Mukhtar Babayev is COP29 President and Azerbaijan’s Minister of Ecology and Natural Resources.
It has been a noisy few months since the COP29 climate summit in Baku. Unpredictability, volatility, distraction and confusion are all enemies of focused and sustained climate action.
Committed climate actors face a challenge: how do we keep the world focused on the need for action and investment amidst competing demands on attention and resources? The answer – concentrate on concrete steps that we can take now.
People may disparage the process of multilateral diplomacy. It is an easy target. But in such difficult times, it proves its worth.
Its norms and its frameworks for collective action provide much-needed anchors to help us weather the storms. Its North Stars – or Southern Crosses for our southern hemisphere friends – allow us to focus the constructive energies of committed climate actors as we navigate uncharted waters.
Brazil calls on local groups to “inspire” governments in boosting climate action
Even without everyone on board the ship, the process makes sure we keep moving forward. In this light, the outcomes of COP29 demonstrate that multilateralism can prevail, even in the face of persistent challenges and uncertainties.
It also provides us with a tapestry of promises that we must fulfill. Stitched together over time, they form a patchwork roadmap.
Goal to triple UN climate fund outflows
At COP26, governments pledged to double adaptation finance by this year. In Baku, we collectively committed to tripling the outflows from official UNFCCC funds by 2030 before we ultimately mobilise the full Baku Finance Goal of $300 billion per year by 2035.
These milestones matter. They help us measure progress. They give us a reference point so we can stay on course.
Small Island States and the Least Developed Countries put the 2030 target for official UNFCCC funds on the agenda in Baku because these bodies know how to help the most vulnerable and they are answerable to them. Organisations such as the Green Climate Fund (GCF) are focused on achieving the most positive climate impacts and making sure finance is accessible to those who need it.
Green Climate Fund looks at capital-market borrowing to meet COP29 goal
Unfortunately, we know that a promise made is not always a promise kept. We recognise that work is needed to hold everyone to account for their pledges and keep them focused. Political will needs to be maintained. Financial commitment needs to be fought for every step of the way.
The Copenhagen ministerial meetings last week were an essential touchpoint. We heard again from Small Island States and the Least Developed Countries about the importance of the official funds such as the GCF, the Adaptation Fund, and the Fund for Responding to Loss and Damage.
Getting finance ministers onboard
Others may be distracted, but these countries – some of whom are literally facing climate extinction – remember these critical promises. They remember how every country agreed to them, and they are insistent that collectively they must be delivered.
The overarching Baku Finance Goal was Azerbaijan’s top negotiating priority for COP29, and we will remain active to make sure that it is delivered.
The different funds have different replenishment cycles, but if the outflows are to triple in the next five years, then we clearly need to plan and set aside the capital now. One message from Copenhagen was clear: while we are sustaining the attention and commitment of climate ministers, full delivery will require the full attention of finance ministers.
Finance ministers will play a critical role in meeting our past promises, from tripling the outflows of the official UNFCCC funds by 2030 to helping reform the global financial architecture and facilitate flows of pledged funds in Baku by 2035.
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As COP29 President, Azerbaijan is working with the incoming Brazilian COP30 Presidency on novel ways to mobilise all stakeholders under their vision of a global “mutirão” – where a community comes together and each offers their best to solve a collective challenge.
In Copenhagen we delivered a clear message to ministers responsible for climate action that they need to take ownership of lobbying their colleagues, their bosses and their banks to participate.
They need to help pull finance ministers into our process at the same time as we go to theirs. They come to climate ministerial forums – we go to financial meetings.
And we turn up the noise. We let everyone know that new global challenges and priorities may be important, but they won’t distract us from the essential work of protecting our future.
The post Let’s use early milestones to stay focused on climate action appeared first on Climate Home News.
Let’s use early milestones to stay focused on climate action
SYDNEY, Thursday 30 October 2026 — In response to reports that the Albanese government is set to introduce draft legislation this year that would seek to ban data centres in Australia’s suburbs, Joe Rafalowicz, Head of Climate and Energy at Greenpeace Australia Pacific, said:
“These reports are a testament to the growing community opposition to these completely inappropriate AI factories that have sprung up across our suburbs, and Big Tech corporations should take heed — the data centre build-out must not happen without the endorsement of the Australian people.
“But the government can’t simply ship this problem out to regional Australia without addressing the fundamental issues with this extractive new industry.
“We’re already seeing a trend of AI data centre proposals moving to the regions, in areas that are more water-scarce, more environmentally sensitive, and next to sources of fracked and coal seam gas to support their massive BYO gas-fired power plans — a pattern we’ve seen play out in the United States.
“From the Beetaloo Basin in the NT to the Western Downs in Qld, we’re seeing a wave of AI data centre proposals that would see new gas fast-tracked to support their massive energy demand, and threaten to completely derail Australia’s energy transition.
“Just as suburban Australians are asking, “what for?”, regional communities like Berry Springs and Dalby do not want dirty data centres setting up shop with absolutely no benefit to their communities. Greenpeace is calling for a moratorium on AI data centre developments until strict and enforceable safeguards are in place to protect our climate and our communities.”
-ENDS-
Media contact
Kate O’Callaghan on +61 406 231 892 or kate.ocallaghan@greenpeace.org
AI data centre ban in suburbs would not address fundamental issues: Greenpeace
In the thick of the COP29 climate summit in Azerbaijan in 2024, the UN climate talks were rattled by what can only be described as a major PR disaster. The BBC, Reuters and The Guardian all carried headlines, attributed to leading climate policy experts, that the COPs were “no longer fit for purpose”.
The articles outlined a series of reforms called for in an open letter signed by 22 eminent scientists and politicians, including a former UN secretary-general and previous UN climate chief, with a further 150 lending their support. The headlines shook confidence in the COP process, just as governments were wrestling over a new climate finance goal.
The Club of Rome – which handled the media relations for the letter – hurried to say that its “constructive, supportive ideas” had been “misinterpreted”. Negotiators kept calm(ish) and carried on, in the end landing the finance goal after some high-stakes drama on the final day.
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Early speakers’ list suggests few powerful leaders will attend COP31
Just 77 heads of state or government are scheduled to address the COP31 climate summit in Antalya, a third less than the COP28 peak -
Africa wants adaptation finance on COP31 agenda, raising risk of a fight
The African Group wants dedicated space on tripling adaptation finance, the Green Climate Fund and trade, setting up a possible clash
To my surprise, when I went back this week to read the letter again, I could not find the offending line about the COPs not being fit for purpose. The Club of Rome has yet to respond to my query about its disappearance.
Whatever happened to the wording, that sentiment has been widely shared. COPs have ballooned in size while the importance of their outcomes seems to have diminished since the 2015 Paris Agreement (with the exception of the 2023 COP in Dubai where countries agreed to transition away from fossil fuels in energy systems).
The same on the surface
Two years on from those painful headlines in Baku, has anything changed for the better? You might be forgiven for thinking not. Official decisions are still made by consensus rather than the majority voting some have called for to stop blockers.
Tens of thousands of officials, activists and business execs still scurry around the halls to an ever-growing list of side events, roundtables and dialogues, while deals still come down to rows, all-nighters and jargon-filled texts adopted to rounds of applause.
But it would not be true to say that COPs have completely failed to respond to the very real need to translate the words of the Paris Agreement into action in the outside world.
Global warming is projected to be around 1.3C lower this century than it would have been if the world had not committed to tackle the climate crisis under that accord. Developing countries have a valued space at COPs in which their voices have equal weight in decision-making, unlike in many other international fora. And most importantly, perhaps, there has been a subtle shift, tipping the balance away from negotiating towards doing.
Brazil branded last year’s summit in Belém as the “COP of Implementation”, corralling the sprawling Action Agenda into six axes. This was a bid to impose some structure on the mushrooming efforts between governments, UN agencies, cities, businesses and civil society to set targets and spur faster results on their pet issues, from methane emissions to health and adaptation in conflict zones. COP30 alone saw the launch of 120 “plans to accelerate solutions”.
COP30 roadmaps off the cuff
Meanwhile, as the formal negotiations drew to a close, it was clear that consensus decision-making was evolving into something a little more improvised.
With only around half of all countries on board with the idea of a roadmap to transition away from fossil fuels, COP30 President André Corrêa do Lago announced his team would put one together over the coming year, along with another on how to meet a global goal to halt deforestation by 2030. Those roadmaps will be launched next week, presented and discussed at COP31, though it’s still unclear whether or how they’ll be incorporated into the formal negotiating agenda.
Some leading policy-makers don’t think that matters too much. Speaking to journalists before the Antalya summit, COP30 CEO Ana Toni and Dutch climate minister Stientje van Veldhoven said “coalitions of the willing” can move ahead without needing consensus from the COPs. This, they said, was evident this year at the first global conference on TAFF, co-chaired by van Veldhoven and attended by 60 countries.
“Consensus or no-consensus in the general COP doesn’t make a difference for the choices I have to make in my country to get my country to phase out fossil fuels,” said the Dutch minister. The Netherlands recently became one of the first to publish a national TAFF plan.
COP31 banks on flagship voluntary initiatives
This thinking has permeated the management and expected outcomes of this year’s COP too. Earlier this year, Türkiye, supported by international energy agencies, floated the idea of a voluntary goal to boost electrification to 35% of the world’s final energy consumption by 2035 – and this is now being touted as one of the main results to be expected from Antalya.
Türkiye is also championing a pledge on AI and climate, while co-host Australia is pushing to ease access to climate finance for least developed countries and small island states.
COP31 presidency announces AI pledge as UN climate chief says Big Tech ‘on thin ice’
None of these needs consensus. But with a political cover decision already in the works, as trailed by the COP presidents, they – and perhaps the fossil fuel roadmap – may find a home in the official text if language acceptable to most can be found, giving them them additional weight.
UNFCCC reform process in the shadows
Formal reform is underway too, if quietly. UN climate chief Simon Stiell is leading a review informed by ongoing consultations with a group of 15 well-respected climate policy experts, three of whom signed the open letter in 2024.
Among them is leading Swedish climate and sustainability scientist Johan Rockström who has strong ideas about how to make COPs function better, including a switch to majority voting. He told the same press briefing nothing stands in the way of this, because the rules of procedure for making decisions at COPs have never been formally agreed.
Still, to get away from the default setting of consensus would require agreement on a new system that may be impossible to achieve given the rise in bullying tactics by fossil fuel heavyweights.
Comment: The UN climate process was built for negotiation – now it must support implementation
The deliberations with the high-level policy gurus, as reflected in a summary of June’s session in Bonn, largely echo what’s already happening organically, calling for stronger partnerships and accountability both in and between the Action Agenda and negotiations. It doesn’t mention voting.
A general overview of the reform exercise says that “improving and optimizing the [UN climate] process over the medium to long term… will be critical to fostering trust, enhancing collaboration, and catalyzing increased ambition”.
In the short term, don’t hold your breath for anything concrete on reform at COP31 but watch for signs in what ends up dominating the headlines from Türkiye.
The post Editor’s Desk: COP reform is happening quietly, behind the headlines appeared first on Climate Home News.
Editor’s Desk: COP reform is happening quietly, behind the headlines
With the COP31 climate summit in Turkey looming, all eyes are on China to see what the country will push for in the negotiations.
At COP30 last year, China helped to secure a “dialogue” on climate-related “unilateral trade measures”, as well as a two-year “work programme” concerning climate finance.
The nation also championed south-south cooperation throughout the conference and co-led a summit on methane, alongside Brazil and the UK.
In a recent press conference, China’s environment vice-minister Li Gao noted the need to “uphold multilateralism” and send a “clear political signal” that the global community is united around climate action.