In parts of coastal North Carolina and Texas, homeowners who were paying one rate for property insurance in 2019 are now paying double, and that’s after adjusting for inflation.
A February 2026 report from the U.S. Government Accountability Office, the most thorough federal analysis of homeowners insurance markets in years, confirms what many Americans in hurricane, wildfire, and tornado-prone areas already know: the cost and availability of home insurance now depends on climate risk. Nationally, premiums only slightly outpaced inflation from 2019 to 2024. But in high-risk areas, homeowners are seeing price jumps that are changing where people can afford to live, own property, and even stay insured.
The National Average Hides the Real Story
At first glance, the national data seems manageable. The GAO found that the average U.S. homeowners’ insurance premium, adjusted for inflation, rose only 3 percent between 2019 and 2024, going from $2,743 to $2,829 in 2024 dollars. The South reported higher premiums than other regions, but the national average stayed mostly steady.
But when you look at the data by ZIP Code, the story changes. In the same period, many coastal areas in North Carolina and Texas saw premium increases of more than 50 percent after adjusting for inflation. Some places in Palm Beach County, South Florida, also had big jumps. At least 10 ZIP Codes in North Carolina, Texas, Utah, Florida, and California saw increases over 25 percent above inflation in just the last five years.
Wind Costs Far More Than Wildfire — For Now
The GAO used statistical modeling to show how disaster risks raise premiums, and the results are clear. Homes in areas with severe or extreme wind risk pay about 58 percent more, or $1,294 extra per year, compared to similar homes with only major wind risk. Moving from major to severe wildfire risk adds about 8 percent, or $181 per year, to premiums.
This difference shows how much damage wind events like hurricanes can cause. According to GAO data, ZIP Codes with severe or extreme wind or wildfire risk saw premiums rise 6 to 10 percent each year since 2021. In comparison, areas with major risk saw increases of only 1 to 4 percent per year. Over six years, an 8 percent annual increase adds up to a total increase of 59 percent.

State-level disaster costs also play a role. The GAO found that when a state’s average disaster-related costs rose from $25 billion to $35 billion between 2018 and 2023, premiums went up by about 8 percent, or $170 more per year. This happens because insurers update their loss estimates after big disasters. One insurer told the GAO it raised its wildfire risk assumptions for California after the major fire seasons in 2017 and 2018, even before the devastating 2025 Los Angeles wildfires.
Affordability Is Worst Where Income Is Already Stretched
Premium burden, which is the cost of insurance compared to median household income, highlights how climate change is hitting low-income communities hardest. In 2023, Florida, Louisiana, and Oklahoma had the highest premiums relative to income, just as they did in 2019. According to the GAO, states where premiums take up more than 10.6 percent of median income are considered to have a “very high” burden. Florida falls into this category.
The people paying the most for insurance are often those who have the fewest options to move or insure themselves. High insurance costs in risky areas often go hand in hand with lower incomes, older homes, and less access to federal help. Researchers call this a climate-driven affordability crisis.
When Private Insurance Disappears
Rising premiums are just one issue. In some high-risk areas, private insurers are not only raising prices but also leaving the market. The GAO tracked the market share of state FAIR plans and beach plans, which are the “insurers of last resort” for homes that can’t get regular insurance, from 2019 to 2023. Nationally, their combined market share almost doubled, going from about 1.4 percent to 2.5 percent of homes.
California’s numbers tell the story. The state’s FAIR Plan, which covers wildfire risk, grew from about 200,000 residential policies in 2020 to around 450,000 by 2024. About 78 percent of this growth happened in ZIP Codes with major or severe wildfire risk. After the January 2025 Los Angeles fires, enrollment jumped another 43 percent between September 2024 and December 2025, according to Insurance Journal. Even low-risk urban properties are ending up on the FAIR plan as insurers withdraw from whole regions.
Florida and Louisiana have the highest FAIR plan market share among states with these programs. North Carolina’s beach plan, which covers coastal areas, leads all beach plans by market share. All three states face high Atlantic hurricane risk.

Regulation Is Part of the Problem Too
Insurance policies are regulated by each state, and the GAO found that how long it takes to approve premium increases affects policy availability. States where regulators take longer to approve these requests often have more homeowners who can’t get private insurance. The GAO found that every extra 60 days in approval time was linked to about a 0.5 percentage point increase in the state’s FAIR plan market share.
Colorado’s median approval time from 2020 to 2024 was 331 days, the longest in the country. California’s was 305 days. When insurers can’t adjust rates quickly enough to reflect actual risk, some of them exit the market rather than underwrite policies at a loss. This is the dynamic that partly drove the California insurance exodus before the state’s Sustainable Insurance Strategy reforms announced in 2023, which allowed catastrophe modeling and reinsurance costs to be factored into rate-setting, practices already standard in most other states.
Insurers Are Losing Money — Just Not How You Think
Insurers lost money on homeowners insurance underwriting in 22 out of 30 years from 1995 to 2024, with an average annual loss of 4.2 percent. The worst years matched up with major disasters like Hurricanes Fran (1996), Sandy (2012), Harvey, Irma, Maria (2017), and the Maui wildfires (2023).
However, insurers offset underwriting losses with investment income, so the situation isn’t as bad as it seems—they are still highly profitable. In 2024, homeowners insurance had a $1.8 billion underwriting loss, but $8.8 billion in investment income turned it into a $6.9 billion profit overall. The industry is still profitable, even as rates rise and coverage becomes harder to obtain. Insurers say risk-based pricing is needed for long-term stability, but critics believe profitable insurers could do more to keep coverage available in high-risk areas.
Allianz SE board member Günther Thallinger told Capital&Main.com that climate change is a “systemic risk that threatens the very foundation of the financial sector,” and added that “a house that cannot be insured cannot be mortgaged.” The insurance crisis is a credit crisis in slow motion.
What States and the Federal Government Can Do
The GAO asked state regulators, insurance industry groups, and consumer advocates about eight possible federal policy options. Most agreed that the best approach is to focus on mitigation programs that help homeowners make their properties more disaster-resistant.
The GAO recommends Alabama’s Strengthen Alabama Homes program as a model. Since 2011, it has given grants to about 10,000 homeowners to upgrade their roofs to FORTIFIED standards, and another 45,000 have upgraded without grants. Alabama requires insurers to give premium discounts for FORTIFIED homes, making the upgrades a good investment. A 2025 study found that FORTIFIED roofs had fewer and less severe losses after Hurricane Sally, even with higher wind speeds. The National Institute of Building Sciences found benefit-cost ratios from 1.5 to 28, depending on wind speed.
As of now, at least 18 states have introduced bills in 2026 to reform insurance programs and include mitigation measures. These efforts build on a 2025 Colorado law (HB25-1182) that requires insurers to be open about their risk models and to discount premiums for homeowners who take mitigation steps.
The GAO listed eight federal policy options that Congress could consider, and your opinion matters. These options include tax deductions or credits for mitigation upgrades and insurance premiums, federal funding for infrastructure, a federal reinsurance program, community-based disaster insurance, and changes to how insurers’ reserves are taxed.
You can contact your U.S. senators and representative to share your views on where federal money should go. Mitigation incentives have wide support and are the most practical short-term step. Direct federal insurance programs are more debated, but if you think the private market has failed in your area, make that clear. The House Financial Services Committee and Senate Banking Committee are the main places for these discussions. You can find your members at congress.gov.
What You Can Do Now
- Check your disaster risk. First Street Technology’s Risk Factor tool gives property-level wildfire, flood, and wind risk scores. This is the same data source the GAO used.
- Look into the FORTIFIED standards. The Insurance Institute for Business & Home Safety (IBHS) certifies FORTIFIED construction for roofs, homes, and commercial buildings. Some states offer grants or require insurers to give discounts for certified homes.
- Learn about your state’s FAIR plan. If you can’t find private coverage, your state might have a FAIR plan or beach plan as a last resort. These plans usually offer less coverage and cost more than private insurance, but they provide insurance when no other options exist.
- Review your current insurance coverage. Many homeowners don’t realize they are underinsured. Check your dwelling coverage limit and compare it to current replacement costs, which have gone up a lot since 2020 due to construction inflation.
- Get involved with your state legislature. Insurance reform is happening in many states right now. Colorado, Washington, Oregon, and Hawaii are working on bills that link insurance to mitigation in 2026. You can find your state insurance commissioner at naic.org.
- Support federal funding for mitigation. FEMA runs several pre-disaster mitigation grant programs. Community investments in things like firebreaks, levees, and better building codes help lower the basic risk that affects everyone’s insurance premiums.
The post How Climate Disasters Are Breaking the Homeowners Insurance Market appeared first on Earth911.
https://earth911.com/home-garden/how-climate-disasters-are-breaking-the-homeowners-insurance-market/
Green Living
Best of Earth911 Podcast: Adapting to Smoke Season’s Health Impacts With Dr. James Crooks
Smoke season is back, and getting more intense every year. Tune into this “Best of” discussion with James Crooks, Ph.D., an environmental epidemiologist with National Jewish Health’s Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics in Denver, who explains his research on the impact of wildfire smoke on the ozone concentrations at ground level in Colorado. Elevated ozone levels contribute to the rising incidence of asthma and diabetes, among other conditions. Dr. Crooks found that while ozone increased only 1% compared to pre-wildfire levels, the impacts are widely felt, especially in Hispanic and historically underserved communities. The advent of annual smoke seasons and rising levels of air pollution globally make this an important conversation. He shares his advice on how to protect family members from air pollution and the prospects for life in a warmer world, when smoke season will be common in many regions.

Smoke season isn’t just unpleasant, it’s killing too many of us. According to a recent study published in the journal The Lancet Planetary Health, air pollution was directly responsible for the death of 4.5 million people around the world in 2019. A McGill University study released in early May reported that people who lived within 31 miles (50 km) of a wildfire over a 10-year period were found to have a 10% higher incidence of brain tumors and 4.9% more lung cancers. You can learn more about Dr. Crooks and National Jewish Health at nationaljewish.org.
- Subscribe to Sustainability in Your Ear on iTunes and Apple Podcasts.
- Follow Sustainability in Your Ear on Spreaker, iHeartRadio, or YouTube
This podcast originally aired on June 15, 2022.
The post Best of Earth911 Podcast: Adapting to Smoke Season’s Health Impacts With Dr. James Crooks appeared first on Earth911.
https://earth911.com/podcast/earth911-podcast-adapting-to-smoke-seasons-health-impacts-with-dr-james-crooks/
Green Living
7 Sustainable Bar Stools and Counter Stools To Complete Your Space (2026)
If you’re looking to finish your kitchen, bar area, or other seating arrangement with a set of sustainable bar stools (or counter stools) then you’ve come to the right place.
How To Source Sustainable Bar Stools and Counter Stools
I was looking for sustainable counter stools last year because my husband and I’s apartment had a large countertop and no room for a kitchen table.
We liked how the layout utilized the small space efficiently, making it feel like we had more space than we really did! However it’s not as easy to find beautiful counter stools as it is to find other sorts of dining chairs!
After borrowing my parent’s barstools for a few months, we came across the perfect set of mid-century modern-esque secondhand counter stools from the peer-to-peer resale app OfferUp.
There are many ways to source sustainable bar stools or counter stools. And which way is right for you depends on your budget and circumstances.
Secondhand Apps
This option is usually the cheapest, but may require a lot of time searching and picking up the items.
We used OfferUp, because we were on a budget, had the ability to wait (since we could borrow stools in the meantime), and weren’t ready to invest in our “forever home” — we don’t know if our future living spaces will require counter stools.
Curated Secondhand Sites
These tend to be the second most affordable option for counter stools, bar stools, or any other piece of furniture. You pay a bit of a premium over something like OfferUp or Facebook Marketplace, because the pieces are more curated, the photography is typically way better, and some places may even handle the shipping and logistics for you!
Here are a couple to check out:
- AptDeco: Advertised as the easiest way to shop secondhand furniture, AptDeco provides a professional delivery service, including pickup, delivery, and assembly within the contiguous U.S.
- Chairish: mecca for vintage furniture (typically more expensive)
New Eco-Friendly Bar Stools and Counter Stools
You may want to shop for new sustainable counter stools and bar stools if you don’t have as much time to hunt for treasures on the secondhand market, want to invest in a long-term piece of furniture, or have a very specific set of aesthetic preferences.
You might also look for new eco-friendly counter stool options if you want to make sure your stools are non-toxic, and made without harmful chemicals. You’ll see some certifications mentioned throughout. Here’s a quick cheatsheet on what they do (and don’t do).
FSC Certified: the wood sourcing was responsibly managed (not a finish, foam, or textile guarantee)
CertiPUR-US®: third-party verification that foam (like cushioned seat padding) is made without ozone depleters, PBDE flame retardants, mercury, lead, or formaldehyde, and meets low VOC emission standards; it’s a foam-specific certification, not a wood or fabric one
OEKO-TEX® STANDARD 100: tests the finished textile (like wool or cotton upholstery) for harmful substances against human-ecological safety limits; this is a product-level fabric certification, and does not cover the wood or metal parts of the furniture
Below are some vetted resources for finding sustainable bar and counter stools! Transparency note: this guide contains affiliate links. As always we only feature brands that meet strict criteria for sustainability that we love — and that we think you’ll love too.
My Favorite Places to Find Sustainable Bar Stools & Counter Stools
1. Urban Natural
Best for: wide variety of premium sustainable stools
Materials: Responsibly Sourced Wood, Leather, Metal, Fabric Upholstery
Conscious Qualities: Artisan-Made and USA Made Options; FSC-Certified Options
Price Range: $499 – $2930
Urban Natural is mecca for sustainable furniture, including bar stools and counter stools. The brands they carry prioritize craftsmanship, design, quality, and sustainability. Many of the stools are made with FSC-Certified solid wood and eco-friendly production practices. Ethnicraft, for example, is a brand that uses zero waste production methods, repurposing any would-be wood waste.
2. What We Make
Best for: rustic reclaimed wood stools
Materials: Reclaimed Wood or Solid Hardwood, Steel
Conscious Qualities: VOC-Free Finish, Repurposed Wood, Made to Order in USA
Price Range: $425 – $755
Crafted in Chicgoland from wood harvested from torn down Midwestern barns, What We Make has rustic reclaimed wood or solid hardwood stools with character. Each bar or counter stool is finished with a VOC-free finish.
When selecting your wood on the product you’ll notice reclaimed options as well as solid hardwood options. Due to the nature of reclaimed wood, that option will result in slight variations, but I find that part of the joy of upcycled pieces!
3. Medley
Best for: stools made with natural non-toxic materials
Materials: Domestically Sourced FSC-Certified Solid Wood, CertiPUR-US®-certified foam, OEKO-TEX® STANDARD 100-Certified Wool, Cotton
Conscious Qualities: Made-to-Order, Crafted in California, Solid Wood, In-Home Trial
Price: $1090
Handcrafted in California to your specifications with quality sustainable materials — like domestic solid alder, walnut, and maple wood — Medley’s sleek modern furniture is as sustainable as it is beautiful. The company has one eco-friendly counter stool available, called the Jasmi Counter Stool as well as other dining chairs.
4. Emeco
Best for: heirloom quality or commercial grade stools
Materials: Recycled Aluminum, Reclaimed Wood, Sustainably-Sourced Wood
Conscious Qualities: Durable, Repurposed Materials, Suitable For Outdoors
Price Range: $425 – $2120
Emeco has eco-friendly stools designed to last for a lifetime (or several). Their sustainable bar stools and counter stools are made in Pennsylvania from repurposed materials and are designed to commercial-grade standards.
Some options are also suitable for use as outdoor furniture.
5. Greenington
Best for: bamboo stools
Materials: Solid Moso Bamboo, Some Leather Upholstery
Conscious Qualities: Tree-Free, Uses Fast-Growing Bamboo
Price: $559 – $938
Greenington is among the most popular sustainable furniture brands for a reason. As a founding member of the Sustainable Furnishings Council, Greenington uses 100% solid Moso bamboo for their furniture — a material they claim is 20% harder than red oak. They offer eco-friendly counter stools and bar stools in a variety of finishes, though there are no stool designs with backs.
6. Pottery Barn Sustainably Sourced Collection
Best for: more affordable sustainable stool options
Materials: Reclaimed Wood, Recycled Aluminum, Recycled Plastic
Conscious Qualities: Natural and Repurposed Materials
Price: $249 – $399
Furniture brand Pottery Barn has recently been expanding their sustainably sourced collection, so you may just find your new eco-friendly bar and counter stools there. Their collection features stools made from reclaimed and recycled materials in a range of aesthetics, from farmhouse chic to mid-century modern.
7. West Elm Sustainably Sourced Collection
Best for: mid-century modern stools
Materials: Sustainably-Sourced Wood
Conscious Qualities: Quality Products, Use of Some Responsible Materials
Price: $499 – $599
Another larger furniture retailer with a sustainably sourced collection is West Elm. Their selection of sustainably sourced stools is small, but you can find an eco-friendly bar stool / counter stool made from FSC-Certified wood from responsibly managed forests.
Looking to complete your eco space?
Check out our full guide to sustainable furniture brands and our guide to non-toxic furniture brands.
The post 7 Sustainable Bar Stools and Counter Stools To Complete Your Space (2026) appeared first on Conscious Life & Style.
7 Sustainable Bar Stools and Counter Stools To Complete Your Space (2026)
Green Living
How Safe Are Secondhand Used Pet Supplies?
A used dog crate can save you $80 and keep a perfectly good piece of gear out of a landfill. A used food bowl with a few hairline scratches can seed your pet’s water with bacteria for months. The difference between a smart secondhand buy and a risky one usually comes down to two questions: what the item is made of, and whether you can actually clean it.
Americans spent $158 billion on their pets in 2025, and a growing share are looking for ways to spend less; the American Pet Products Association found roughly 22% of owners cut back on pet spending last year. Reused pet gear sits right at the intersection of saving money and cutting waste. But pets add a wrinkle that used furniture or clothing doesn’t: some of the germs that ride along on old bowls, beds, and toys are remarkably hard to kill, and the popular vinegar-and-soap cleaning advice doesn’t do what most people think it does.
This article contains affiliate links. If you purchase an item through one of these links, we receive a small commission that helps fund our Recycling Directory.
Why Buying Used Makes Sense
The resale habit that reshaped clothing is spreading to durable goods. Pet supplies are a natural fit: crates, carriers, and hard toys are built to last far longer than one animal’s use of them.
Keeping those items in circulation matters, because pet gear leans heavily on plastic. Pet products generate an estimated 300 million pounds of plastic waste a year in North America, according to Earth.Org, and most worn-out toys and beds aren’t recyclable through curbside programs. Every crate or bowl bought secondhand is one that didn’t have to be manufactured, and one that isn’t clogging a landfill.
A few manufacturers are building reuse into the product itself. West Paw runs a closed-loop reuse program called Join the Loop, which grinds down worn Zogoflex toys and remakes them, and Petmate now makes kennels from roughly 95% recycled polypropylene. When you can’t find a safe used version of what you need, durable, recycled-content, take-back-eligible gear is the next-best circular choice.

Start With the Material, Not the Price Tag
The single most useful rule for secondhand pet shopping is this: hard, nonporous items can be cleaned and disinfected; soft, porous ones often can’t. Stainless steel, glass, glazed ceramic, and smooth hard plastic have surfaces you can scrub and sanitize down to bare material. Fabric, foam, wood, rope, and sisal soak up saliva, urine, and whatever lived in them before, and no amount of wiping reaches all the way in.
Use this as a quick field guide when you’re standing over a yard-sale table:
| Item | Buy used with confidence | Think twice — or skip |
|---|---|---|
| Food & water bowls | Stainless steel, glass, or glazed ceramic with no cracks or chips | Any plastic bowl, or ceramic that is cracked, chipped, or crazed |
| Crates & carriers | Metal or hard-plastic crates with intact joints, latches, and no cracks | Cracked plastic, bent wire, loose handles; any airline travel crate (buy new) |
| Toys | Hard rubber and nylon chews with no gouges; treat-dispensers you can scrub | Chewed, gouged, or split toys; rope and plush toys from unknown homes |
| Beds & clothing | Machine-washable fabric you can run hot and dry on high heat | Foam beds you can’t fully wash; anything torn enough to be a choking hazard |
| Cat trees & scratchers | Frames you can wipe down; replaceable sisal or cardboard inserts | Carpet-covered posts saturated with another animal’s scent — usually not worth it |
| Aquariums & tanks | Glass tanks that hold water after a leak test; check seams and silicone seals | Tanks with cracked glass or failing seals; anything you can’t leak-test first |
| Leashes, collars & harnesses | Nylon or biothane with sound stitching and working hardware | Frayed webbing, cracked buckles, or rusted clasps that could fail |
Food and Water Bowls
Stainless steel, glass, and glazed ceramic bowls are ideal secondhand buys because they’re durable, and boiling water or a dishwasher cycle sanitizes them completely. Just check ceramic for cracks, chips, and crazing (that fine web of surface cracks in old glaze), any of which can trap bacteria and, in some imported glazes, leach lead.
Skip used plastic bowls entirely. Even hairline scratches in plastic harbor bacteria that can’t be removed by routine washing, and the bacteria that live in a pet’s mouth recolonize those grooves fast. For example, the Cornell Feline Health Center notes that 70–90% of cats carry Pasteurella multocida, a pathogen which can cause wound infections in people.
A new stainless bowl costs a few dollars and lasts for years, so this is one place not to economize.
Crates and Carriers
Metal and hard-plastic crates are among the best secondhand values in pet care. Inspect your options for cracks, sharp edges, missing screws, weak joints, and a carrying handle that’s loose or damaged. On wire crates, check that the door latches securely and the pan slides in flush.
Fabric crates need intact seams and zippers that fasten smoothly; a failed zipper on the road can lead to a lost pet. One firm exception: don’t buy a used airline travel crate. Most carriers require a new, IATA-compliant crate for animals flying as cargo, and a secondhand one may not meet current standards.
Beds, Clothing, and Soft Toys
Fabric items can be great buys if, and only if, you can launder them properly. Wash on the hottest setting the fabric allows and dry on high heat; a full hot wash-and-dry cycle kills fleas at every life stage, along with their eggs. Use a plant-based, pet-safe detergent so you’re not leaving fragrance and residue against your pet’s skin.
Inspect for rips and loose parts that could become choking hazards and be realistic about foam beds; if you can’t remove and wash the cover and you can’t wash the core, you can’t truly clean it.
Plush and rope toys are the least recommended soft items to buy used, because their fibers can hold saliva-borne bacteria and even worm eggs that laundering doesn’t fully kill.
Cat Trees, Scratchers, and the Scent Problem
Cats and dogs mark territory with scent, and a secondhand scratching post or cat tree can come pre-loaded with another animal’s signature. Some cats respond by refusing the item; others try to overwrite it, sometimes by urine-marking. Carpet- and sisal-covered posts are also porous and nearly impossible to disinfect.
Give any soft-covered item the sniff tests a cat would give it. If you can smell the previous animal, your pet certainly will. A better secondhand strategy is to buy a solid frame you can wipe down and add fresh sisal rope or replaceable cardboard inserts yourself.
The Cleaning Advice Most Guides Get Wrong
Here’s the part worth slowing down for. Soap and water, including natural Castile soap, and vinegar are fine for everyday grime and routine bacteria. Physically scrubbing an item removes most of what’s on it, and for gear coming from a healthy household, that plus a hot wash and sunlight is usually enough.
But vinegar is not a disinfectant against the pathogens that matter most in used pet gear. The viruses of real concern, including canine parvovirus and feline panleukopenia, are nonenveloped, meaning they lack the fatty outer coat that makes other germs easy to kill. That structure lets them resist most common cleaners, including vinegar and quaternary ammonium products, and survive in the environment for a long time.
|
The good news for anyone who came to secondhand shopping for environmental reasons: the most effective option is also one of the greenest. Accelerated hydrogen peroxide (AHP), which is sold to shelters and vets under the brand Rescue, kills parvovirus yet breaks down into water and oxygen, carries Green Seal and GREENGUARD Gold certifications, and doesn’t require the ventilation and skin protection bleach does. It’s the rare case where the responsible choice and the effective choice are the same bottle.
How Long Germs Actually Linger
Older advice often says viruses and parasites survive on secondhand items for “up to a month.” For the tough ones, that’s a serious underestimate. Canine parvovirus can persist in a contaminated environment for as long as seven months, according to the Indiana State Board of Animal Health, and veterinary sources put its outdoor survival at up to a year under cool, shaded conditions. Fleas and their eggs can stay viable in bedding for weeks. That long tail infection potential is why an effective disinfection method, not just “give it a wash,” matters.
When to Skip Secondhand Altogether
A few situations tilt the math toward buying new, or passing entirely:
- You have an unvaccinated puppy or kitten. Young animals are most vulnerable to exactly the viruses that resist cleaning. Until vaccinations are complete, favor new, easily sanitized gear.
- The item comes from a home with a known illness. If a previous pet had parvo, panleukopenia, ringworm, or a flea infestation, skip any porous item and disinfect hard ones with an AHP or bleach solution.
- You can’t clean it to the core. Foam beds, saturated cat trees, and gouged chew toys can’t be reliably disinfected. When in doubt, they go.
- The damage is structural. Cracked crates, frayed harness webbing, failing tank seals, and chipped ceramic aren’t bargains, they’re hazards that can harm your pet.
Products Worth Knowing About
A short, practical kit makes secondhand pet shopping safe without much fuss.
- Accelerated hydrogen peroxide disinfectant (e.g., Rescue). The eco-forward way to kill parvovirus and panleukopenia on hard, nonporous gear.
- Enzymatic odor cleaner. Breaks down the proteins in urine and scent marks that plain soap leaves behind, which is useful for reclaiming a lightly-marked crate or hard scratcher frame.
- Stainless steel bowls. When a used bowl is plastic or questionable, a new stainless set is inexpensive, dishwasher-safe, and effectively permanent.
- A fine-tooth flea comb. A dollar-store tool that tells you fast whether a secondhand bed or blanket is carrying hitchhikers.
- Durable, recycled-content toys (e.g., West Paw Zogoflex). For the soft-toy gap secondhand can’t safely fill, and they’re take-back recyclable at end of life.
What You Can Do
- Shop by material first. Reach for stainless steel, glass, glazed ceramic, and smooth hard plastic; be cautious with fabric, foam, wood, rope, and sisal.
- Inspect before you buy. Check for cracks, sharp edges, frayed webbing, failed zippers, and chewed-through spots. Structural damage is a dealbreaker.
- Match the cleaning method to the risk. Hot wash and dry for fabric; scrub-and-sanitize for hard items. For anything from a home with illness, use an AHP or bleach solution at full contact time.
- Know when to buy new. Airline crates, food bowls to replace plastic, and gear for unvaccinated young animals are worth buying new.
- Close the loop at the other end. When your own pet gear wears out, donate what’s still usable, and check Earth911’s recycling search for options on what isn’t.
Related Reading
- A Guide to Safe and Sustainable Pet Products
- Eco-Friendly Laundry Detergents
- Reduce Rover’s CO2 Pawprint: Fruits and Veggies Dogs Enjoy
Editor’s Note: Originally published by Tammi Avallone, a writer and managing editor of FiveBarks.com, on June 30, 2022, this article was substantially updated in July 2026.
The post How Safe Are Secondhand Used Pet Supplies? appeared first on Earth911.
https://earth911.com/living-well-being/are-used-pet-supplies-save/
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