If a business wants to make a positive impact on the world, addressing its environmental footprint operationally might not be enough. Even with the best intentions, running a business inevitably means consuming some resources that can’t simply be avoided.
For example, a coffee company might engage in regenerative farming to sequester more carbon than it emits and support healthy local ecosystems. But even with careful practices, it can’t avoid certain realities, like the shipping emissions from transporting beans to their customers.
Fortunately, there are several voluntary, market-based solutions that enable businesses to address residual environmental issues that can’t simply be cut. c
The most well-known mechanism is likely carbon credits. Also called carbon offsets, carbon credits direct financing toward environmental projects that avoid, reduce, or remove emissions, thereby helping a buyer balance its carbon footprint. And with high-quality credits, the funding typically supports projects that wouldn’t otherwise be possible without this extra revenue.
But carbon credits are just one of several types of environmental credits that direct financing toward projects that support the environment.
For one, carbon credits are often grouped under the umbrella term environmental attribute certificate (EAC), which includes other types of financing mechanisms, like energy-related certificates. By purchasing an EAC, the buyer generally gains the right to claim the environmental benefits associated with that certificate, like an emission reduction associated with funding renewable electricity.
Still, the same concept can apply to non-emissions areas. Buying plastic credits can fund the recovery or prevention of plastic waste, which a company might then claim helps balance the impact of the virgin plastic used in its products.
Depending on your operations and sustainability goals, different types of credits or certificates could be worth investing in.
Here, we’ll take a closer look at some of the most popular types of environmental credits.
Types of Environmental Credits
| Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) | Environmental attributes of 1 MWh of renewable electricity | Claim renewable electricity use and support clean energy generation |
| Water Restoration Certificates (WRCs) | 1,000 gallons of freshwater restored or improved | Address water footprint by contributing to water restoration |
| Plastic Credits | ~1 metric ton of plastic collected or recycled (varies) | Counter plastic pollution when elimination isn’t yet possible |
| Biodiversity Credits | Conservation of ecosystems (units vary by issuer) | Protect biodiversity/conserve natural ecosystems |
| Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates (SAFc) | Environmental attributes of 1 metric ton of sustainable aviation fuel | Claim low-carbon fuel and support sustainable fuel production |
| Renewable Thermal Certificates (RTCs) | Environmental attributes of 1 dekatherm of renewable thermal energy | Reduce emissions from hard-to-electrify fuels, e.g., replacing fossil fuel natural gas with renewable natural gas |
Carbon Credits
What they represent: One metric ton of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions avoided, reduced, or removed from the atmosphere.
Why they matter: Even when companies set ambitious emission reduction goals, they generally can’t cut to zero overnight. Carbon credits can help serve as a bridge to global net-zero, and they can continue to be used to offset residual emissions that are essentially impossible to avoid.
Carbon credits also tend to have a variety of co-benefits beyond emissions, like protecting valuable ecosystems or supporting health and economic opportunities in the local communities where these projects operate.
How they’re generated: Carbon credits can come from many different types of projects that have independent third-party verified emissions impact, such as reforestation, methane capture from landfills, and soil carbon sequestration, to name just a few.
Calculate your carbon footprint to get a better sense of the emissions you want to balance.
Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs)
What they represent: The environmental attributes associated with one megawatt-hour (MWh) of renewable electricity.
Why they matter: Buying a REC is essentially the same as buying renewable electricity. Power gets mixed from different sources within a grid, so it’s not always possible to know exactly who’s consuming what. But since that renewable electricity is definitively added into the mix, that means someone is now using renewable energy.
The REC simply gives you permission to claim that benefit for yourself, while generally avoiding the risk of double-counting. Meanwhile, by buying RECs, you’re supporting the financial viability of more clean energy projects.
How they’re generated: RECs can be generated when a renewable source of electricity gets verifiably added to a power grid. RECs can either be sold bundled or unbundled. With bundled RECs, the energy and environmental attributes are sold together, like if a solar farm directly sells its energy to a company and agrees not to sell the claim to those environmental attributes elsewhere. Unbundled RECs separate the environmental claims and the energy, making it possible to claim the use of renewable electricity while continuing to purchase from your local utility.
You can easily and affordably purchase Green-e certified RECs through Terrapass online.

Water Restoration Certificates (WRCs)
What they represent: One WRC corresponds to 1,000 gallons of natural freshwater improved or restored.
Why they matter: Many parts of the world are under significant water stress, which often stems from issues like commercial overuse and climate change. Buying WRCs can help counter this trend by supporting the health and volume of freshwater systems.
A business operating in water-stressed regions in the Western U.S., for example, may need to inevitably use some freshwater to produce its products. In that case, it can ideally fund WRC projects in that same water resource region, like ones that secure water rights to keep more water within rivers, aquifers, etc.
How they’re generated: While similar water-related credits may exist elsewhere, BEF WRCs™ are specifically issued by the Bonneville Environmental Foundation (BEF). BEF WRC™ projects can involve restoring flows through securing legal rights, restoring natural systems through physical interventions like removing dams, or improving water use efficiency. All projects are third-party verified, typically by Watercourse Engineering or the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, and all are tracked on S&P Global’s Markit registry.
Support freshwater systems and their associated recreational and ecological benefits by buying WRCs through Terrapass today.

Plastic Credits
What they represent: Plastic credits aren’t quite as formalized as some of these other market-based instruments, so the details can vary by credit issuer. But one example is Verra’s Plastic Waste Reduction Program, where one plastic credit represents one metric ton of plastic that’s been collected or recycled.
Why they matter: Each year, approximately 19-23 million tons of plastic leak from land-based sources into water systems, according to the UN Environment Programme. Plastic pollution then poses many threats, such as to the health of marine animals, as well as overall human health.
Businesses can buy plastic credits to help counter plastic pollution, especially because plastic has become so ubiquitous that it’s not always possible to immediately remove plastic from your packaging or other parts of your supply chain.
How they’re generated: Generating these credits depends on the issuer. Some businesses, particularly consumer-facing ones, work with third-party organizations to make plastic-neutral claims. For one, ice pop company GoodPop launched a limited edition flavor that’s certified plastic neutral by 4Ocean. For this certification, 4Ocean removes plastic from water systems and coastlines equivalent to each pound of plastic used to produce that product or for the brand as a whole.
For Verra’s plastic credits, projects must meet the specific guidelines of its Plastic Waste Reduction Standard and accounting methodologies that help ensure each credit represents one metric ton of plastic collected or recycled. These projects are also third-party audited, as well as tracked on the Verra Registry, similar to carbon credits.
Biodiversity Credits
What they represent: Biodiversity credits are one of the least developed types of environmental credits, so there’s not a general consensus on what they represent. Different credit issuers have different standards.
For example, one of the pioneers in this space, Savimbo, sells biodiversity credits that represent one month of conservation for one hectare in a biodiversity hotspot. In contrast, another leader in this space, Terrasos, sells biodiversity credits that represent 10 m² (0.001 hectares) of protected ecosystems for 30 years.
Why they matter: Climate change and related issues like land use change are causing significant biodiversity loss. From 1970 to 2020, wildlife populations fell by 73%, according to WWF.
At a simple level, interfering with natural cycles of plant and animal life leads to species loss, which then creates more risks for humans, like faster temperature rise due to the loss of natural carbon sinks. There’s also many nuanced arguments for supporting biodiversity, such as the economic and health value of stable plant and animal life.
How they’re generated: Because these are less established, there’s not a standard way to generate biodiversity credits. But in general, these work like carbon credits, in the sense that an issuer works with project developers to ensure a given area of land is conserved in a way that protects biodiversity.
One voluntary group, the Biodiversity Credit Alliance (BCA), backed by organizations such as the UN Development Programme, is working on developing a framework for biodiversity credits that could help this market more closely resemble the voluntary carbon credit market.

Sustainable Aviation Fuel Certificates (SAFc)
What they represent: The environmental attributes associated with one metric ton of unblended sustainable aviation fuel (SAF).
Why they matter: Flying is a carbon-intensive activity, yet these can be some of the hardest emissions to avoid. A growing business, for example, may be able to address its direct energy use, but total emissions could still rise if employees fly to meet with customers and suppliers. Finding efficiencies like batching travel into longer trips or using online meetings when possible can help, but the reality is that many still value flying.
So, sustainable aviation fuel certificates (SAFc) provide buyers with a way to claim the use of this low-carbon fuel, rather than accounting for the normal emissions associated with traditional jet fuel. If you’re flying on a commercial airline, you don’t have direct control over their fuel usage, but by buying SAFc, you’re supporting the transition to lower-emission fuel sources.
How they’re generated: Unlike traditional jet fuel made from petroleum, SAF comes from alternative feedstocks like used cooking oils or agricultural waste. SAF then gets blended with traditional jet fuel, with commercial planes currently able to accommodate about 10-50% of the total volume from SAF, though testing of higher limits is underway.
Because of this blending, you can’t exactly say that your flight from New York to LA runs on SAF while a flight from New York to San Francisco runs on traditional jet fuel. But like with RECs, SAF certificates give you the ability to claim the environmental attributes of SAF. If you purchase enough certificates that correspond with your flight’s fuel usage, you could claim your portion of the flight fully used SAF from an emissions accounting perspective.
Buyers often use the book-and-claim approach for SAF certificates and other low-carbon fuel purchases. That means instead of taking physical possession of this fuel, you’re buying the certificates that represent a certain amount, and you then claim the corresponding environmental attributes.
Renewable Thermal Certificates (RTCs)
What they represent: The environmental attributes of 1 dekatherm (Dth) of renewable thermal energy, such as renewable natural gas or green hydrogen.
Why they matter: Not everything can be electrified to then run on renewable electricity, at least in the short term. Businesses often still have large scope 1 footprints from burning natural gas or using similar fuel sources.
So, using renewable thermal certificates (RTCs) provides buyers with a way to claim the environmental benefits of renewable thermal energy, like using renewable natural gas (RNG) to generate heat from a furnace, or using green hydrogen to power an industrial boiler. Like with RECs, RTCs enable buyers to make these claims without having to always physically procure the renewable energy, especially in cases where renewable and non-renewable fuels get mixed.
How they’re generated: RTCs are generated from projects that produce renewable thermal energy, like municipal waste facilities that capture methane from landfills and convert it into RNG. This works essentially the same as it does with RECs, where the RTCs can be either bundled with the underlying energy or sold unbundled on a book-and-claim basis.
Finding the Right Environmental Credits
Environmental issues are often deeply interconnected. Rising greenhouse gas emissions, for example, can increase global temperatures, which then can increase droughts and trigger biodiversity loss. So, while carbon credits are generally the most established option, purchasing a broader mix of environmental credits can help organizations reach sustainability goals faster and drive more meaningful impact.
Still, not all environmental credits are created equally. Quality can vary significantly, so make sure you’re buying credits from a reputable source. Consider factors such as third-party verification, registry tracking to avoid double-counting, and additionality, where the money from purchasing credits supports environmental action that wouldn’t otherwise take place.
Environmental product providers like Terrapass make it easy for buyers to fund a mix of high-quality carbon credit projects, as well as other types of credits like RECs and WRCs.
Businesses can also build a custom portfolio of environmental credits through Terrapass to align with your environmental footprint and corporate sustainability goals. Reach out today to see how you can make a more positive impact by funding different environmental projects.
frameworks, and support transparent, defensible climate claims as part of a long-term sustainability strategy.
The post Beyond Carbon Credits: A Guide to the Expanding World of Environmental Credits appeared first on Terrapass.
Carbon Footprint
Lithium Prices Climb Again in 2026, Sending Stocks Skyward
Disseminated on behalf of Surge Battery Metals Inc.
The lithium market is experiencing a major rebound due to rising demand and tightening supply. Battery-grade lithium carbonate spot prices have jumped to about $24,086 per metric ton, based on data from Shanghai Metals Market (SMM). This marks a sharp increase from earlier lows in 2025, after a period of oversupply had weighed on the market.
What Causes Lithium Prices to Rebound

Several factors are behind the lithium price surge. First, the growth in stationary energy storage systems has been rapid. In 2025, demand for lithium in storage applications jumped about 71%, and analysts expect another 55% growth in 2026. As more utilities, data centers, and industrial players adopt battery storage, lithium demand continues to expand beyond just electric vehicles (EVs).
Second, China’s battery manufacturing sector is ramping up production to meet both domestic and global demand. Policy support for clean energy and EV adoption has helped absorb excess lithium that previously contributed to oversupply.
Meanwhile, regions like Europe and North America are boosting support for EVs and energy storage. European demand for batteries could reach 1 terawatt-hour by 2030. At the same time, U.S. incentives from the Inflation Reduction Act have already led to hundreds of new battery projects. These programs are driving additional lithium demand, putting further pressure on an already tight supply.
Third, supply constraints are becoming a concern. Forecasts for 2026 suggest a shift from surplus to a potential supply deficit of 22,000 to 80,000 metric tons, depending on how quickly new projects come online. This deficit is boosting hope among producers and investors. Prices might stay high if demand keeps outstripping supply.

Lithium’s Double Boost: AI + Data Center Batteries
Additional factors include rising interest in AI and data center batteries, which require large amounts of high-quality lithium. Emerging markets are generating new demand for battery-grade lithium. This adds to the existing need for electric vehicles. Coupled with a limited number of major lithium producers and delays in bringing new projects online, the market has become increasingly tight.
Other factors driving lithium prices up are the fast-growing need for batteries in AI data centers and energy storage systems. The global lithium-ion battery market for data centers was around $5.2 billion in 2024, per Prsedence Research. It is set to grow to nearly $17.7 billion by 2034, most of which will come from lithium batteries.

Lithium battery shipments for data center energy storage might rise over 80% in the next five years. Operators are expanding systems to support AI workloads that need steady power and load balancing. This surge in demand from new markets adds to the traditional battery needs of electric vehicles.
In short, the surge in lithium prices reflects a perfect storm of strong demand, constrained supply, and supportive policies. Investors and companies are taking note, as this environment signals higher revenues for producers. It also creates more opportunities for juniors to develop high-grade resources.
Surge Battery Metals Step Into the Spotlight
Surge Battery Metals (TSX-V: NILI | OTCQX: NILIF) is one such company advancing its position in the lithium supply chain. Surge focuses on the Nevada North Lithium Project (NNLP), which hosts the highest-grade lithium clay resource in the United States. It has a mineral resource estimate of 11.24 million tonnes of lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE) grading 3,010 ppm lithium at a 1,250 ppm cutoff.
The company has also seen strong investor interest in recent trading. In early 2026, its stock rose about 35%, and over the past month, it gained nearly 46%. This rally reflects the overall optimism in the lithium market. It also matches the strong gains of major producers like Albemarle. The increase shows growing confidence in NILI’s high-grade Nevada project and its potential role in meeting rising lithium demand.

In early January 2026, Surge announced a key executive hire to strengthen its commercial leadership. The company appointed Steffen Ball as Vice President of Commercial Development for Nevada North Lithium LLC, the joint venture between Surge and Evolution Mining. Mr. Ball brings senior experience from major automakers’ battery material sourcing teams, including roles at Nissan North America and Ford.
This appointment signals Surge’s focus on preparing the project for eventual production and strategic partnerships. It also shows the company’s plan to create a team with strong industry knowledge and connections in the lithium value chain.
Alongside personnel moves, Surge has attracted increased investment from institutional groups. The Quaternary Group, for example, increased its ownership in Surge by buying shares on the open market. Now, it holds about 7.8% of the company on an undiluted basis.
Nevada North: High-Grade, High Stakes
Surge Battery Metals stands out among junior lithium miners. Its main asset, the Nevada North Lithium Project, sits in a well-established U.S. mining region with strong infrastructure.
Early exploration shows lithium clay grades up to 7,630 ppm, with updated drill intercepts as high as 8,070 ppm, considered high for clay-based deposits. A Preliminary Economic Assessment (PEA) shows an after-tax NPV of US$9.2 billion. It also has an IRR of 22.8% when lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE) is priced at US$24,000 per tonne.

The project could produce an average of 86,300 tonnes of LCE annually, peaking at 109,100 tonnes in Year 6. Operating costs are estimated at US$5,243 per tonne of LCE, giving Surge a competitive edge.
The project is now progressing toward a Pre-Feasibility Study targeted for completion in late 2026, led by global engineering firm Fluor Corporation.
Surge is expanding its resource base through drilling across several kilometers of strike. The company recently reported additional strong drill results from Nevada North. It announced a 30.6-meter intercept grading 4,196 ppm lithium from surface in a 640-meter step-out hole to the southeast.
In infill drilling, Surge also reported 116 meters averaging 3,752 ppm lithium, including 32.1 meters grading 4,521 ppm near surface, highlighting a strong high-grade core within the deposit. These results confirm that high-grade lithium extends beyond the current resource area.
The wide step-out distance also shows strong potential for further expansion. Consistent high grades near the surface can support future resource growth and strengthen the project’s development outlook.
Moreover, Nevada’s mining-friendly environment, with access to roads, power, and skilled labor, reduces development risk. Strategic hires with experience in battery supply chains signal the company’s readiness to move toward production and partnerships.
High-grade resources, strong economics, and a strategic location put Surge in a great spot in the growing lithium market.
From Clay to Clean Energy
The recent rise in lithium prices shows how supply and demand dynamics are shifting. As energy storage and electric vehicles expand, major companies are boosting their market positions. Higher lithium prices support stronger revenue forecasts and have led analysts to raise price targets on key stocks.
At the same time, projects further upstream, including junior developers like Surge, are gaining strategic significance. Investments in early-stage lithium resources help diversify supply beyond dominant producers and geographies. Surge’s focus on commercial leadership and resource development reflects how smaller companies can play a role in meeting future demand.
If lithium prices keep rising and demand stays strong, both current producers and new developers could gain. For mining giants, this could mean the expansion of production capacity and stronger earnings. For Surge and similar companies, it could support project financing and advancement toward commercial output.
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- READ MORE: Surge Battery Metals Strengthens Nevada North With High-Grade Expansion and Infill Success
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New Era Publishing Inc. and/or CarbonCredits.com (“We” or “Us”) are not securities dealers or brokers, investment advisers, or financial advisers, and you should not rely on the information herein as investment advice. Surge Battery Metals Inc. (“Company”) made a one-time payment of $75,000 to provide marketing services for a term of three months. None of the owners, members, directors, or employees of New Era Publishing Inc. and/or CarbonCredits.com currently hold, or have any beneficial ownership in, any shares, stocks, or options of the companies mentioned.
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Certain statements contained in this news release may constitute “forward-looking information” within the meaning of applicable securities laws. Forward-looking information generally can be identified by words such as “anticipate,” “expect,” “estimate,” “forecast,” “plan,” and similar expressions suggesting future outcomes or events. Forward-looking information is based on current expectations of management; however, it is subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated.
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The post Lithium Prices Climb Again in 2026, Sending Stocks Skyward appeared first on Carbon Credits.
Carbon Footprint
Big Oil’s Carbon Reality: Shell’s 1.1 Billion-Ton Footprint Shows the Scale of the Energy Transition
Energy giant Shell reported around 1.1 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO₂e) emissions in 2025. Most of these emissions come from the use of the fuels the company sells, known as Scope 3 emissions.
Scope 3 emissions occur when customers burn oil, gas, and other fuels produced by energy companies. For Shell, these emissions dominate its carbon footprint.
The company’s operational emissions are much smaller. Shell recently reported about 50 million tons of Scope 1 emissions from its operations. It also noted around 8 million tons of Scope 2 emissions from purchased electricity.
Together, these numbers show the scale of emissions linked to global fossil fuel use. In comparison, the United Kingdom’s total emissions were about 480 million tons in 2024, less than half of Shell’s overall carbon footprint. This comparison highlights how emissions linked to energy supply chains can exceed those of entire countries.
Why Scope 3 Emissions Dominate Oil and Gas
Most emissions linked to oil and gas companies come from the fuels consumers burn. This explains why Scope 3 emissions are the largest part of Shell’s carbon footprint.
- Shell’s reporting shows Scope 3 emissions of over 1 billion tons of CO₂ equivalent, far higher than emissions from its direct operations. As seen below, the oil major’s GHG emissions have been declining since 2018.

Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions come from Shell’s operations and purchased energy, based on the company’s sustainability reports. Scope 3 emissions represent the use of fuels sold by Shell. Scope 3 accounts for the vast majority, around 95% of the company’s carbon footprint.
About 78% of these emissions occur downstream, mainly when customers use gasoline, diesel, or natural gas. The rest come from upstream activities such as equipment manufacturing and fuel transport.
This pattern is common across the oil and gas industry. Energy companies produce fuels, but most emissions occur when the fuels are burned.
Because of this structure, reducing emissions in the energy sector requires changes across the whole system. These include cleaner fuels, new technologies, and changes in how energy is used.
Shell’s Net-Zero Targets and Climate Strategy
Shell says it aims to become a net-zero emissions energy company by 2050. To move toward this goal, the company has set several climate targets.

- One key target is to cut emissions from its operations (Scope 1 and 2) by 50% by 2030 compared with 2016 levels.
The oil giant has already made some progress on this goal. By 2024, the company had reduced operational emissions by about 30% compared with 2016.
Another metric Shell uses is Net Carbon Intensity (NCI). This measures emissions per unit of energy sold. In recent reporting, Shell’s NCI stood at 71 grams of CO₂ equivalent per megajoule, unchanged from the previous year.
The company plans to reduce this measure to net zero by 2050 as part of its transition strategy. However, intensity targets measure emissions relative to energy production. This means total emissions can remain stable if energy demand continues to grow.
Shell’s Offset Strategy: Retiring Millions with Certified Credits
In 2025, Shell retired 5.8 million carbon credits. Of these, 5.5 million were tied to its Net Carbon Intensity (NCI) efforts. This included 2.0 million linked to energy product sales. The company emphasizes careful sourcing and screening of credits.

Of the total retired, 59% were certified by Verra’s Verified Carbon Standard (VCS), 22% by Gold Standard, 10% by the ACR program, and 9% via Climate Action Reserve.
Rising Energy Demand Keeps Fossil Fuels in Play
Global energy demand continues to rise. This affects emissions across the energy sector. According to the International Energy Agency, energy-related carbon dioxide emissions grew in many regions due to rising industrial activity and energy demand.
- Emissions from natural gas increased by 2.5% in 2024, while coal emissions rose almost 1% in recent global energy data, per the IEA report.

Oil emissions also increased slightly as countries continued to rely on fossil fuels to meet economic growth and energy access needs. This demand helps explain why oil and gas companies still play a large role in global energy supply.
At the same time, the energy transition is accelerating. Governments and companies are investing in renewable power, electric vehicles, and cleaner fuels. These trends are reshaping the global energy system.
LNG and Carbon Capture in Shell’s Transition Plan
Shell continues to expand its liquefied natural gas business. The company expects global LNG demand to grow about 60% by 2040, driven by economic growth and industrial energy needs.
Natural gas produces fewer emissions than coal when burned. Because of this, some countries view LNG as a transitional fuel during the shift to cleaner energy systems.
Shell is also investing in carbon capture and storage (CCS). One major project is the Northern Lights carbon storage project in Norway, developed with industry partners. The facility aims to store at least 5 million tons of CO₂ per year once expanded.
Carbon capture technology can help reduce emissions from industries that are difficult to electrify, such as heavy manufacturing and shipping. However, CCS projects remain limited in number compared with the scale of global emissions.
The Enormous Scale of the Global Energy Transition
The world’s energy system is changing quickly. But the scale of fossil fuel use remains large.
Energy companies like Shell supply fuels used across transportation, power generation, and heavy industry. This explains why emissions linked to these companies are so high.
At the same time, new technologies are reshaping the energy landscape. Renewable power, electric vehicles, hydrogen fuels, and carbon capture are expanding rapidly.
Shell itself notes that new technologies could cut the carbon intensity of the global energy system by half by 2050 if current trends continue. Still, hitting global climate targets will require faster progress.
What Shell’s Emissions Reveal About the Energy System
Shell’s reported 1.1 billion tons of CO₂ emissions in 2025 show the scale of the global energy challenge. The majority of these emissions come not from company operations, but from the fuels used by millions of consumers and industries worldwide.
Reducing emissions across this system will require major changes in energy production, infrastructure, and technology. Oil and gas companies remain central players in this transition. Their investments, technologies, and energy supply decisions will influence how quickly the global economy moves toward lower-carbon energy.
The next decades will determine whether the energy system can meet rising demand while also reducing emissions at the scale required to reach global climate goals.
- READ MORE: Shell’s Initiative to Cut Methane in Rice Farming in the Philippines and Create Carbon Credits
The post Big Oil’s Carbon Reality: Shell’s 1.1 Billion-Ton Footprint Shows the Scale of the Energy Transition appeared first on Carbon Credits.
Carbon Footprint
The Top Carbon Credit Exchanges Driving Climate Markets in 2026 and Beyond
Carbon markets continue to grow as countries and companies work to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Many firms now set net-zero targets. To reach those goals, they must cut emissions and offset the emissions they cannot eliminate. Carbon credit exchanges play an important role in this process by providing platforms where verified carbon credits are bought and sold.
Each carbon credit represents one metric ton of carbon dioxide removed or avoided through climate projects such as reforestation, renewable energy, or methane capture. Carbon exchanges help the credit markets work. These platforms support price discovery, market liquidity, and transparent trading.
This article explores the top carbon credit exchanges shaping the market in 2026: Intercontinental Exchange (ICE), Xpansiv, AirCarbon Exchange (ACX), and ESGCX. They span global compliance markets, voluntary carbon credit venues, and next-generation digital marketplaces.
Carbon Credits and Market Trends Shaping 2026
The carbon credit market has expanded quickly in recent years. Governments have introduced carbon pricing programs, while many corporations now use carbon credits as part of their climate strategies.
The global carbon market hit around $783 billion in 2024 and exceeded $1 trillion in 2025. This growth shows strong demand from corporate climate programs and government policies.

Voluntary carbon markets (VCMs) also continue to grow. The sector reached over $2 billion in traded value in 2024. Forecasts suggest strong growth ahead. The VCM could exceed $10 billion by 2030.
Several trends are shaping this market:
- Corporate climate commitments. More companies now include carbon credits in their climate strategies. Studies suggest that over 60% of sustainability-focused companies plan to increase their use of carbon offsets.
- Nature-based climate projects. Forestry and land-use projects remain major sources of credits. Forestry projects account for about 41% of the carbon credit supply, while renewable energy projects represent roughly 32%.
- Demand for high-quality credits. Many buyers now seek projects with strong verification and measurable impact. Around 44% of buyers prefer high-quality certified credits with stronger transparency standards.
- Digital technology in carbon markets. New platforms use digital tools and data systems to track carbon reductions. About 41% of market participants are adopting digital monitoring and verification systems.

As the market grows, trading infrastructure also becomes more important. Carbon exchanges provide the platforms that allow buyers and sellers to transact efficiently.
How Carbon Exchanges Support Climate Markets
Carbon exchanges create structured marketplaces for environmental assets. They connect buyers and sellers and provide transparent trading systems. These exchanges typically support two main types of markets.
- Compliance carbon markets: Governments create these markets through emissions trading systems. Companies must hold carbon allowances equal to their emissions. The European Union Emissions Trading System is the largest example.
- Voluntary carbon markets: Companies buy carbon credits voluntarily to offset emissions. These credits usually come from climate projects such as forest protection or renewable energy development.
Exchanges support both markets by providing tools for trading and price discovery. Some exchanges focus on derivatives and futures contracts. Others focus on spot trading of voluntary credits.
Reliable trading platforms also help reduce risk. They improve transparency by publishing prices and trading data. Several exchanges now play a major role in these global markets, and we’re breaking down each one of them so you’ll know your best pick.
- READ MORE: The Carbon Credit Market in 2025 is A Turning Point: What Comes Next for 2026 and Beyond?
Intercontinental Exchange (ICE): The Global Benchmark for Carbon Derivatives
The Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) operates one of the largest environmental derivatives markets in the world. It focuses mainly on compliance, carbon markets, and emissions allowance trading.

ICE hosts futures and options contracts tied to several carbon pricing systems. These include European Union Allowances (EUAs), which serve as a global benchmark for carbon pricing. The exchange has recorded strong trading activity in recent years.
In 2025, ICE environmental markets saw a record of 20.9 million environmental futures and options contracts. This was a 4% rise from the previous record year.

The trading volume exceeded $1 trillion in notional value. This trend marks five years of trillion-dollar environmental trading on the platform. The exchange also reported $117 billion worth of physically delivered carbon allowances in 2025.
ICE supports several major environmental products:
- EU Carbon Allowance (EUA) futures
- UK Carbon Allowance futures
- California Carbon Allowance contracts
- Renewable Energy Certificate (REC) futures
North American environmental markets on ICE also reached record activity. In 2025, 6.2 million contracts were traded in these markets. This total included 4.2 million California Carbon Allowance contracts.
Because of its deep liquidity and strong participation, ICE remains a key platform for companies and financial institutions managing carbon price risk.
Xpansiv: Powering the Largest Spot Market for Carbon Credits
Xpansiv operates the CBL carbon exchange, a leading marketplace for voluntary carbon credits. The exchange focuses on spot trading of environmental commodities. These include carbon credits and renewable energy certificates.
Xpansiv has become a major infrastructure provider for voluntary carbon markets. Since 2020, the platform has facilitated transactions involving more than 330 million carbon credits and environmental certificates.
CBL provides a central order book system that helps improve price transparency. Buyers and sellers can trade standardized contracts that represent verified carbon credits.

The exchange also supports the Aviation Carbon Exchange (ACE), developed with the International Air Transport Association. ACE offers a marketplace for airlines to buy carbon credits that meet CORSIA requirements.
- Since its launch, the platform has supported the trading of over 20 million tonnes of carbon credits used by airlines and other participants.
Xpansiv also connects to major carbon credit registries. These include Verra, the American Carbon Registry, Climate Action Reserve, and Gold Standard.
These integrations allow credits to move between registries and trading platforms. This improves liquidity and market access for project developers and buyers. As voluntary markets expand, platforms like Xpansiv play an important role in connecting carbon projects with global buyers.
- SEE MORE on Xpansiv:
- From Tokyo to New York: Xpansiv Strengthens Global Role in Climate Data and Carbon Market Innovation
- Xpansiv and KRX Collaborate on Korean Carbon Credit Market Launch
AirCarbon Exchange (ACX): A Digital Marketplace for Global Carbon Trading
AirCarbon Exchange (ACX) is a digital carbon credit exchange designed to simplify trading of environmental assets. The platform operates fully online and connects market participants across regions.
Members, over 190 globally, include corporations, traders, financial institutions, and project developers. The exchange has transacted over 21 MtCO2e (million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent).
ACX focuses on providing efficient digital infrastructure for environmental markets. Its trading system supports carbon credits and other environmental products. The exchange serves members from more than 30 countries, reflecting the growing global nature of carbon markets.
ACX also emphasizes transparent pricing and streamlined trading systems. Digital exchanges reduce barriers for companies that want to participate in carbon markets.

The platform has gained recognition from industry groups and environmental finance organizations for its trading technology and market structure. It has been voted as the Best Carbon Exchange for four consecutive years.
Digital exchanges such as ACX illustrate how technology is changing environmental markets. As more companies join the carbon economy, digital platforms may help scale global trading.
ESGCX: Integrity‑Focused Carbon Market Platform
ESGCX is a platform focused on carbon credit quality, transparency, and verification. It integrates project evaluation, digital monitoring, and trading readiness in one system.
In 2025, ESGCX launched the Carbon Credit Integrity Pilot Program (CCIPP). The program brings together project developers, investors, and verification partners. Participants get early access to ESGCX’s tools for digital MRV, credit ratings, and market readiness.

The exchange supports only premium carbon credits with third-party verification. This ensures buyers access high-quality credits with measurable climate impact.
The platform also uses digital tools and blockchain-friendly systems. These help improve transparency and simplify trading. Institutional buyers gain priority access to high-impact projects.
Market demand for high-integrity credits is rising. Corporate buyers committed over $10 billion to durable carbon removal in 2024–2025. ESGCX positions itself to meet this growing demand.
In short, ESGCX is building a transparent, verified, and reliable carbon market. Its focus on quality and digital verification makes it a strong platform for developers, investors, and buyers.
As VCMs mature, stronger integrity systems may become more important for buyers and regulators.
The Major Carbon Exchanges at a Glance
The exchanges discussed in this article operate in different parts of the carbon market. Here’s the summary of what they are and their market focus.

Each platform serves a different role within the global carbon economy.
Carbon Exchanges as the Backbone of Climate Markets
Carbon credit exchanges now serve as critical infrastructure for climate markets. They provide transparent pricing, enable trading, and connect climate projects with buyers. As carbon markets expand, exchanges will likely play an even larger role.
The carbon economy continues to evolve. Governments are expanding emissions trading systems, while companies increase investments in climate solutions.
At the same time, buyers are demanding stronger verification and higher-quality credits.
These trends are shaping the next phase of carbon markets. Exchanges such as ICE, Xpansiv, ACX, and ESGCX illustrate how trading platforms are adapting to support a rapidly growing global climate economy.
- MUST READ: Top Carbon Credit Companies to Watch in 2026
The post The Top Carbon Credit Exchanges Driving Climate Markets in 2026 and Beyond appeared first on Carbon Credits.
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