’s more average. Some sites, if you have a 50 percent availability site you’re really kicking it. But 30 is extremely low.

Philip Totaro: Yeah they do, so Engie owns at least four project sites according to our own data set, and it looks like the problem children may be Dakota Range 3, which at this point in time, even though it’s got a capacity factor of something like 39%, That project is in the red in terms of its lifetime profitability by about 7.

4 million. The, uh, Iron Star project seems like it’s also maybe has a bit of an issue, but Um, there’s, there have been reports of these kind of teething issues with Nordex turbines around the world. There was a project in Chile where they had a problem with a blade. Other issues in Australia with the same make and model, this N149 platform.

Which actually, when it works, it actually works very well. It performs just as well as like the Vestas B150. But there have been reports of teething issues and other things that have with kind of newly installed projects that have just started to have an impact.

And obviously now if it’s impacting a major customer like NG, who has been very loyal to Nordex Aciona throughout, this history they want to be able to buy more of these turbines. They certainly buy a lot of them in Europe, but for projects in the U. S. I think they’re, at a point where, we’re running out of turbine OEMs to buy turbines from at this point.

It’s like GE and Vestas are it. If you can’t buy from Siemens Gamesa and you can’t buy from Nordex because they’re not reliable enough, who else is going to step up?

Joel Saxum: Yeah, I know Allen and I have watched a few things happening in the background with the Nordex platforms.

I know there’s that project up in Prince Edward Island, Canada, but those are AW3000s. I do know some AW3000s on the Gulf Coast that have some issues, too. They have some pretty bad leading edge issues, they’ve got some lightning protection issues. Quite a few things going on there.

Allen Hall: Is that because Nordex is so established in Europe that just coming to America, it’s just a different environment?

Phil was, everything Phil mentioned was outside of Europe? But if you talk to people in Europe, they love NordX. It’s fantastic! It’s like the turban of choice.

Joel Saxum: Phil’s told us this, though, actually, because he said that they don’t get the good sights. They don’t always get them, right? If you’re gonna do a wind farm on PEI Prince Ed Yeah, over here, they don’t.

Prince Edward Island is that’s brutal up there. I golfed there once, and it sucked. I don’t know why. That was beautiful. I love the people. Shout out to my buddy Da Yeah, Dave Gallant. He’s my friend from PEI. He’s great, but the, it, like the wind up there, the conditions up there are brutal. And I know the other ones that are, then the other Axionas that I know of in the States that have some issues.

They’re right on the Gulf Coast. And those, that’s just a nasty atmosphere. You’re not, you’re on shore. Yes. However, you’ve got the Gulf of Mexico right there. You’ve got hurricanes blowing through. You’ve got this weird cloud layer that hangs most mornings all winter long. That’s about two, three kilometers from the beach.

There’s, so leading edge erosion is an issue there, but there and lightning’s bad because you’re right on the coast. So that’s those are in a bad spot. So if you’re. If everybody else is shooting for the other big, the big three and I would say Nordics is the, would be the big four in the United States, they’re just not getting the choice sites.

So they, things suffer. It’s a weird reality, but it’s reality.

Philip Totaro: And the site conditions in Europe are also very different, where they, the capacity factors are lower. You don’t have sites that have the potential to get up to a 40, 50, 60 percent capacity factor like we do over here. So I’m sure that those, because the legacy Nordex turbines are built like tanks and they can run and run for days, and there’s even some project sites in the U. S. that have the N90 2. 5s. And even some of these other of those kind of, N80, N90 kind of family of products. But the N149, the 155, and the 163 were all built based on the combination of Aciona Technology and Nordex, although heavily influenced by Nordex.

And so they, it’s just. A bit surprising. Every product that gets launched has some kind of, teething issues, product quality issues, what have you. And it’s just whether or not the company is, has the wherewithal to be able to stand behind what they’re doing and fix it. Which is why, again, it as we go back and contemplate what’s going on with Siemens you question how that devolved into such a state.

But again, with this situation, they’re going to get through this. Nordex does tend to make a quality product and, the challenge that they’ve got is because they don’t, seem like they perform as well, and then having this kind of a financial impact on a major customer like Engie the banks look at them like they’re just not as financeable.

It’s almost, it’s three tiers. There’s like GE and Vestas and then maybe there’s a tier like 1. 5 where you’ve got like Siemens Gamesa, and then you’ve got like a tier two, which is Nordex, and then tier three is like everybody else, including the Chinese OEMs. As far as getting financing in the U. S. market, and that’s just what the thing looks like. No. There is from the standpoint of. If you look at dollars for turbine capex, dollars per megawatt hour produced, which is actually a metric that we started tracking Nordax actually ended up lowering their turbine price so that they could get the same dollars per megawatt hour that GE gets.

So GE charges a price premium, but they also produce at a premium, so they, they can afford the price premium that they were charging, or at least they used to. Now again, there’s all kinds of commodity and raw material costs, baked in, et cetera, et cetera. But that’s what GE used to be able to do, is they used to command a price premium because they used to produce more with the same, megawatt platform that, that everyone else had.

And Nordex used to be forced, particularly with the Aciona turbines, but even to an extent with these new, N149, 55, 63 those platforms, they’ve had to lower the price to get the same dollars per megawatt hour production that GE and to an extent Vestas

Allen Hall: have.

That’s a little crazy, right?

Just build better turbines.

Joel Saxum: Call Allen Hall to design your LPS system. You can eliminate a lot of issues that way, and that would save a lot of money.

Allen Hall: Hey, Uptime listeners. We know how difficult it is to keep track of the wind industry. That’s why we read P. E. S. Wind magazine. P. E. S. Wind doesn’t summarize the news.

It digs into the tough issues. And P. E. S. Wind is written by the experts, so you can get the in depth info you need. Check out the wind industry’s leading trade publication, P. E. S. Wind at P. E. S. Wind dot com.

So obviously we’re all in sunny San Diego. You can tell from our tans. That we were in San Diego, we weren’t at, we were outside like maybe 10 minutes the whole week. That show was crazy in terms of the participation and the number of people from around the world that were there. A lot of activity on the exhibition floor.

I did not get into any of the sessions at all. Maybe Joel did. I didn’t because we were just so busy at the booth. taking questions about lightning protection. And that was a lot better than it has been in previous years.

Joel Saxum: Yeah, I’ll tell you a lot of communication about lightning. That’s an interesting one.

I’m not just saying this because it’s WeatherGuard and that’s what we do, but earlier in the week I was at Blades USA as well, and it seemed like whereas lightning has been a back office issue that people knew was there but didn’t really talk about that much and was more around leading edge erosion in the past years, right?

Or like certain structural cracks and things. Almost every person on stage at one point in time mentioned lightning. And, or, how are you handling lightning? And, or, what does it look like for crack propagate, or, damage propagation with lightning? One of the presentations was a quick patch, UV resin patch.

It’s hey, if you have a lightning damage and you want to close it up before winter, before, you actually have to deal with it, patch it over. Boom boom. But so a lot of talk about lightning and this was on the show floor as well. That exhibition, if you’ve never been there, is a lot of ISPs, quite a few blade people.

A lot of people from, like their central maintenance facility type thing. There were their procurement people are walking right with them. We met some people like that as well. They’re looking, they’re talking to. Blade ISPs or torque and tensioning companies, brake and maintenance, whatever it may be, but the companies that are out in the field working, keeping these turning turbines getting built and being ran, you see the big asset owners walking right hand in hand with their procurement people.

So you see people at the show, you’re like, I know a lot of blade engineers or a lot of, development engineers, but who are you? And he’s Oh, procurement. Okay. Yep. So they’re looking to see who’s out there. Who’s got the best solutions, who can offer them people. That was a big one too.

Hey, we’re looking for technicians or we need X amount of teams. Can you get these teams for us? So in that same breath, we talked about it at blades USA. We talked about OMS. We actually recorded a few segments that will be coming out. With different training facilities, Tower Training Academy in Las Vegas.

So they’re out in Nevada and they’re doing full GWOs top to bottom, a really cool opportunity there for people to get in was on the job training as well. I spoke with, recorded a little session with Blade Repair Academy, Alfred Crabtree and the team over there. So they’re training, wanting to train up more composite techs.

We talked with Kevin Doffing and Will Friedel a couple of vets that are in the industry with. Different in different areas and they’re talking about the opportunities to bring veterans into the workforce. And they did a panel of that at OMS as well. We know that’s an issue there’s, and we talked about it regularly at the show, but the ACP organization was also speaking about it too.

Allen Hall: I was surprised at the lack of new tech. Usually every year there’s something cool. Arones is bringing new things, obviously, but it’s derivative, a lot of derivatives this year.

Joel Saxum: The, we did see some new UV resin, UV curing stuff for blades. That was cool. Polytech had its new LEP, and, yeah, nothing against Polytech, but it’s another LEP solution, right?

It’s, but it’s custom curated to be for onshore. So we spoke with them, we recorded a little session with them. That’ll come out. We, but you’re correct, Allen. I’m walking around that show floor. It is a lot of bearing companies and gearbox companies and XYZ companies. And there is some innovative stuff out there, right?

Ping is there, but Ping’s been around now for a few years, right? They’re coming out with a new, some new stuff and one of their solutions, which is great. Some data backing up what they’ve been doing, but not a whole lot of nobody making a massive splash and people talking about it.

Oh, did you see that? Didn’t hear that.

Allen Hall: Yeah, which is a little odd because you think with the amount of effort going on in the United States, you would see more solutions being brought to bear and trying to drive the industry forward. I think one of the complaints you hear from the operators is we need to simplify this thing.

And we’re getting overwhelmed and the engineering staffs are too small for the number of projects that they own. It’s a constant problem.

Joel Saxum: I got an email back from someone today. We connected with a lot of people on solving their lightning issues with Weather Guard. I got an email back today that was like, man, we really want to engage with you guys.

However, we’re hiring another Blade engineer and they’ll have to take that project down in April when they get here because we don’t have the capacity to even have the conversations, which is crazy, right? But to forward your point there, we talk about this regularly. It’s a pain point of mine personally that the U. S. doesn’t bring enough Innovation to the space, all of those solutions I talked about don’t come from here. Ping Graz, Austria, Polytech, Denmark. The, our friends from PowerCurve were there with their AeroVista product, Denmark. Bergalin, Germany, right? So the UV resin cure stuff, Germany, Aerones Latvia, nothing is coming from here.

Allen Hall: It’s bizarre because the number of Germans in the United States outweighs anything in Europe. And it’s the marketplace for it.

Joel Saxum: There’s investment companies floating around. I’m talking with people talking with some that were there hunting some investments, talking with some that are part of investments for some of these solutions that are out there.

And they all say the same thing. Where’s the investments that we can invest in here in the States? And they’re just not there.

Allen Hall: Yeah. Isn’t that funny? I ran up to VCs on the floor that were like, Hey, we’re looking to invest. We don’t really need money right now, but I know companies that do, and so we would, I’d help connect them up.

I do think there is a lot of cash ready to go to push some new technology forward in the United States that just isn’t the company to put it into, or companies to put it into. The companies we know, the Sky Specs those type of companies are flush with cash already, right? Everybody’s poured their money in there.

It’s the sort of the next generation of those companies that’s is they’re waiting for because they do see the opportunities a lot of wind. Repowering going on in the United States. It does seem like there’s opportunities out there and maybe we’ll see more of it in Minneapolis. So also we should talk about where OEM and S is going to be held at next year.

But if you don’t know already, at the end of the conference, they started blurring country music on we’re in San Diego. It’s not really a San Diego kind of music theme.

Joel Saxum: I heard the music, but I didn’t realize that’s what they were doing. I even saw people line dancing in the aisles and I was like, man, I would, you couldn’t pay, you couldn’t pay me to do that.

And then I just, now that you said that, put that together.

Allen Hall: So the next OMS is going to be in Nashville, Tennessee, the home of the Grand Ole Opry. And I, I don’t see that as a wind place. Tennessee doesn’t have a lot of wind turbines or a lot of wind energy. One, one project. Yeah. Yeah. It’s not easy to get to, you can’t one flight it to Nashville.

It doesn’t have really an international airport. Maybe they fly to Canada from Nashville, but that’s about it. You’re not coming from Denmark landing in Nashville straight out. A little bit of an odd one. Maybe they’re trying to mix it up a little bit, but we’re going to be in Minneapolis in a couple of seems like weeks now, Joel, for the big ACP, that one’s going to be interesting.

Cause it’s going to be cold in Minneapolis still. So it wasn’t like sunny San Diego.

Joel Saxum: Yeah, a few years ago, the Minnesota Twins, they built a new stadium, and it’s an open air stadium. And they start baseball. It’s being April in Minneapolis. It makes no made no sense to me when they did it. And they’ve had to move games, so that could happen.

I’m from the Upper Midwest, right? So we’ll see some friends and stuff in Minneapolis. It’s gonna be good. There’s a couple of operators up there. There’s some insurance companies up there. A lot of Chicago’s closed. So people will come from there. That’s going to be fantastic. But the first week in May in Minneapolis, just so you guys know, check the weather because it could be 85 degrees in Minneapolis or it could be snowing.

We don’t know.

Allen Hall: That’s going to do it for this week’s Uptime Wind Energy Podcast. Thanks for listening. Please give us a five star rating on your podcast platform and subscribe in the show notes below to Uptime Tech News, our weekly newsletter. And check out Rosemary’s YouTube channel, Engineering with Rosie, and we’ll see you here next week on the Uptime Wind Energy Podcast.

ACP OM&S Recap, Siemens Energy Shareholder Meeting, Nordex Underperforms with Engie

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Pardalote Studies Australian Blade Erosion and Heat Fatigue

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Pardalote Studies Australian Blade Erosion and Heat Fatigue

Rosemary Barnes, CEO and founder of Pardalote Consulting, joins to discuss their new grant-funded study of blade erosion and heat fatigue in Australia.

Sign up now for Uptime Tech News, our weekly newsletter on all things wind technology. This episode is sponsored by Weather Guard Lightning Tech. Learn more about Weather Guard’s StrikeTape Wind Turbine LPS retrofit. Follow the show on YouTubeLinkedin and visit Weather Guard on the web. And subscribe to Rosemary’s “Engineering with Rosie” YouTube channel here. Have a question we can answer on the show? Email us!

Welcome to Uptime Spotlight, shining light on wind energy’s brightest innovators. This is the progress powering tomorrow

Allen Hall 2025: Well, Rosemary, welcome back to the show.

Rosemary Barnes: Thanks, Allen. Great to be here. For, it’s been a while since we did one of these one-on-one episodes, like a, yeah, a proper, proper guest. 

Allen Hall 2025: Well, this is kind of a celebratory episode because your company, Pardalote Consulting, has been awarded, uh, some funding from the Australian Capital Territory’s government for the Energy Innovation Fund.

Rosemary Barnes: It’s a really good program that the ACT government has to try and get energy innovation In the state. It’s not a state actually, it’s technically a territory. Little more than just Canberra, the city. Uh, but there are actually quite a few, like, really interesting energy-related companies here, partly ’cause of the, the fund I think helps, but also just tracing back like, [00:01:00] uh, y- you know, in the 20-teens, Australia had a really conservative government that hated renewable energy, and the ACT government had a commitment at that time to 100%, um, 100% renewable electricity for the, the government.

And that was one of the only programs that was resulting in a lot of, um, you know, clean energy projects being built, and one of the conditions that they put on that, uh, for people that would win PPAs with the ACT was that you had to have your headquarters in Canberra. So we’ve actually got quite a few, quite a few really cool, innovative companies out of here.

Um, like Neoen’s headquarters here. Windlab, uh, yeah, was, was founded here and still has a lot of people here. Pardalote obviously, and you know, a few other companies as well. So despite it being a small city of like, I don’t know, maybe it’s up to 400,000 or something people by now, um, yeah, there is actually quite a lot going on here for energy.

Allen Hall 2025: And the Energy Innovation Fund is funded by the wind and solar operators in the area, and your particular [00:02:00] effort has really global consequences. You’re focusing on two areas involving how wind turbines survive Australia, but more, uh, of relevance is to just really tough conditions which exist not just in Australia but around the world.

What two areas are you going to focus on?

Rosemary Barnes: Yeah. So the two focus areas are leading edge erosion and high temperature fatigue, which we can probably get into the definitions of those in a minute. But basically my, um– what led me to wanna have a project like this was that when I moved back to Australia in 2021, I– and I started working in O&M, uh, I noticed that the wind turbines that I would look at, the blades that I would look at here behaved really differently to the ones that I worked with overseas.

You know, es- especially with leading edge erosion, like often I would be doing a condition assessment of a, you know, a new wind farm. Um, might only have been operating for, you know, two years. That’s a pretty common time for people to get in and do a condition assessment [00:03:00] because their warranty period is about to end and they wanna, you know, make sure that everything is okay.

Um, and I would just notice that often, like 90, 100% of blades would already have bad erosion after just a couple of years, which is super-duper fast. And then there are some tools available to check, um, like what kind of erosion are you likely to experience on your site. Like is it a higher severity erosion site or a, a low severity one?

Um, and you basically, you know, the status quo globally is to just look at the annual rainfall, um, and the tip speed. And if you’ve got, you know, high for both of those, that’s a bad erosion site. And if you’ve got low for both of those, it’s a, a low erosion site. But when I plotted out the wind farms that I knew had really bad erosion problems onto, you know, a chart with those two axes, I just saw a random distribution of dots.

You know? Like, this was not– uh, this had no predictive value for Australian wind farms. And so that led me to believe that, okay, um, you know, things are a bit [00:04:00] different here. Makes sense, you know, most of the knowledge that we have about how wind turbines operate, it’s been developed and validated mostly in Northern Europe.

You know? Like it’s, it’s Denmark and the surrounding countries that had, like, the bulk of the early wind energy. First few decades of knowledge were, you know, were mostly there. Of course, there were some other, um, places that had wind turbines, but, you know, most of the The OEMs have been operating for decades, came from Denmark.

And I know when I lived in Denmark, the rain there is very different to the rain in Australia. So in Denmark, it’s basically always raining, right? Like, it’s just… Like, even if it’s not raining, you’re still gonna get wet when you go outside ’cause it’s just, like, the air has this just amazing ability to just hold onto moisture.

Um, but it’s very, very gentle. But, you know, over an entire year of most days having gentle rain, that adds up to a lot. Whereas in Australia, and especially if you go, like, north to Queensland, it rarely rains. It’s mostly just dry, and when it [00:05:00] does rain, it’s like a tap turns on, and I, I swear you will get bruised from the rain droplets hitting your skin.

You know, they just have so much energy in them. So I think that that i- you know, when you look at just the overall rainfall, you really hide something important about how erosion, um, can progress. Then, um, there’s other places in Australia that have very different characteristics. Again, they don’t have that kind of really intense rain but, you know, some of those sites are also having really bad erosion.

And so it just occurred to me, I did a lot of research, you know, into what’s going on and, you know, the academics are studying erosion a whole lot, and they’ve got, you know, a lot of standardized tests and, you know, products are developed according to these standardized tests. But the standardized tests don’t actually resemble reality, and especially they don’t resemble reality in Australia.

And so my client started asking me, “Okay, you know, the products that we have are, are terrible. We have to replace them every couple of years. It’s, um, causing big problems with also [00:06:00] the amount of energy that you’re losing.” One of the types of, um, leading-edge erosion or leading-edge problems that we have in Australia is that the, the coatings tend to peel off and make these, like, big flakes which will just massively disrupt the airflow, can cause y- you know, at least a few percent AEP loss, and maybe up to five.

And even worse than the AEP loss is the revenue loss because it affects it most at, you know, lower wind speeds. Um, you get a bigger hit than at rated wind speeds. So there’s a variety of problems going on with leading edges in Australia, which mean that I, I basically… My clients would ask, “What product should we put on to prevent having to, you know, constantly replace this?”

‘Cause it costs, like- you know, 30, $40,000 per turbine to replace the protection, not to mention, you know, one or two days of downtime. It’s expensive, and I basically, I didn’t have a good answer for them. What, what product should they put on? I don’t know. No, we, we don’t know. One, we don’t know what the [00:07:00] specific, um, characteristics are that are…

what the specific local environment, local conditions are that are accelerating leading-edge erosion, one. And two, all of the products tend to be tested around this, you know, there’s this protocol that academics have come up with, and they’ve kind of like assumed that this is representative of how things behave in the field, and it’s– I don’t think it’s particularly true anyway, but it’s especially not true in Australia.

There are a few companies that are testing to different standards. Um, definitely applaud them. But without knowing wha- what are the conditions truly like in Australia, uh, it’s really hard to advise, like, what kind of tests should you be demanding from a product you’re considering to be sure that you’re gonna put it on and not gonna be replacing it again in two years.

Allen Hall 2025: Because that’s really the trouble in Australia is when you get offered products They have been tested generally in somewhere in Europe and maybe in the United States, and then when they go to [00:08:00] Australia, it’s really unknown as to how those products will do, which is a huge risk for the Australian wind market as to what to choose, how to choose, is it– what’s real in terms of test data.

So now you’re gonna go out and do what? Are you gonna put sensors out by the wind farms? Are you gonna try to do more of a statistical summary of the actual environment around wind farms using existing data? What’s the approach here?

Rosemary Barnes: It’s all of the above, but the part that is supported by the grant is that we’re gonna have enough money to be able to buy some scientific-grade sensors and put them on, um, a sample of Australian wind farms.

So we’re gonna be looking at a lot more characteristics about the rain than simply is it raining now, you know, how many millimeters per hour. We’re also gonna be investigating, you know, every kind of characteristic of, of that, um, of that rain, um, including, yeah, like the, the energy that’s in it, for example.

A, a bunch of stuff. I won’t get into every single [00:09:00] parameter. Um, and you know, other things as well, like measuring UV, solar radiation, um, particles, because, you know, in Australia we have a lot of dirt roads, which I know is very common in wind farms around the world, but Australian dirt roa- roads are always dry and dusty, like 99% of the time, so that’s one of the things that y- you know, maybe that’s causing a difference.

Um, so basically putting sensors all over a bunch of wind turbines and then monitoring the erosion, um, a combination of some real-time monitoring and also looking at inspection, um, drone inspection images annually. We also have a- an option where we’ll just be using SCADA data and inspection images, so that’s like a lower cost version where we can combine that with the findings from the scientific-grade instrumented turbines to build up a picture of what types of conditions lead to accelerated erosion.[00:10:00]

Allen Hall 2025: So the SCADA data will, will have some information inside of it, you think, that, uh, will correlate to the weather outside?

Rosemary Barnes: It has some Additionally, we can look up, um, you know, just the weather data, like how many millimeters fell during which 15-minute interval throughout the day, what was the temperature.

SCADA will tell us also what the temperature was, um, what the speed of the turbine was, so you can calculate the tip speed, ’cause that’s an important thing. Um, yeah, so it’s, it’s two, it’s two tiers of data collection. The scientific grade sensors, as you can imagine, are, are really expensive and y- you know, the, the grant project has contributed a, a lot of funding, um, but it’s not enough to put those, yeah, put a little mini lab on top of every turbine across Australia, obviously.

So that we’re using s- doing selectively, and then we can increase the number of wind farms that are included in the study by just doing this, um, cheaper version of the SCADA [00:11:00] plus, uh, weather data that’s available.

Allen Hall 2025: So what are some of the risks on the temperature side for all the high-temperature regions of Australia that have wind turbines?

Clearly it’s generally warmer in Australia than it is in, in Scandinavia and Northern Europe. What kind of temperatures are we talking about on the ground?

Rosemary Barnes: Uh, well, temperatures here can get pretty close to 50 degrees. Um, and if you’ve ever been inside a wind turbine blade on a, even a mildly hot day, you’ll know that the temperature inside a wind turbine, and especially inside the blade, is much hotter than what it is, uh, what the ambient temperature is.

So this project is one– I’ve actually been talking about this project for, yeah, like over 10 years now. Ever since I started, I moved to Denmark, started working for a wind turbine manufacturer, I had done– I had just finished doing my PhD on composite materials, structural design, and analysis. So, um, yeah, very, very familiar with, [00:12:00] you know, how composite materials work and, in particular, the effect that temperature has on them.

I mean, like most materials, when composites get warmer, they get softer, and that is really important for a w- a wind turbine blade. You know, if it gets, um, less stiff, then you’re gonna get a lot more strain, and that is going to affect your fatigue behavior. Y- you know, fatigue is just the application of a little bit of, a small amount of strain.

It’s not gonna cause damage, but when you apply it millions, tens of millions of times, like you do in a, o- over a wind turbine’s operate, um, operating lifetime, then that builds up. And, you know, wind turbine blades are a very fatigue-driven design. Um, it’s one of the most important things to consider when you’re designing a wind turbine blade.

And so when I got to Denmark and I learned how materials are qualified and how the qualification is treated in the certification process, I just realized it’s not particularly conservative, and also that some of the assumptions that are made that [00:13:00] wo- again, they worked really well in more moderate climates where wind turbines have had most of their developmental history.

You know, it’s not such a big deal there if you test at room temperature. Your wind turbine blade is spending most of its operating lifetime at room temperature or below. It’s, it’s rarely, you know, above 30 degrees in Denmark and most of Northern Europe and, you know, also a lot of, um, a lot of America, not, not all of it But, um, in Australia it has just extended periods above that temperature and even exceeding the temperature where, you know, wind turbines have an operating limit and after that they will shut down.

But the operating limits are based on ambient temperature. It’s not based on what’s the temperature in the laminate, which is what really matters for blade lifetime. So anyway, I’ve been obsessed, like honestly obsessed about this issue for 10 years. Talked about it with anybody who would listen . But then when I started working in O&M in [00:14:00] Australia and I started seeing some wind farms with an abnormal number of cracks early…

again, early in their lifetime, you know, I think one of the wind farms I was looking at was maybe three years old or four at the time. I think it was three actually, and had a lot of cracks, and I looked at a few years in a row and it was more and more cracks every year and I’m like, “Oof, this really looks like end of life fatigue behavior.”

A- actually it’s not, y- you know, there’s this concept of a bathtub curve where, um, when you’re looking at failures in components, in, in anything, not just in, um, wind turbine blades, but you know, like you’d start– it’s called a bathtub because, you know, when it starts operating, you’ll get quite a lot of failures.

Anything big, any manufacturing defects or anything are gonna cause failures quite fast, and that kind of drops off over time as all of those, uh, get addressed. And then you have, you know, the bulk of your operating life, it’s like pretty low level, pretty, pretty constant for a long time and then as you get towards the end of the [00:15:00] life, you start to see failure rates rise up again.

That’s your fatigue failures, your end of life fatigue failures. And so when I saw the same types of cracks more and more each year, I’m like, “This looks like, you know, the foot end of the bathtub, not the head end.” And, uh, it made me worried and I’ve now seen that across a few wind farms in Australia at, um, hotter places.

There’s a few blade types that are more prone to it than others, but at this point it’s still a suspicion that that’s what’s going on. I mean, a suspicion backed by a lot of, a lot of theory and knowledge of how the certification process works. But this project now we’ve got some funding to actually go put some sensors onto wind turbines, actually learn what the temperatures are in the blades throughout the whole laminate, um, not just the, you know, on the outside surface or not just the ambient temperature, but actually, you know, develop a temperature gradient across the whole, um, the whole laminate in the blade shell.

Um, and [00:16:00] then we’re going to be doing a bunch of modeling basically to look at what is the effect of these different temperatures that blades are really seeing and how much would we expect to… that to decrease a lifetime. And then we should also be able to say, you know, if you have this issue in your wind farm, you might be able to change your operation a little bit and extend your lifetime a lot.

Because this one, it’s real– like, in contrast to leading edge erosion, leading edge erosion is just, it’s, you know, every wind turbine has it to a certain extent, and it, it’s always there, but it’s a relatively minor cost to fix it. You know, like it sounds like a lot, like 30, $40,000 per wind turbine, but, um, you know, compared to if you’ve got to replace every blade across your fleet because they’re all, you know, at the end of their life after five years, you know, that’s obviously shocking.

And, you know, that’s a bad example, but even in a y- you know, like a less extreme example, maybe [00:17:00] after 15 years you have to do a, you know, a f- a fleet-wide campaign to strengthen blades or something. It’s, you know, m- many millions of dollars for that, and so it c- could make sense to be able to learn, okay, what, what hours of operation should we be avoiding?

Additionally, because when it’s super-duper hot in Australia, usually you’ve got heaps of solar power and the electricity price is not that high. So I, I think that there– and I don’t, obviously, before we’ve done the project, I don’t know what the threshold is. But in both cases, we will be aiming to improve the knowledge of how you can operate to avoid these periods of accelerated damage.

Allen Hall 2025: Do you think you’re seeing more fatigue-like damage due to the blades operating when it’s hot or not operating when it’s hot, with maybe less airflow around the blade and maybe less cooling going on is just a temperature soak At rest? [00:18:00]

Rosemary Barnes: Yeah. It’s interesting because the temperature is higher if it’s not rotating, um, because you get a whole lot of, um, convective heat, heat transfer when the turbine is operating.

So your temperatures are not gonna get as hot when operating as when they’re standing still. However, if it’s standing still, they’re only very lightly loaded. Like, yes, they’re gonna get, um, blown by, by gusts and, um, have a little bit of bending, but it’s, it’s very, very small compared to, uh, if it is y- you know, operational loads.

Uh, assuming that you’re not in the middle of a s- a storm. But yeah, a storm probably doesn’t come with 50 degrees temperatures.

Allen Hall 2025: And what part of the blade is susceptible to these higher temperatures? Is it the resin? Is it the fiberglass or carbon fiber? Or is it the, the glue, the bond joints? What part are you focused on?

Rosemary Barnes: The resin is the main part that I’m focused on. It gl- it could be an issue for glue too, actually. I haven’t even looked into what the, um, yeah, temperature assumptions are with, with glue, with [00:19:00] bond lines. But the failures that I’m seeing in the field are not, are not bond line issues. It’s, it’s, um, a laminate problem.

Allen Hall 2025: What about balsa and foam inside of the blade? Are they affected by the temperatures or are they pretty temperature stable?

Rosemary Barnes: I don’t think they’re affected at these kinds of temperatures, no. They, they don’t really do much actually. The, the core materials, like it, it is very important that they’re, that they’re there, but their job is really to keep the fiberglass separated from its- itself to make it stiffer.

So, um, yeah, that’s, that’s unlikely to be a, a major source of problems.

Allen Hall 2025: So this study is gonna work over about three years, and you have a number of wind farms that are participating. Are you looking for more wind farms to participate in Australia?

Rosemary Barnes: Yeah. Yeah, definitely. I mean, we can, um, have as many as, as people want to join.

We’ve got quite a good selection so far. Definitely can always welcome more. A, a bit limited in how many can get the really, um, good sensor [00:20:00]package, because the grant funding is a, you know, a certain amount, and that’s paying the bulk of those sensors. So, um, those spots are limited. So if anybody wants to really zone in on what is specifically causing erosion on their site, you know, if you know that you have got leading edge protection that is not good enough and you have to replace it soon, but you don’t know what to replace it with, then, you know, that would be the kind of wind farm that might want to consider, yeah, joining this and, um, you know, getting these sensors on their, um…

We’re putting them on top of the nacelles, most of them. Um, yeah, so that would be a good match then. Um, and then, yeah, for the ones that are doing the SCADA data and, um, weather data- There’s not such a, a hard limit on how many we can have join like that. So yeah, we can have more, more like that.

Allen Hall 2025: In the temperature fatigue effort, i- is that still looking for participants or are there particular wind turbine types or manufacturers that you’re [00:21:00] looking for to participate?

Rosemary Barnes: Yeah, I think, um, I, I mean yes, we can have more of those. That’s a simpler, a, a simpler issue as well. The sensors are not so expensive and, um, it’s, yeah, it’s a, it’s a simpler project to join that one. We only need, you know, a couple of turbines per site, so it won’t be such a, uh, an involved process to get everything up on into the turbines.

And in terms of who might like to join that, I would say anybody that is in a really hot area where, you know, where they see a lot of days over 30 degrees, and if they see any days, you know, getting into the high 40s, then I would say that that’s worthwhile. Or even I have seen this issue in some milder sites, um, yeah, depending on the, on the blade type as well.

It is more common with polyester resins. They have a, a lower op- uh, maximum operating temperature than epoxy resins. But then also just anybody that has noticed just, hey, [00:22:00] we’ve got a lot of cracks, and it seems like we’re getting more and more cracks every year, which to be honest, can be hard to keep track of if you’re…

If you’ve got a full service agreement, uh, you know, an OEM managing your wind farm The early signs of this are gonna be category one and category two cracks. They’re not in exactly the same location. It’s, you know, it’s a tricky one. Normally, if you’re looking at a serial issue, then you’re going to have, uh, well, you know, your ideal pattern for a serial issue is the exact same thing happening over and over again.

And so it is harder to pull this out. It also really would be very rare for it to be happening in the first two years or three years, whatever your serial defect liability period is. So it’s quite hard. But, um, another group of wind farms that might like to consider it is if you know that in, you know, a certain number of years you have to renegotiate your service agreement or, you know, it ends and you might have to take over yourself, then this’ll be a really good way for you to [00:23:00] understand, you know, have I got a ticking time bomb here?

Um, because it’s not something that you’re gonna be aware of if you haven’t been, you know, doing some really, really in-depth shadow, shadow monitoring of your blades, you know, running your own inspections and looking at every single damage, not just category three, four, five, but lower ones. So yeah, I mean, there’s a, a wide variety of people that, that could be interested in joining.

Allen Hall 2025: Are you expecting a number of manufacturers that make leading-edge protection or involved in resin creation, some– there’s a number of resin companies and a variety of resins that are used globally, sort of interchangeably at times. Are you expecting some of those companies to participate in this effort just to learn about the Australian environment?

Rosemary Barnes: I think it would be a good opportunity to test out some products and see how they behave in the Australian context. I think that that would be a really good selling point, but I, I have to say that most of the companies doing that sort of thing that wanna enter Australia, they don’t [00:24:00] really consider…

Like, from the perspective of wind farm owners in Australia, if you can’t show us wind farms in Australia where this has worked and, you know, show us a before or after, you know, the old LEP lasted Two years and our LEP is going on four years now with no damage. It, you know, unless you’ve got a before and after like that, you can tell us however many turbines that you’ve got installed around the world, but, um, we don’t consider it validated, y- you know?

It’s not validated for Australian conditions yet. And I do have this same discussion over and over again with, you know, not just leading edge protection, but all kinds of, um, you know, manufacturers of whatever doodads that you put on to improve a, a wind turbine. It’s so different to Australia. Things break so fast.

And I’m talking everything, you know, like vortex generators fall off and, um, yeah, like, uh, you know, bits of lightning protection systems fall off, seals just [00:25:00] crumble and disintegrate. Um, and it, you know, we’re very wary of, of new products. So I, I do– I mean, I’m thinking of it more from my client’s point of view than from the product manufacturer’s point of view.

But one thing that I wanna get out of this pro- project is to be able to answer one of the most common questions that I get is, which is, what leading edge protection should I be putting on my turbine? And for now, I don’t know. I, I know a range of products that don’t work in Australia, and not much more than that.

So, um, yeah. And it’s also, you know, Australia’s a very varied place with lots of different kinds of climate too. So it’s not gonna be like, you know, the product that works in Queensland is the same one that’s gonna work in Tasmania, which is the same one that’s gonna work in Western Australia. You know, um, so it, this project is gonna really pull out what are the site specific issues you’ve got at your site and what kinds of, um, you know, tests would we need to see a product um, perform in order to know that this [00:26:00] is gonna last on your site.

Allen Hall 2025: W- what is the outcome of this project or these two projects? Are they gonna be reports or, uh, a, a continual monitoring system that’s designed for the Australian environment? How do you see this going?

Rosemary Barnes: Yeah, so one part of it is, um, developing a way to identify periods of accelerated damage and to know not to operate during that time.

So we call it protective operation. Uh, so that would, uh, help you if, yeah, you’re trying to extend the life of something or increase the amount of time before you have to repair, then y- you know, that would be useful to have that knowledge. And it will be as simple as just an alert saying, “Hey, accelerated damage conditions.

Consider, you know, if you wanna keep on operating.” And, you know, if the price of electricity is super high at that time, they may want to push through, and if it’s low, they probably won’t want to. So that’s one thing. Um, especially, you know, as wind turbines get to their, near the end of their life. I’ve got some clients whose wind farms only have, you know, [00:27:00] maybe five years operation left.

They just simply don’t wanna repair their leading edge protection again. They just, they, they don’t wanna do that. So they would be happy to, you know, reduce operation a bit and have their turbine limp through to the end of the period. Y- you know, you want everything to wear out at once. You don’t want brand-new leading edge protection on a turbine that’s going to come down in a couple of years.

Um, so, you know, that’s, that’s one part of it. And then the other thing is, you know, turbines earlier in their lifetime, how can we optimize the maintenance schedule with leading edge erosion? Um, so, you know, like it’s a lot cheaper to, uh, replace the LEP if you get– catch it early, but then you don’t wanna be catching it too early and replacing it, you know, constantly when you, you don’t need to.

So, um, yeah, it, this, having this knowledge will enable a site-by-site operations and maintenance strategy with respect to leading edge protection. We also have some sites who are having trouble. They’ve got a full service agreement, and the OEM is [00:28:00] responsible for, um, doing the leading edge erosion repairs and protection replacement, but the owner is on the hook for paying for it.

At the other end, we’ve got people with full service agreements where technically the, um, manufacturer is supposed to be doing the leading edge protection and paying for it, but they argue about what, when does it need to be done. Because, you know, um, the operator might think if there’s no structural risk, then we don’t need to be replacing it.

And in the meantime, you’ve got turbines spinning around for years and years and years with, you know, these huge flakes of leading edge protection s- you know, causing the flow at the tip of the turbine to, to detach and to stall, and horrible aerodynamics, huge losses in power generation and revenue. And they’re having a big fight about, you know, is this necessary to do or not?

And then, you know, they’re just gonna put the exact same product on again ’cause the [00:29:00] OEMs are re- all really, really wedded to their own particular brand. It’s like, “Well, last time we had this product and it was factory applied, it lasted one year before it s- it was worse than, you know, if it wasn’t there at all.

Uh, we don’t really want you to put that one on again.” And so, you know, having the information that they need to be able to, you know, really bring data to these discussions and, you know, makes a, yeah, data not drama. That’s a, a good approach I think, um, for any kind of negotiation and especially in the case of leading edge erosion.

And then for the high temperature fatigue part of the problem, aside from, you know, just wanting to know are your blades aging, should you be looking at remediation action or changing the operation, the other really big key thing is, uh, you might need to have a fight with y- your OEM about if this turbine has been designed and operated correctly.

And so then having the data from this, um, project is going to give you the information that you need to come into that [00:30:00] argument with, again, the data not the drama. Um, and to, you know, in- increase your chances of succeeding in that kind of really tricky negotiation.

Allen Hall 2025: So if you’re an OEM or a manufacturer of equipment, an ISP, an operator, pretty much all aspects of wind operations, you probably ought to be getting a hold of Pardalote Consulting and Rosemary to talk about the opportunity to participate in this study.

How do people get ahold of you to, to do that?

Rosemary Barnes: People can go to our website, pardaloteconsulting.com, and get in touch via the contact form there, or you can, uh, look me up on LinkedIn, Rosemary Barnes. That’s probably the easiest, fastest way to get ahold of me personally.

Allen Hall 2025: Well, Rosemary, congratulations on the Energy Innovation Fund Awards and the new three-year effort.

If you are interested in participating with Pardalote Consulting and working with Rosemary and her team [00:31:00] in Australia, reach out to her on LinkedIn and get that process started, because this report and the data from all this analysis that’ll happen over the next couple of years will be important to the wind industry.

So you need to spend some time and get ahold of Rosemary and get this process started now. So Rosemary, congratulations. Uh, thanks for being back on the podcast, and looking forward to, uh, the next couple of years. It sh- should be exciting.

Rosemary Barnes: Thanks so much, Allen.

Pardalote Studies Australian Blade Erosion and Heat Fatigue

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Renewable Energy

Artificial Stupidity?

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We all understand that there are ultra-conservatives living all around us, but does anyone truly believe that our schoolteachers are ruining our society by teaching children the truth about U.S. and world history? Science? Current events?

Slavery and Jim Crow laws were bad.  Fascism is bad.  Our scientists are telling us that CO2 emissions are causing world temperatures to rise, destroying our planet’s capacity to support life.

Whom do these concepts upset?

Artificial Stupidity?

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No Such Thing as a “Dumb Question”

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There is nothing dumb about the question posed at left.  Democracies fail, falling into “banana republics” constantly.  The rate at which democracies become tyrannies is so great that some of them never make the news. Can you tell me anything about the governments of Eritrea or Chad?

What makes the situation in the United States is, yes, that it’s happening here in the United States, the very last place anyone would have suspected it.

You might have thought that Americans wouldn’t have voted for their nation to become Russia or North Korea.

You would have been wrong.

No Such Thing as a “Dumb Question”

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